Case Study on an International Entrepreneur

This case study discusses Anisa Haghdadi, a young female entrepreneur and social rights activist, and her company Beatfreeks that helps big firms connect with the youth generations. It explores motivation theories and effectuation theories in social entrepreneurship. The report also discusses the features of social entrepreneurship and its benefits and disadvantages.

CASE STUDY ON AN
INTERNATIONAL
ENTERPRENEUR

PART-A(1000 words)
Case study on International Entrepreneur
 On of the main reasons behind the growth of the economy and social development is the
entrepreneurship. According to McDougall and Oviatt “ International entrepreneurship is
the combination of innovative , proactive and risk seeking behaviour that crosses the
national borders and is intended to create value in the company.” When any entrepreneur
goes to another country to run and operate the business then it is known as international
entrepreneurship. Anisa Haghdadi is a young female entrepreneur from UK as well as
social rights activist. She is founder and CEO of Beatfreeks that comprise of a group of people
and companies using the creativity for good purpose(Perényi, and Losoncz, 2018). The
company is a youth engagement agency that assist big firms to connect with the youth
generations . The company is connected to business and governments as they are interested in
getting young people to share their ideas and creativity and work with companies. The
entrepreneur started working as social entrepreneur from the age 15 and after graduating from
Aston wanted to achieve a strong desire to act on her passion for youth . Anisa is focused on
helping the minority youth in finding jobs in UK(Sadeghi, and et.al, 2019). The main purpose
behind this is to provide employment to the young members of the country in campaigns fr
better development of the brands.
 The purpose of Anisa is to assist the youngsters to find jobs n UK so that with the use of
their knowledge and creativity they can help in better development of brands . The
company founded by Anisa is a growing community which assist in finding jobs to the
young generation so that they can contribute new ideas and by using their creativity they
can help the company in achieving their objective and also help in developing their
knowledge(Verbeke, and Ciravegna, 2018). Anisa was awarded a Sky Academy Arts
Scholarship in 2015. She also founded and led the curation of the first ever TEDxYouth
in Birmingham in 2017. The aim behind starting this is to encourage and support the
talent and creativity of the young generations which can further help in the development
of the brand in UK . The international entrepreneur recently has been selected into
Legacy and Benefits Committee for the Commonwealth Games 2022. Anisa goals Is to
facilitate amazing collaborations that can help the person to get ' how their world works '.

Motivation theories
Motivation is considered as an important factor which encourages a person to give their best
performance and also helps in accomplishing their goals. It activates the entrepreneur to put
their highest efforts for achieving their goals(Schunk, and DiBenedetto, 2020). There are
various motivational theories that an entrepreneur can consider in order to achieve the
desired goals and objectives. Maslow need of Hierarchy theory and is classified into five
categories that is Physiological needs, safety and security needs, social needs , esteem
needs and self actualisation needs. For the entrepreneur it is mainly self esteem and self
actualisation needs that motivate them to work more in order to achieve their goals. Anisa
worked for the social cause and set first social enterprise at the age of 15. The passion of
entrepreneur was to help the youth of Birmingham to achieve their goals.
Trait theory
Trait theory is an approach that is related to the study of the human personality and is based
on the measurement of the traits of a person .A trait is defined as the characteristics of
personality that should fulfil three criteria that is it should be consistent, stable and also it
vary for person to person. Every person is born with some personality and aptitude traits. The
trait is catageorised into Cardinal traits , Central traits and secondary traits. The application
of those traits in correct direction is called a successful entrepreneur(Prentice, et.al, 2019).
The entrepreneur believed every person has some traits and some creativity but it depends
upon the person to implement it in right direction. In this , the founder aimed at youth
development and cultural leadership and she achieved this and was also awarded a British
Empire Medal. Anisa Haghdadi is an experiences trainer, speaker and host and also including
TEDxBrum. The entrepreneur aims at solving Britain’s social problems. Anisa is
passionate about building communities and inspiring action.
Effectuation theories
The theory of effectuation was founded by Sarasvathy who is as Indian born school
professor and is currently working in University of Virginia. The theory was proposed in 2000.
The theory focuses on the process that the entrepreneurs apply in order to create new ventures.
The theory highlights the way the person business person thinks about the problem and finds
ways in order to solve those issues(Kerr, and Coviello, 2020). It states that how the company
can with minimum resources achieve their objectives with the help of available resources.

