International Business Law and Ethics: Legal and Ethical Issues in Four Case Studies

INTERNATIONAL
BUSINESS LAW
AND ETHICS
Running head: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS LAW AND ETHICS
INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS LAW AND ETHICS
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Authors Note

INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS LAW AND ETHICS1
Table of Contents
Introduction.....................................................................................................3
Question 1.......................................................................................................4
Question 2.......................................................................................................5
Question 3.......................................................................................................6
Question 4.......................................................................................................7
Question 5.......................................................................................................7
Question 6.......................................................................................................8
Question 7.....................................................................................................10
Question 8.....................................................................................................11
Question 9.....................................................................................................11
Question 10...................................................................................................12
Question 11...................................................................................................12
Question 12...................................................................................................13
Reference......................................................................................................15

INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS LAW AND ETHICS2
Introduction
This paper will evaluate the legal and ethical issues raised in four case studies. In the first
case study, it is discussed whether contract between Kolinsky and Lia is governed by the United
Nations Convention on the use of the Electronic Communications in International Contracts and
UN Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts. The second
case study discusses that whether the UN Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications
in International Contracts apply to this transaction and whether Incoterm been correctly
incorporated into the contract. The third case study deals with whether Lia has any legal basis to
prevent Kolinsky’s enforcement of his arbitral award, whether United Nations Convention on
Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) apply to the contract between them,
whether Under the CISG, would Kolinsky breach his contract by delivering tiny 24mm x 32mm
canvases. It further explains the contract elements under CISG. The fourth case study deals with
the criteria for an electronic signature to be valid under the UNCITRAL Law on Model
Signatures.

INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS LAW AND ETHICS3
Question 1
Whether the contract between Kolinsky and Lia is governed by the United Nations
Convention on the use of the Electronic Communications in International Contracts?
Article 8(1) of the United Nations Convention on the use of the Electronic
Communications in International Contracts says that no treatment disparity should exist
between the paper documents and electronic communication (Tang 2015). The enforceability of
validity cannot be denied solely on the ground of electronic communication form. Article 9(3) of
the Convention intends of removing the obstacles of using the electronic signatures and to not
affecting the other requirements of the electronic communication’s validity which is related with
the electronic signature. The legal validity of an electronic communication which fulfills all the
signature requirements needs to be settled under applicable laws that are outside the UN
Convention. However, Article 2(1) of the Convention states that the Convention cannot be
applied in the personal, household or family contracts.
In this given scenario, a French artist named Lia entered into an electronic contract with a
United Arab Emirates artisan named Kolinsky, for the delivery of custom made brushes with her
name written in it in consideration of money. Kolinsky never delivered the brushes after
accepting the money stating an electronic contract cannot be considered valid because of its
ineffectiveness. The contract would not be recognized legally under Article 8(1) and Article 9(3)
of the United Nations Convention on the use of the Electronic Communications in
International Contracts because any personal, household or family contracts are not be
considered under this Convention as stated under Article 2(1) of the Convention.