Internet of Things for Smart Healthcare: Technologies, Challenges, and Opportunities

This review paper discusses the utility of soft functional materials in wearable devices for healthcare monitoring and disease diagnostics. It summarizes soft materials and designs for sensing and substrate components, along with the facilitated electronics and applications. The paper explores new application areas for materials.

Review Based Project Literature Review (Secondary Research) Template
Student's Name and CSU ID
Project Type Review Based Project
Project Name Internet of Things for Smart Healthcare: Technologies, Challenges, and Opportunities
Technology Remote health monitoring system, sensory technology
Techniques The conditions of the patients are monitored using the health monitoring systems, the physiological condition of
the patients can be also tracked using the sensory technologies.
Domain Healthcare industry
NOTE: Please you need to use YOUR OWN WORDS in writing this template.
Version 1.0 _ Week 1 (5 Journal Papers from CSU Library)
1
Reference in APA format that will be
in 'Reference List'
Herbert, R., Kim, J. H., Kim, Y., Lee, H., & Yeo, W. H. (2018). Soft material-enabled, flexible hybrid
electronics for medicine, healthcare, and human-machine interfaces. Materials, 11(2), 187.
1

(This give the Reference of the
Journal Paper you are working on it)
Citation that will be in the content (Herbert et al., 2018)
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11020187 Q1 soft materials; flexible hybrid electronics; wearable
electronics; stretchable electronics; medicine;
healthcare; human-machine interfaces
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/
... etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be
solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name: Flexible
hybrid electronics (FHE),
Tools:
1. Sensing Materials like Carbon
Nanotube, Graphene, Hydrogel,
Liquid Metal (EGaIn),
Nanosheet and Thin Film
(MnO2, Mn, Mg, Si), Nanowire
(Ag, ZnO, Si, Au, BaTiO3, Ni),
Conducting Polymer
(PEDOT:PSS)
2. Substrate Materials like Silicone
elastomer (Ecoflex 00-30),
Problem:The conventional electronic
systems that are made of bulky and rigid
materials are difficult to wear and create
lot of discomfort.
Goal: Flexible hybrid electronics (FHE),
designed in wearable and implantable
configurations, have enormous
applications in advanced healthcare, rapid
disease diagnostics, and persistent human-
machine interfaces. Soft, contoured
geometries and time-dynamic deformation
of the targeted
tissues require high flexibility and
stretchability of the integrated
1. Sensing materials
2. Substrate materials
3. Wearable FHE
4. Implantable FHE
2

Silicone elastomer (Sylgard
184), Silicone elastomer
(Silbione LSR 4330), Parylene
(VSI Parylene C), Polyethylene
terephthalate
(PET), Polycaprolactone (PCL),
Polyimide (PI), Polyethylene
naphthalate (PEN),
Polyethersulfone (PES),
Polytetrafluoroethylene
(PTFE), Poly(lactic-co-glycolic
acid) (PLGA), Cyclic olefin
polymer (Zeonor 1020R), Silk
fibroin
3. Wearable FHE of different
sensor types like Strain Sensor,
Pressure Sensor, Light Sensor,
Temperature, Sweat Sensor,
Electrode, Antenna, QD
Display, Cooling Device,
Supercapacitor
4. Implantable FHE of device type
Electrode, Cardiac Temperature
Sensor, Optogenetic Light
Delivery, Biodegradable
Microsupercapacitor,
Biodegradable Battery, Energy
Harvester
bioelectronics. Recent progress in
developing and engineering soft materials
has provided a unique opportunity to
design various types of mechanically
compliant and deformable systems. The
paper explores new application areas for
materials.
3

Applied Area:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1 Integration Strategies of Electronic Circuits
for FHE. Is mentioned in subsequent steps.
While these soft materials enable FHE to
achieve multiple levels of mechanical
compliance, they alone cannot realize fully
functional and practical FHE.
Core electronic components such as
amplifiers, analog-to-digital converters,
filters, microprocessors,
memories, and multiplexers need to be
embedded into a soft FHE for data
acquisition, transmission,
processing and active control.
No challenge defined
2 1. Organic Electronics : Since most
organic materials can be processed in
a solution form, alarge-scale
fabrication can be done by printing
processes. In fully printed organic
systems, the devices are formed by
an additive manufacturing, thus no
further subtractive steps are needed
for structural patterning.
2. Inorganic Electronics : While typical
Despite the manufacturing flexibility
and scalability of organic electronics, a
complete realization of
modern electronic requirements solely
by the use of organic materials has been
challenging. First of all, acquiring
electronic functions with fast switching
speeds and high on-off ratio might be
challenging
4

