Impact of Technology on Communication

This assignment delves into the profound influence of technology on communication. It analyzes various technological innovations, such as fiber optics, microprocessors, and the Internet of Things (IoT), and their effects on communication speed, efficiency, and accessibility. The discussion also encompasses the implications of these advancements for privacy, security, and social interaction.

Running head: INTERNET OF THINGS
Internet of Things
Name of student-
Name of University-
Author Note-

1INTERNET OF THINGS
Answer to Question 1
a. “The best interface for a system is no User Interface”- Using User Interface, we
think only about screens that is simply depended on model which is
constitutionally unnatural, contains diminishing nature and are inhumane. To
make these user interface usable, greater knowledge of talent is required along
with more time and money. Only a small improvement comes out after all these
efforts. The best way is the no user interface path (Rayes & Salam, 2017). A no
user interface produces a design in which there are no digital interfaces. It
provides a simple and easy technology without the use if interfaces. To enhance
natural processes, interfaces should be eliminated. Instead of catering the
computers, less influence should be given to them. A system should be created
that consists of the involvement of humans rather than machines.
b. Easy User Interface- Examples of Difficult user Interface are:
 User Interface used in Windows 8 mobile- Windows 8 has introduced a
mobile version similar as the desktop version of the windows in 2012
(Staff, 2017). The phone with windows OS looks similar as the desktop
version that contains tiles of multiple applications
 Nest Thermostat- Nest Thermostat is used as house hold material for
making the room hot when needed and cold when there is need of cold. It
is a user interface that has only a single switch for changing the
temperature of the house.

2INTERNET OF THINGS
Difficult User Interface- The following are the two examples of easy user
interface:
 Convertbot Circular Menu- Convertbot is one of the user interfaces
that are difficult to use as compared to other user interface. This
convertbot is used in iPhones (Shack, 2017). It is used to convert the
basic units in a circular motion. The features that are included in the
convertbot are smooth textures and colors, smooth functioning and the
slick animation that makes the iPhone to use with ease.
 Parallax effect- Scrolling effect of parallax is like 3D illusion where
the background is divided into many layers which make a movement
with different speed when they are scrolled. This a high technique of
user interface where the website divided itself in many parts which are
accessed by moving the side back and forth button that comes on the
screen.
c. Easy User Interface:
Windows 8 mobile

3INTERNET OF THINGS
Nest Thermostat
Difficult User Interface:
Convertbot Circular Menu

4INTERNET OF THINGS
Parallax effect
d. The difficult user interface makes it difficult for the user to use the system
whereas easy user interface makes the system very easy so that the user can use
them without any difficulties.

5INTERNET OF THINGS
Answer to Question 2
a. Fig: Table comparing between twisted pair, coaxial cable and fibre optic cable
(Hecht, 2015).
Features Twisted Pair Coaxial Cable Fibre Optic
Bandwidth 16 MHz- 2000MHZ 10 MHz 500MHz-1000MHz
Distance 100 meter approx 500 meter approx 550 meter approx
Interference
rating
Low noise cancellation Higher compared to
twisted pair
Highest interference
rate
Cost Cheapest medium Moderately expensive Highly expensive
Security Low security Moderate security Highly secured cable
b. Fig: Table showing examples of twisted pair, coaxial cable and fibre optic cable
(Miguelez, Esser & Slowik, 2015).
Types Example 1 Example 2 Example 3
Twisted Pair Modern line and
telephone wires
Terminal systems
those are old.
Example- IBM 3270
10GBASE-T Ethernet
over single cable
Coaxial Cable Television antenna
and receiver
Radio mast and
receiver
Equipment control of
digital satellite
Fibre Optic Fibre Fuse Free space coupling Cable construction