The theory is based upon the following principles:
The bird in the hand principle: The international entrepreneur takes the opportunity on the
basis of their recognition in the society. Being a young entrepreneur Anisa grabbed the
opportunity and collaborated with the companies and government . With the expertise they have ,
Anisa Haghdadi wanted to spread the creativity of youngster and also assist in providing
employment for better development of the brands. The entrepreneur introduce the company
Beatfreeks that comprise of young people to connect with the big firms .
Pilot in the plane:This theory lays emphasis on focus on today. It states that this theory
continues to gain research from various scholars and textbooks. The entrepreneurs uses their
expertise and knowledge which helps in building their business and also focuses on achieving the
goals for which the company is incorporated.
The affordable loss principle: This principle lays emphasis of the entrepreneur’s willingness to
lose rather than investing money on the returns from the business. This principle focus on the
risk factor and the decision of the entrepreneur are highly influenced by the risk involved in
performing the task(Palmié, et.al, 2019). Therefore the entrepreneurs use this principle to reduce
the risk by controlling other factors and find alternate ways in order to minimize the expenses in
the utilisation of the resources.
The crazy quilt principle: This principle focuses on the stakeholders alliances and teh strategic
alliance help the entrepreneurs to reduce the uncertainties in the business. The alliances by the
stakeholders are the prior commitments that helps to reduce the barriers to entry and also
constrain the ambiguous goals. In this the stakeholders select the the ways after interacting wth
the entrepreneurs in order to find new ways which can benefit the venture.
The lemonade principle: This principle motivate the entrepreneurs and stakeholders to
acknowledge and take advantage of the contingencies rather than avoiding it. This principle
encourages the entrepreneur turn the uncertainties and unexpected into valuable and desirable
results that can be profitable for the company(Hensel, et.al, 2021). It depends upon the
entrepreneur capabilities to handle the contingencies. The principle also highlights the the action
of the entrepreneurs and their imaginations of how they can take advantage of these
contingencies and make valuable use of it.

The international entrepreneurs can use the Lemonade principle and can take advantage
of the contingencies that arise and can take advantage and receive best possible outcomes with
the helps of their ideas and imaginations.
It can be said that the entrepreneur was ambitious towards attaining her goals to help the
youth so that they can achieve their goals. Beatfreeks, founded by the entrepreneur strives to
employ the minority youth for the events and campaigns which helps in developing their skills
and confidence. The entrepreneur is hard working which has helped her to move forward in
achieving her goals. The entrepreneur also included in various events of inspiring the individuals
to achieve their goals.
It can be said that in order to become a successful entrepreneur it is important to stay
focused on the goals and objectives and continuously work in order to fulfil it . The
businessperson should face the challenges which helps in analysing the resources or methods that
should be required and make improvement according to it(Kraus, and et.al, 2021). In order to
achieve the vision , continuous efforts is required which helps to overcome the risk. It is
important for an individual to make use of their creativity and knowledge in right direction
which helps to achieve the desired goals and also development of and individual. It is also
important to collaborate with the expertise as it helps in generating more ideas and knowledge. In
order to become a successful entrepreneur, they should have the ability to maintain long term
relationship with the other entrepreneurs which can also be beneficial as they can invest in the
company in order to succeed in the market.
The company that is founded by Anisa Haghdadi focused on giving voice to the young
generation of society in order to develop their skills and confidence so that they are ready for
self- employment in future. In order to succeed in life it necessary to work on improving the
skills and increase the area of knowledge which can helps in building their knowledge and also
helps in personal development of an individual . From the effectuation theory it can said that it
depends upon the person how they identify the solutions related to starting a new ventures in
order to be successful in fulfilling the objectives and succeed in life.