semiconducting wafers are rigid and
brittle, exfoliating them into thin
layers with a thickness less than 25
m yields mechanical bendability and
flexibility.
Therefore, an implementation of thin,
single crystalline semiconductor layers
into flexible substrates would provide
superb electronic properties, mostly
owing to the carrier mobilities that are
orders of magnitude higher than those of
organic counterparts, allowing the
circuits to be tasked with more
demanding functions. Moreover, since
modern photolithography technologies
would be used for patterning, extremely
dense array of transistors can be packed
in a small area.
due to the far less carrier mobilities of
organic semiconductors than that of
inorganic, single crystalline
semiconductors. This limits the roles of
organic electronics to low-speed tasks.
Moreover, both structural and chemical
stability of the organic materials needs
to be further improved to achieve the
evice reliability, especially for body-
implantable applications.
3 Thinned Chips : Rather than exfoliating a
thin layer of a wafer, diced individual silicon
chips can be chemically and mechanically
ground down to achieve required
mechanical properties. The thinned chips
can then be bonded to flexible substrates
either with the active side facing down to the
pre-patterned fan-out traces using
conductive adhesives or with the active side
facing upward followed by spin-on film
deposition and establishing electrical
No data No limitation
5

connections via microfabrication.
4 Chip-Scale Packaging : Multiple
components, such as thick-film passive
components and other solderable packages
based on surface mount technology, can be
assembled simultaneously by using an
automatic pick-and-place tool.
The key features enabling this particular
solderable and stretchable
platform are (1) excellent solderability and
compatibility with conventional surface
mount technology,
(2) ability of the assembled device to be
directly integrated with a soft adhesive
layer, and (3) scalability of the
manufacturing method
5 Human-Machine Interfaces (HMI
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
There is no result section as it is a review of some components There is no result section as it is a review of some components
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the
research current solution, and Why
6

(Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
N/A N/A
It is a review paper justifying the utility of
soft functional materials in wearable devices. In
this review, soft materials and designs for
sensing and substrate components, along with
the facilitated electronics and applications,
have been summarized. Silicone elastomers and
other soft, organic substrate materials, such as
silk fibroin, have resulted in increasingly
flexible and stretchable electronics, improving
device functionality and increasing the breadth
of potential applications. Additionally, a
number of these materials have indicated
necessary biocompatibility and
biodegradability, allowing for applications in
transient electronic needs. Likewise, sensing
materials, such as CNTs, graphene, hydrogels,
and nanostructures, have improved the
mechanical and electrical characteristics of
FHE. Sensing materials generally limit the
mechanical compliance, but integration with
soft substrates and recent advances have
improved mechanical properties while
maintaining favorable electrical properties.
These advancements in soft material-enabled
wearable and implantable electronics have
improved functionality and allowed
applications in different areas, including
healthcare, disease diagnostics, and human-
To continue progress in the advancement of
wearable and implantable FHE, a variety of
challenges and opportunities is still being
addressed. Further development of soft
material-based sensing components is required
to offer smaller form factors of functional
devices. New addition of self-healing
materials will expand the current mechanical
and application limits of FHE. For hard-soft
device configurations that combine both
compliant elastomers and rigid electronic
components, advanced manufacturing
methods are needed to provide robust
mechanical and electrical hybridization of two
types of materials. Improved technologies of
multi-scale integration of hybrid materials will
reduce the current gaps in performance
variation between materials. While currently
limited, further development of miniaturized
and more efficient wireless powering and
communication technologies will allow
continuous and long-term usage of wearable
and implantable systems. Additionally,
continued investigation of biodegradable
materials will broaden the applicability of
transient electronics for implantable systems.
Direct coupling of soft devices with cells and
tissues will improve in vivo interfaces.
7

machine interfaces. Moving forward, continued development and
integration of soft, functional sensing and
substrate materials will heighten the
functionality and applicability of FHE.
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is
valuable for your project
What is the Future work that set by the
author in Conclusion and Future work
section
Health Monitoring and Disease Diagnostics
Diagram/Flowchart
Reference in APA format that will be in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the Journal Paper that the author selected and improve it (State of art of his work))
 Xu, S., Zhang, Y., Jia, L., Mathewson, K. E., Jang, K. I., Kim, J., ... & Bhole, S. (2014). Soft microfluidic assemblies of sensors, circuits,
and radios for the skin. Science, 344(6179), 70-74.
 Norton, J. J., Lee, D. S., Lee, J. W., Lee, W., Kwon, O., Won, P., ... & Umunna, S. (2015). Soft, curved electrode systems capable of
integration on the auricle as a persistent brain–computer interface. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(13), 3920-
3925.
Citation that will be in the content
 Xu et al., (2014)
8

 Norton et al., (2015)
2
Reference in APA format that will be
in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the
Journal Paper you are working on it)
Wu, W., & Haick, H. (2018). Healthcare Monitoring: Materials and Wearable Devices for
Autonomous Monitoring of Physiological Markers (Adv. Mater. 41/2018). Advanced Materials,
30(41), 1870309.
Citation that will be in the content (Wu et al., 2018)
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/
adma.201870309
Q1 health, monitoring, physiological biomarkers, self-
healing, self-powered devices, sensors, wearables
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/
... etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be
solved
What are the components of it?
9