6INTERNET OF THINGS
c. The cables are used as in many parts of daily life which includes networking in its
use. The twisted pairs are used in telephone wires in a twisted way so that to
cancel the noise that comes in communication.
Answer to Question 3
a. Fig: Table showing advantages, disadvantages, key requirements and examples of
sensors, RFID and Video tracking (Velandia et al., 2016).
Types Advantages Disadvantages Key
Requireme
nts
Examples
Sensor  Does not
need wiring.
 New
devices can
be
accommoda
ted.
 Less
secure.
 Surroundin
gs can
trouble
easily
Sensor
based
devices.
1. Home Security Model
2. MABO
RFID  RFID tags
stores more
information.
 RFID is
versatile.
 It is costly.
 Coverage
range is
small.
RFID tag
and
detecting
devices.
1. Real Hospital laundry
Management application
2. RFID tags in Products of
Shopping Malls
Video  Reduce  Requires Camera and 1. Used in Retailers

7INTERNET OF THINGS
Tracking operating
expenses.
 Helps to
locate
assets.
cell data
coverage.
 Requires a
monthly
fee.
viewing
machine.
2. Used in Banking Sectors
Answer to Question 4
Security from IoT devices- The security that are provided from the Internet of Things
devices are-
Confidentiality
Freshness
Integrity
Authenticity
Availability
Privacy from IoT devices- The privacy that are achieved from IoT devices are mainly of
two types- Data Oriented Privacy and Context-Oriented Privacy.
Data Oriented Privacy- Data oriented privacy are the privacy that controls the data of a
system. This is divided into two categories (Bertino, 2016). External type- in this type of attack,
the person who is not authorized with the network gets to know about the data communication
that is held between the nodes of the sensors. Internal type- the node of this network is firstly

8INTERNET OF THINGS
captured and then reprogrammed by the attackers to get those private data. This is much
dangerous than the external type.
Context-Oriented Privacy- The contextual information of a system is protected by this
context oriented protection of privacy. Contextual information are those which provides timing
and location that are transmitted over the signals.
Answer to Question 5
Given: Triggering time: 1s
Round trip propagation delay between sensor and application: 12ms
Time for processing each request: 3ms
To send or receive any message: 2ms
Total time taken by the application is: 1ms + 12ms + 3ms + 2ms = 18ms
. The budget of time that is saved is 18ms. The application that is designed will be
more efficient that the model that is present.
Answer to Question 6
a. Neilsen law states that the bandwidth that is available with the connections of
high end broadband will increase by half of its available bandwidth each year,
which leads to compound growth of 57x in capacity in ten years (Eckhardt et al.,
2015). The model’s strength is shown in the fact that is true for more than 15
years.

9INTERNET OF THINGS
b. Moore Law is a reliable law and computes the working speed of microprocessors,
lessen the cost of the storage and the number of megapixel that a phone’s camera
can load. The inexpensive transistors that can be placed in a microchip become
doubles in 18 months.
c. Comparison: Neilsen stated that that connection of high end broadband will
increase by 50% every year whereas Moore stated that it doubles itself in every 18
months. The law stated by Jakob Neilsen is is 10% less than Moore’s Law.

10INTERNET OF THINGS
References
Bertino, E. (2016, December). Data privacy for IoT systems: concepts, approaches, and research
directions. In Big Data (Big Data), 2016 IEEE International Conference on (pp. 3645-
3647). IEEE.
Eckhardt, S., Quennehen, B., Oliviè, D. J. L., Berntsen, T. K., Cherian, R., Christensen, J. H., ...
& Herber, A. (2015). Current model capabilities for simulating black carbon and sulfate
concentrations in the Arctic atmosphere: a multi-model evaluation using a comprehensive
measurement data set. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 15(16), 9413-9433.
Hecht, J. (2015). Understanding fiber optics. Jeff Hecht.
Miguelez, P., Esser, S. M., & Slowik, F. (2015). U.S. Patent No. 8,958,694. Washington, DC:
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
Rayes, A., & Salam, S. (2017). Internet of Things (IoT) Overview. In Internet of Things From
Hype to Reality (pp. 1-34). Springer International Publishing.
Shack. (2017). Designshack.net. Retrieved 26 August 2017, from
https://designshack.net/articles/graphics/15-in-depth-examples-of-addictive-user-
experience/
Staff, C. (2017). 5 innovative examples of user interface design. Creative Bloq. Retrieved 26
August 2017, from http://www.creativebloq.com/web-design/user-interface-design-
2131842