PART-B
Social (International) entrepreneurship
Social entrepreneurship is defined as conducting the business activities for social cause or
for the welfare of the society. It is ans approach which involves individuals, groups and
companies which develop funds and implement the solution for the welfare of the society(Elo,
and et.al, 2018). The concept of the social entrepreneurship was introduced in 1980s. Various
entrepreneurs run their organisation to generate ideas and solution for the betterment of the
society. These organization is associated with the young generations that have more talent and
knowledge which they can utilized for their future development. For example – Anisa Haghdadi
is a young entrepreneur from UK and also social activists. The company Beatfreeks is a youth
engagement agency that help big firms to link with the youth generations.
Features of social entrepreneurship
They should be innovative so that they can implement such changes in the society for
which the organisation is incorporated(do Adro, and et.al, 2021). It is very necessary that the
entrepreneur should be dedicated towards their work such as making various improvement in the
society and empowerment youth so that they can develop their skills in future . The
businessperson should take initiative and conduct various social mechanisms and accept the risk
and further plan strategies in order avoid risk in future . Entrepreneurship is way of thinking ,
reasoning and taking actions according to it. It is necessary to analyse the various factors and
then use proper leadership theory which benefit the society.
The social entrepreneurship is associated and is incorporated for the betterment of the
society and has various benefits but it also have some disadvantage which has negative impact
on the society. It helps to create stability in the employment resulting in positive impact on the
society. The company is incorporated for social cause and helps in implementing social change
in the society(Méndez-Picazo, and et.al, 2021). By evaluating the current position in the society
it helps in creating innovative ideas for the welfare of the society. With the help of collaboration
with the big firms and government will help the company to expand its business and work on
making more improvements in the society on the other hand there are various regulation which
the organization is bound to follow and also comply with the principles in order to implement
potential changes in the society.

From the above report it can concluded that the company is incorporated for achieving
specific objective and in order to achieve this it is important to first identify the trends in the
society which helps the company to further implement effective strategies for the betterment of
society and also to develop the skills of the young person. By collaborating with the
government , the company can avail various benefits which they can use for improving various
areas of society(Gali, and et.al, 2020). The social enterprise is incorporated with the objective of
serving the society and their main motive is not earning profit. In order to meet their goals and
objectives , the contribution from society is also required so that the organisation can fulfil their
goals effectively.

REFERENCES
Books and journals
do Adro, and et.al, 2021. Social entrepreneurship orientation and performance in non-profit
organizations. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal. 17(4). pp.1591-
1618.
Elo, and et.al, 2018. Advancing the views on migrant and diaspora entrepreneurs in international
entrepreneurship. Journal of International Entrepreneurship. 16(2). pp.119-133.
Gali, and et.al, 2020. Social entrepreneurship orientation and company success: The mediating
role of social performance. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. 160.
p.120230.
Kraus, and et.al, 2021. The importance of literature reviews in small business and
entrepreneurship research. Journal of Small Business Management, pp.1-12.
Méndez-Picazo, and et.al, 2021. Effects of sociocultural and economic factors on social
entrepreneurship and sustainable development. Journal of Innovation &
Knowledge. 6(2).pp.69-77.
Perényi, Á. and Losoncz, M., 2018. A systematic review of international entrepreneurship
special issue articles. Sustainability.10(10). p.3476.
Sadeghi, and et.al, 2019. An institution-based view of international entrepreneurship: A
comparison of context-based and universal determinants in developing and
economically advanced countries. International Business Review. 28(6). p.101588.
Verbeke, A. and Ciravegna, L., 2018. International entrepreneurship research versus
international business research: A false dichotomy?. Journal of International Business
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Schunk, D.H. and DiBenedetto, M.K., 2020. Motivation and social cognitive
theory. Contemporary Educational Psychology. 60. p.101832.
Prentice, et.al, 2019. Integrating whole trait theory and self‐determination theory. Journal of
personality. 87(1). pp.56-69.

Kerr, J. and Coviello, N., 2020. Weaving network theory into effectuation: A multi-level
reconceptualization of effectual dynamics. Journal of Business Venturing. 35(2).
p.105937.
Palmié, et.al, 2019. Some principles are more equal than others: Promotion‐versus prevention‐
focused effectuation principles and their disparate relationships with entrepreneurial
orientation. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal. 13(1). pp.93-117.
Hensel, et.al, 2021. A small independent retailer's performance: Influenced by innovative
strategic decision-making skills?. Journal of Innovation & Knowledg.6(4). pp.280-289.