Technique/Algorithm name: The author
discussed the following concepts .
1. Sensing Materials for
Noninvasive DiseaseDetection
and Monitoring.
2. Detection of Physical
Physiological Markers
3. Sensors for (Bio-)Chemical
Physiological Markers
4. Self-Powered Devices like
Energy-Harvesting Units.
And Self-Powered Sensing
Platforms.
5. Self-Healing Devices
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:: The old conventional wearable
devices are bulky and are difficult to wear.
Goal: Wearable devices are gaining
considerable attention owing to the ease
with which they can collect crucial
information in real-time, both continuously
and noninvasively, regarding a wearer’s
health. A concise summary is given of the
three main elements that enable
autonomous detection and monitoring of
the likelihood or the existence of a health-
risk state in continuous and real time
modes, with an emphasis on emerging
materials and fabrication techniques in the
relevant fields.
The first element is the sensing technology used in the
non-invasive detection of physiological markers relevant
to the state of health.
The second element is self-powered devices for longer
periods of use by drawing energy from bodily movement
and temperature.
The third element is the self-healing properties of the
materials used in the wearable devices to extended usage
if they become scratched or cut.
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1 Only components of the different
components are discussed.
a. Sensing Materials for Noninvasive
The existing wearable devices that focus
on health monitoring
have been booming both for consumer
We have reviewed the recent advances
needed for enabling autonomous
wearable devices that monitor health
10

Disease Detection and Monitoring :
advanced materials, such as self-
healing/conductive polymers,
nanoparticles, piezoelectric
nanowires, and carbon
nanomaterials, will soon
continuously and predictably boost
the incoming innovation of diverse
wearable devices with unique
functions.
b. Detection of Physical Physiological
Markers: Heart rate and heart-rate
variability detected by an ECG are
the simplest and most informative
parameters of cardiac activity.
c. Sensors for (Bio-)Chemical
Physiological Markers.
d. Energy-Harvesting Units: Instead of
battery an alternative solution,
drawing energy like body
temperature from the human body
and converting it into electricity is
explained.
e. Self-Powered Sensing Platforms
describes battery free energy
Combining energy harvesting and
sensing technology.
f. Self-Healing Devices : Wearable
sensors[18,160] can accidentally be
digitals (e.g.,
i-watch, Huawei watch, Samsung watch,
Xiaomi watch, etc.)
and in researched conceptual products
(e.g., electrocardiogram
(ECG) sensors,[69,70] blood-pressure
sensors,[64] pulse
sensors,[71–73] temperature sensors,[74]
sweat sensors,[62] breath volatile organic
compound (VOC) sensors,[41,66] etc.).
Current microelectronic and wireless
technologies allow these devices to
measure multitudes of important metrics in
small, lightweight forms, and can
communicate this data transparently to a
cell phone or other internet-connected
devices. Nevertheless,
wearable medical devices of the current
generation are less accurate than the
threshold needed for clinical consideration,
and mostly rely on user intervention to
record data that is processed off-line later.
conditions in a noninvasive way, viz.,
physical/chemical markers, and self-
powered technologies for drawing
energy from the human body and the
environment, and self-healable devices
for ensuring long-term sustainability.
Although numerous promising advances
have been achieved so far in each of
these parts, an integrated and battery-
free platform that includes all three parts
together remains absent. There is a long
way to go in developing this integrated
platform in the research laboratory, and
then for real-world situations and/or in
commercial avenues, for several main
reasons. The first being that an all-in-one
wearable sensing platform for
monitoring physical and chemical
markers requires highly sensitive and
specific sensors to detect stimuli, as well
as a flexible circuit board to measure the
signals, deal with the data, and transmit
it to the cloud.[64,69] Even more
troublesome, the sensing signals from
the human body are always ascribed to
multistimuli, which makes data analysis
(i.e., stimuli decoupling and recognition)
difficult.. In addition, the minimization
of the flexible circuit board with low
11

scratched and/or mechanically cut,
thereby diminishing or destroying
their sensing capability. To
overcome this challenge, several
groups have succeeded in
synthesizing self-healing materials
(i.e., materials that can automatically
restore their original properties after
being damaged).
power assumption remains a challenge.
The second reason is that a long-term
reliable power source remains
questionable. The intermittent
movement of the human body generates
a discontinuous output by the TENG,
which cannot satisfy continuous
monitoring of the platform. In addition,
frictional wear is not considered in
TENGs mostly made with polymers,
which, by far, is critical for the long-
term operation of polymer-based
TENGs,[171] otherwise the output of
voltage and current is too low to drive a
device at room temperature by
a TEG..
The third reason is that the self-healing
ability of a device requires further
improvement, including faster healing
speed, less decay of device performance,
and unlimited healing times.
2
3
4
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
12

Dependent Variable Independent Variable
There is no experiment involved and the different components
of a wearable devices without battery is described.
Output Voltage, Output current, maximum power density of different
types of PNGs are described. Body temperature is also a variable
used for generation of curr
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the
research current solution, and Why
(Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
There is no
experiment so there
is no input data
There is no
experiment so there
is no output data
The review paper reviewed the recent advances
needed for enabling autonomous wearable
devices that monitor health conditions in a
noninvasive way, viz., physical/chemical
markers, and self-powered technologies for
drawing energy from the human body and the
environment, and self-healable devices for
ensuring long-term sustainability.
Although numerous promising advances have
been achieved so far in each of these parts an
integrated and battery-free platform that
includes all three parts together remains
absent. There is a long way to go in
developing this integrated platform in the
research laboratory, and then for real-world
situations
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is
13

valuable for your project
What is the Future work that set by the
author in Conclusion and Future work
section
The findings of the review report gives an
insight of the latest advancement in the field
of wearable devices.
Diagram/Flowchart
14

15

Reference in APA format that will be in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the Journal Paper that the author selected and improve it (State of art of his work))
 Amal, H., Leja, M., Funka, K., Skapars, R., Sivins, A., Ancans, G., ... & Haick, H. (2016). Detection of precancerous gastric lesions and
gastric cancer through exhaled breath. Gut, 65(3), 400-407.
 Gao, W., Emaminejad, S., Nyein, H. Y. Y., Challa, S., Chen, K., Peck, A., ... & Lien, D. H. (2016). Fully integrated wearable sensor
arrays for multiplexed in situ perspiration analysis. Nature, 529(7587), 509.
Citation that will be in the content
 Amal et al., (2016)
 Gao et al., (2016)
3
Reference in APA format that will be
in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the
Journal Paper you are working on it)
Manogaran, G., Varatharajan, R., Lopez, D., Kumar, P. M., Sundarasekar, R., & Thota, C. (2018). A
new architecture of Internet of Things and big data ecosystem for secured smart healthcare monitoring
and alerting system. Future Generation Computer Systems, 82, 375-387.
Citation that will be in the content (Manogaran et al., 2018)
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
Wireless sensor networks Internet of Things Big data
analytics Cloud computing and health car
16

https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.future.2017.10.045
Q1
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/
... etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be
solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
A new architecture is proposed to store
and process scalable sensor data.
•MF-R architecture uses Apache Pig and
Apache HBase to the sensor data.
•GC architecture is used for securing
integration of fog computing with cloud
computing.
MapReduce based prediction model is
proposed to predict the heart diseases
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem: Wearable medical devices with
sensor continuously generate enormous data
which is often called as big data mixed with
structured and unstructured data. Due to the
complexity of the data, it is difficult to process
and analyze the big data for finding valuable
information that can be useful in decision
making. On the other hand, data security is a
key requirement in healthcare big data
system. In order to overcome this issue, this
paper proposes a new rchitecture for the
implementation of IoT to store and process
scalable sensor data (big data) for health care
applications.
Goal: To handle unformatted big data by using
tools to get useful information.
To find a solution to security of data issues.
The Proposed architecture consists
of two main sub architectures, namely, Meta Fog-
Redirection (MF-R) and Grouping and Choosing (GC)
architecture. MF-R architecture uses big data
technologies such as Apache Pig and Apache HBase for
collection and storage of the sensor data (big data)
generated from different sensor devices. The proposed
GC architecture is used for securing integration of fog
computing with cloud computing. This architecture also
uses key management service and data categorization
function (Sensitive, Critical and Normal) for providing
security services. The framework also uses MapReduce
based prediction model to predict the heart diseases.
Performance evaluation parameters such as throughput,
sensitivity, accuracy, and f-measure are calculated to
prove the efficiency of the proposed architecture as well
17

as the prediction model.
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1 Background information on . Big Data, loud
and fog computing and internet is used..
Wireless Mobile Sensor Network (WMSN)
with Internet of things is playing a vital role
in the continuous monitoring of individual
health condition.
The step is the foundation for the proposed
solution.
N/A
2 MF-R architecture
The proposed architecture consists of three
different phases, namely, data collection
phase, data transfer phase, and big
datastorage phase.
• Data collection phase is used for
continuous monitoring of the patient’s
health. Hence, whenever the respiratory rate,
heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature
and blood sugar exceed the normal values,
the devices send an alert message with
clinical value to the doctor using wireless
network through fog computing. In Data
In general, it is difficult to process and
analyze big data for finding meaningful
information. Moreover, data security is a
key requirement in healthcare big data
system. To overcome this issue, this paper
proposes a new architecture for the
implementation
of Internet of Things (IoT) to store and
process scalable sensor data (big data) in
health care applications.
N/A
18

collection phase, sensor data collected from
fog computing are connected to with a cloud
for transfer and storage into the database.
3 In the data transfer phase, the proposed
architecture uses ‘s3cmd utility’ method to
move the clinical data into Amazon S3
bucket. A Healthcare organization uses the
EC2 instance in Amazon’s cloud to store the
sensor data (physiological data) of the
patients. However, this sensor data set is not
available in Amazon EMR because sensor
data stored only on the local disk of running
EC2 instance. Thus, it has to be transferred
to the EMR. Amazon EMR provides
Hadoop service in the cloud to process the
big data.
N/A N/A
4 In general, storage of a huge amount of data
in the Amazon S3 bucket is not possible
[45]. In order to overcome this issue, the
proposed architecture uses Apache Pig in
data storage phase to transfer huge sensor
data (clinical data)from an Amazon S3
bucket to the Apache HBase
N/A N/A
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
19

Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Big Data No independent variable for this paper as it is not an experiment.
Internet of things
Using cloud computing facilities
Using Fog computing
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the
research current solution, and Why
(Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
Big Data
Sensor data
collected from fog
computing
Sensor Database
The paper deals more on the theoretical aspects
of using big data, fog computing data etc and a
database is created. The proposed architecture
is named as GC architecture. It is used for
securing integration of fog computing with
cloud computing. This architecture also uses
key management service and data
categorization function (Sensitive, Critical and
Normal) for providing security services. The
framework also uses MapReduce based
prediction model to predict the heart diseases.
A tools are required to process the huge data
generated form the various IoT devices [39],
Transmission cost should be reduced for
transfer of clinical data between the sensors
and the server [40], the need for efficient
optimization techniques between the
consignment and the header information [41],
the requirement of effective fault tolerance
system to manage network failure and
emergency situations, the requirement of
authentication and authorization schemes to
20

Performance evaluation parameters such as
throughput, sensitivity, accuracy, and f-
measure are calculated to prove the efficiency
of the proposed architecture as well as the
prediction model.
protect the clinical data against the intruders
and unauthorized access, MIPv6 and ICMPv6
based network communications and lot of
network protocols are required to overcome
network delay and latency and star and mesh
topologies are also required to manage high
loads and single- and multi-hop routing
frameworks
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is
valuable for your project
What is the Future work that set by the
author in Conclusion and Future work
section
This is a new dimension in wearable medical
devices technology.
Diagram/Flowchart
21

22

Reference in APA format that will be in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the Journal Paper that the author selected and improve it (State of art of his work))
 Kumar, P., & Lee, H. J. (2012). Security issues in healthcare applications using wireless medical sensor networks: A survey. sensors,
12(1), 55-91.
 Craven, M., & Page, C. D. (2015). Big data in healthcare: opportunities and challenges.
Citation that will be in the content
 Kumar et al., (2012)
 Craven et al., (2015)
4
Reference in APA format that will be
in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the
Journal Paper you are working on it)
Oueida, S., Aloqaily, M., & Ionescu, S. (2018). A smart healthcare reward model for resource
allocation in smart city. Multimedia Tools and Applications, 1-22.
Citation that will be in the content (Oueida et al., 2018)
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
http://10.1007/s11042-018-6647-4 Q2 Smart healthcare, E-health, Multimedia technologies,
Telemedicine, Reward system, Resource allocation,
23

Smart city
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/
... etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be
solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name: The
quality reward-based model was
developed to study and react to the
satisfaction factors of healthcare
systems, and proposes an optimization-
based algorithm called the Maximum
Reward Algorithm (MRA), that
enhances the use and delivery of
healthcare resources.
Tools: Optimization-based algorithm
called the Maximum Reward Algorithm
(MRA),
Applied Area:
Problem: Optimal healthcare systems are
particularly critical in cities, due to the
highly concentrated populations. This high
population increases the potential or harm
and damage in the case of negligence or
improper treatment. This can lead to
infections and disease outbreaks, which
could become epidemic situations and
require containment, which is very costly.
Motivated by the need for better usage and
management of healthcare resources,
which is crucial for reliable healthcare
delivery, this paper introduces a model that
can provide improved delivery and
utilization of resources. The quality
reward-based model was developed to
study and react to the satisfaction factors of
healthcare systems, and proposes an
optimization-based algorithm called the
Maximum Reward Algorithm (MRA), that
enhances the use and delivery of healthcare
resources.
Smart healthcare reward model consists of
a. Statistical model of reward system
b. Statistical model of patient’s satisfaction
c. Statistical analysis of owner’s satisfaction
24

Goal: To find a model to study and react to
the satisfaction factors of healthcare
systems, and proposes an optimization-
based algorithm that enhances the use and
delivery of healthcare resources.
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1 Statistical model of reward system: Patient
satisfaction, F1, is a factor of the average
waiting time a patient spends in the system,
and the level of care they receive from
medical resources. Patient satisfaction is
represented by:
F1 = η1e −x + η2F3 where
(i) x = (actual LoS - expected LoS) expected
LoS
(ii) η2 is the patient-medical resource
relationship
(iii) η1 + η2 = 1
η2 is affected by the culture and utilization
rate of the medical resource. Some medical
resources are negatively affected by their
high workload and therefore badly affect the
level of care they deliver to patients.
The concept is based on statistical models
and gives a theoretical base of the practical
outcome.
N/A
25

(iv) Actual LoS is the current patient’s LoS
(v) Expected LoS is the maximum expected
time duration a resource spends before
receiving the service.
2 The owner satisfaction, F2, is a factor of the
profit and the revenue. Therefore, in order to
experience an increase in the owner
satisfaction, the net profit must be increased.
F2 is represented by:
F2 = profit revenue
Where,
(i) Revenue is system gain regardless of the
cost paid
(ii) Revenue = k ∗ Payment
(iii) Payment is the money patients spend in
the system
(iv) k = number of patients arriving to the
system
(v) Profit is the net profit after paying all the
expenses for human resources, equipment,
material, etc.
(vi) Profit = Revenue - Total Expenses
(vii) Total Expenses represent salaries,
material, equipment
maintenance/replacement, etc.
N/A N/A
3 Medical resource satisfaction is a factor of
the levels of pay and workload. In order to
N/A N/A
26

guarantee high patient satisfaction, monthly
wages should be increased and daily
workload decreased. Medical resource
satisfaction, F3, is represented by:
where, m is the number of different medical
resource categories, such as: receptionists,
actual workers, transporters, and such. The
satisfaction of each category is defined by f
where fn is defined by:
Where,
(i) Delta n is a certain category of medical
resources
(ii) k is the number of medical resources in a
same category
(iii) X is the balance between pay and
workload for an medical resource belonging
to a
same category _
(iv) Xi = (W1 ∗ pay ) - (W2 ∗ workload)
(v) W1 +W2 = 1
27

(vi) pay = actual pay / maximum pay
(vii) workload = actual workload /
maximum workload
4 Model Application containing owners’s
satisfaction, Resource satisfaction, Patient
satisfaction
N/A N/A
5 The quality reward-based model was
developed to study and react to the
satisfaction factors of healthcare systems,
and proposes an optimization-based
algorithm called the Maximum Reward
Algorithm (MRA), that enhances the use
and delivery of healthcare resources
N/A N/A
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
1. Patient satisfaction (F1) NIL
2.Owner satisfaction (F2)
3.Medical resources satisfaction (F3)
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and Critical Thinking: Limitations of the
28

Why (Justify) research current solution, and Why
(Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
average waiting
time of a patient
Profit and revenue
levels of pay and
workload
Patient Satisfaction
(F1)
Owner’s
Satisfaction (F2)
Medical resources
satisfaction (F3)
Our cities are facing significant challenges
regarding services and resources, and the smart
city concept has emerged as the potential
resolution for all issues by employing its
capabilities and offering various services for
citizens. As discussed in this paper, the use of
multimedia technologies along with mobile
edge and cloud computing is very efficient in
enhancing medical services and especially
resource allocation and medical information
delivery. In this paper, we investigate and
discuss the importance of healthcare systems in
a smart city, and examine most of the
prominent difficulties. Healthcare resource
allocation is the most critical and annoying
issue for patients, medical resources and owner.
Motivated by the need to improve healthcare
resource allocation in emergency departments,
the paper introduces an effective utilization and
delivery model.
Through experimentation and simulation, we
prove that the proposed algorithm can provide
reliability, efficiency and optimal resource
utilization from 50.1% to 77.2%. In the future,
a new satisfaction factor F4 will be introduced
to the reward system. F4 reflects corporate
social responsibility (CSR) to help an
organization accomplish a goal, and also
serves as a guide to what a company offers to
patients. The CSR policy is a self-regulatory
mechanism whereby a business monitors and
ensures active compliance with the spirit of
the law, ethical standards and national and
international norms.
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is
valuable for your project
What is the Future work that set by the
author in Conclusion and Future work
section
29

This is a new concept and is useful to my
present project.
Diagram/Flowchart
30

Reference in APA format that will be in 'Reference List'
31

(This give the Reference of the Journal Paper that the author selected and improve it (State of art of his work))
 Islam, S. R., Kwak, D., Kabir, M. H., Hossain, M., & Kwak, K. S. (2015). The internet of things for health care: a comprehensive survey.
IEEE Access, 3, 678-708.
 Anjomshoa, F., Aloqaily, M., Kantarci, B., Erol-Kantarci, M., & Schuckers, S. (2017). Social behaviometrics for personalized devices in
the internet of things era. IEEE Access, 5, 12199-12213.
Citation that will be in the content
 Islam et al., (2015)
 Anjomshoa et al., (2017)
5
Reference in APA format that will be
in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the
Journal Paper you are working on it)
de la Torre Díez, I., Alonso, S. G., Hamrioui, S., Cruz, E. M., Nozaleda, L. M., & Franco, M. A.
(2019). IoT-Based Services and Applications for Mental Health in the Literature. Journal of medical
systems, 43(1), 11.
Citation that will be in the content (de la Torre Diez et al., 2019)
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
http://10.1007/s10916-018-1130-3 Q2 Applications, IoT, Mental-health, Sensors
32

The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/
... etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be
solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Review of the existing research works
in the literature, referring to the main
IoT services and applications in Mental
Health diseases. The scientific
databases used to carry out the review
are Google Scholar, IEEE Xplore,
PubMed, Science Direct, andWeb of
Science, taking into account as date of
publication the last 10 years, from 2008
to the present. Several search criteria
were established such as BIoT OR
Internet of Things AND (Application
OR Service) AND Mental Health
selecting the most interesting articles.
Tools:: In the present study, were taken
into account certain inclusion and
exclusion criteria to develop the
systematic review regarding
IoT services and applications in Mental
Health. The scientific databases used in
Problem: Since lot of research is taking
place all over the world on different
aspects of medical science, the health care
professionals have to update their
knowledge in an ongoing basis. Only
books and printed materials are not
sufficient in the fast changing
environment.
Goal:T he main objective of this paper is
to show a review of the existing research
works in the literature, referring to the
main IoT services and applications in
Mental Health diseases. The scientific
databases used to carry out the review are
Google Scholar, IEEE Xplore, PubMed,
Science Direct, andWeb of Science, taking
into account as date of publication the last
10 years, from 2008 to the present. Several
search criteria were established such as
BIoT OR Internet of Things AND
(Application OR Service) AND Mental
Health^ selecting the most interesting
Use of search engines to get different publications and
review publications on in the Health sector in general
and in specific areas such as Mental Health.
33

the review are: IEEE Xplore, Science
Direct, Google Scholar, PubMed and
Web of Science
Applied Area:
articles.
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1 In the present study, were taken into
account certain inclusion and exclusion
criteria to develop the systematic review
regarding IoT services and applications in
Mental Health. The scientific databases used
in the review are: IEEE Xplore, Science
Direct, Google Scholar, PubMed and Web
of Science. For searching these databases,
the following key terms were used: BIoT
OR Internet of Things AND (Application
OR Service) AND Mental Health^, both in
Spanish and English. These terms are
searched in Abstract / Title / Keywords,
from 2008 to the present. In Fig. 1 show the
search strategy used in this research.
For review reports searching existing
reports is the main criteria and the author
has correctly given the methodology of
search tools.
There is no problem in this operation
except some payment is involved to get
full access to some papers.
2 The selection process of the papers was
carried out in the following way: reading of
titles and abstracts of the results obtained.
N/A N/A
34

The selection criteria to take into account to
classify the paper were the following: 1]
Studies of IoT services inMental Health. 2]
Studies of IoT applications in Mental
Health. 3) Studies of IoT architectures in
Mental Health. 4) Studies of IoT protocols
in Mental Health. 5) Studies aimed at Health
in general and other types of pathologies are
eliminated..
The papers were classified by reading their
abstracts as well as the full paper when
necessary; all the articles repeated in more
than one database will be eliminated. A total
51 publications found 15 were duplicated or
with an irrelevant title for this research, the
remaining 36 studies were read and analysed
their abstracts to see which were of interest,
obtaining as a result 14 documents which
gave rise to relevant contributions. Next, in
the following section the most relevant
works found are shown and the main
architectures and applications found in the
literature are analysed.
3
4
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
35

Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Data or information from medical data bases Nil
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the
research current solution, and Why
(Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
Medical Data
Different reports by
using different
search parameters
The convergence of information technologies
and medicine, such as medical informatics, will
transformmedical care as we know it, reducing
costs, inefficiencies and saving lives.
The purpose of this review was to provide an
overview of state of the art in research on IoT
services, applications and architectures in
Mental Health diseases. The studies found
show the benefits of IoT in Mental Health as
well as applications and architectures
developed to improve the patient’s quality of
life with this type of disorder. Exposed the
No limitations observed.
36

results achieved in this review where the
existing publications were analyzed in the last
10 years, taking into account the studies
referring IoT services and applications in
Mental Health diseases, we propose as a future
work develop a new IoT service in Hospital
Zamora, Spain. Firstly, this service will be
focused to patients with dementia.
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is
valuable for your project
What is the Future work that set by the
author in Conclusion and Future work
section
This concept is useful for my present study as
I can use the concept for searching scientic
reports.
Diagram/Flowchart
37

Reference in APA format that will be in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the Journal Paper that the author selected and improve it (State of art of his work))
 Alam, M., Abedin, S., Al Ameen, M., & Hong, C. (2016). Web of objects based ambient assisted living framework for emergency
psychiatric state prediction. Sensors, 16(9), 1431.
Citation that will be in the content
 Alam et al., (2016)
38

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1
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URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
39

The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/
... etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be
solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1
2
3
4
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
40

Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the
research current solution, and Why
(Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is
valuable for your project
What is the Future work that set by the
author in Conclusion and Future work
section
Diagram/Flowchart
41

Reference in APA format that will be in 'Reference List'
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2
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Citation that will be in the content
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be
solved
What are the components of it?
42

... etc )
Technique/Algorithm name:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1
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5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
43

Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the
research current solution, and Why
(Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is
valuable for your project
What is the Future work that set by the
author in Conclusion and Future work
section
Diagram/Flowchart
Reference in APA format that will be in 'Reference List'
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(This give the Reference of the Journal Paper that the author selected and improve it (State of art of his work))
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3
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URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/
... etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be
solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name: Problem:
45

Tools:
Applied Area:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1
2
3
4
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
46

Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the
research current solution, and Why
(Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is
valuable for your project
What is the Future work that set by the
author in Conclusion and Future work
section
Diagram/Flowchart
Reference in APA format that will be in 'Reference List'
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4
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Journal Paper you are working on it)
Citation that will be in the content
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/
... etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be
solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
48

The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1
2
3
4
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the
research current solution, and Why
49

(Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is
valuable for your project
What is the Future work that set by the
author in Conclusion and Future work
section
Diagram/Flowchart
Reference in APA format that will be in 'Reference List'
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5
50

Reference in APA format that will be
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Journal Paper you are working on it)
Citation that will be in the content
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/
... etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be
solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
51

Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1
2
3
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5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the
research current solution, and Why
(Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
52

(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is
valuable for your project
What is the Future work that set by the
author in Conclusion and Future work
section
Diagram/Flowchart
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1
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The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/
... etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be
solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
54

1
2
3
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5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the
research current solution, and Why
(Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
55

(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is
valuable for your project
What is the Future work that set by the
author in Conclusion and Future work
section
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56

Citation that will be in the content
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(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/
... etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be
solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1
2
3
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4
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the
research current solution, and Why
(Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is
valuable for your project
What is the Future work that set by the
author in Conclusion and Future work
58

section
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The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/
... etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be
solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1
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5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
60

Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the
research current solution, and Why
(Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is
valuable for your project
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author in Conclusion and Future work
section
61

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The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be
What are the components of it?
62

Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/
... etc )
solved
Technique/Algorithm name:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1
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Dependent Variable Independent Variable
63

Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the
research current solution, and Why
(Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is
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author in Conclusion and Future work
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(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/
... etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be
solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name: Problem:
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Tools:
Applied Area:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1
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Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the
research current solution, and Why
(Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is
valuable for your project
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author in Conclusion and Future work
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The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be
solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Tools:
Problem:
Goal:
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Applied Area:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
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Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the
research current solution, and Why
(Justify)
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2
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etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
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Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
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Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
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Critical Thinking: Limitations of the research
current solution, and Why (Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
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(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is valuable
for your project
What is the Future work that set by the author
in Conclusion and Future work section
Diagram/Flowchart
Reference in APA format that will be in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the Journal Paper that the author selected and improve it (State of art of his work))
Citation that will be in the content
3
Reference in APA format that will be in
'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the Journal
Paper you are working on it)
Citation that will be in the content
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
73

The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1
2
3
4
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
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Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the research
current solution, and Why (Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is valuable
for your project
What is the Future work that set by the author
in Conclusion and Future work section
Diagram/Flowchart
75

Reference in APA format that will be in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the Journal Paper that the author selected and improve it (State of art of his work))
Citation that will be in the content
4
Reference in APA format that will be in
'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the Journal
Paper you are working on it)
Citation that will be in the content
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name: Problem:
76

Tools:
Applied Area:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1
2
3
4
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
77

Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the research
current solution, and Why (Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is valuable
for your project
What is the Future work that set by the author
in Conclusion and Future work section
Diagram/Flowchart
Reference in APA format that will be in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the Journal Paper that the author selected and improve it (State of art of his work))
Citation that will be in the content
78

5
Reference in APA format that will be in
'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the Journal
Paper you are working on it)
Citation that will be in the content
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
79

Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1
2
3
4
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the research
current solution, and Why (Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
80

(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is valuable
for your project
What is the Future work that set by the author
in Conclusion and Future work section
Diagram/Flowchart
Reference in APA format that will be in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the Journal Paper that the author selected and improve it (State of art of his work))
Citation that will be in the content
Version 5.0 _ Week 5 (5 Journal Papers from CSU Library)
1
Reference in APA format that will be in
'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the Journal
Paper you are working on it)
81

Citation that will be in the content
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1
2
3
4
82

5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the research
current solution, and Why (Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is valuable
for your project
What is the Future work that set by the author
in Conclusion and Future work section
83

Diagram/Flowchart
Reference in APA format that will be in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the Journal Paper that the author selected and improve it (State of art of his work))
Citation that will be in the content
2
Reference in APA format that will be in
'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the Journal
Paper you are working on it)
Citation that will be in the content
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
84

etc )
Technique/Algorithm name:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1
2
3
4
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
85

Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the research
current solution, and Why (Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is valuable
for your project
What is the Future work that set by the author
in Conclusion and Future work section
Diagram/Flowchart
Reference in APA format that will be in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the Journal Paper that the author selected and improve it (State of art of his work))
Citation that will be in the content
86

3
Reference in APA format that will be in
'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the Journal
Paper you are working on it)
Citation that will be in the content
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
87

The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1
2
3
4
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the research
current solution, and Why (Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
88

(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is valuable
for your project
What is the Future work that set by the author
in Conclusion and Future work section
Diagram/Flowchart
Reference in APA format that will be in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the Journal Paper that the author selected and improve it (State of art of his work))
Citation that will be in the content
4
Reference in APA format that will be in
'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the Journal
Paper you are working on it)
89

Citation that will be in the content
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1
2
3
4
90

5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the research
current solution, and Why (Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is valuable
for your project
What is the Future work that set by the author
in Conclusion and Future work section
91

Diagram/Flowchart
Reference in APA format that will be in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the Journal Paper that the author selected and improve it (State of art of his work))
Citation that will be in the content
5
Reference in APA format that will be in
'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the Journal
Paper you are working on it)
Citation that will be in the content
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
92

etc )
Technique/Algorithm name:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1
2
3
4
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
93

Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the research
current solution, and Why (Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is valuable
for your project
What is the Future work that set by the author
in Conclusion and Future work section
Diagram/Flowchart
Reference in APA format that will be in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the Journal Paper that the author selected and improve it (State of art of his work))
Citation that will be in the content
94

© Dr Abeer Alsadoon 2018_CSU Sydney Study Centre
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