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Introduction of Management | Report

   

Added on  2020-05-08

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Running head: Introduction of management Introduction of management
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Introduction of management IntroductionThe report focuses on how scientific management and human relationship managementhas contributed to the modern management. It is a brief approach to make the readersunderstand the importance of the two approaches in an effective way. The comparison of the twotheories and the other aspects clears the idea of readers about the two management theories. Itexplains that how scientific management theory and modern management theory contribute inmodern management theory and practices. Scientific managementThe father of scientific management who developed the theory of scientific managementin relation to management is Fredrick Winslow Taylor. The principles of scientific managementdepicted by Taylor discusses that the scientific management is an approach of hiring men to dowhat they want to achieve the goals and objectives (Stergiou and Decker, 2011). Themanagement only has to ensure that whatever they do is in the favor of business and also uses thecheapest way while working on any task assigned to them by the company. Taylor proposed theidea of scientific management in order to oppose the old idea of the rule of thumb that companiesused to follow. The approach he took to accomplish this theory was by breaking the humanactivities and assigning the particular task to the employees individually. According to him, thiswill take less time and the outputs of the work will come in an effective way. He usedstandardized tools for the effective business approach. The theories made by him weresatisfactory and resulted in maintaining a discipline in the workplace (Corley and Gioia, 2011).Human relationship theoryThe theories of human relationship management were developed by Hawthorne but it wasconducted by Professor Elton Mayo. The major area that Hawthorne focused on was the effect ofmotivation and productivity on employees or on a group of people working in the organization.The models created in the use of human relationship management are effective and efficientwhich inspires the employees to get self-motivated. This enhances their working in theorganization (Datta, Mitra, Paramesh and Patwardhan, 2011). The theory of human relationshipmanagement started in the early years of 1920. This was the time when people saw industrial2
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Introduction of management revolution (Pierce and Aguinis, 2013). During the time the main focus of the industries was inthe business production. At that time Professor Elton Mayo started experimenting over hisstudies of human relationships. His main aim of the study was to let the industries know aboutthe importance of people for production than that of machines. He argued to the thought ofgiving more importance to people working in the organization than to the machines which are atotal waste without them. The theory makes the people believe about their desires to work for thecompany and to support them in facilitating growth and success. This encourages the employeesto participate in the function of business in order to get special attention because of their work(Smith and Lewis, 2011). This motivates them to work more significantly in order to get creditfor their high quality of work. The results of theories after being imposed on the business provedthat the factor responsible for influencing the increased production is ‘relationship’ (Fiedler,2012). Comparison of the two schools of managementThe main objective of scientific management is to develop science by replacing the oldpattern of ‘rule of thumb’ used by the management. Managing factories by the method of ‘rule ofthumb’ made them handle the situation raised but they had to suffer from the approach of trialand error; Whereas, in the theory of human relationships, the attitude of workers depends on theproductivity (Trevarthen, 2011).Taylor objected on the point of letting workers choose their tasks on their own and get trained inbest possible manner. He suggested they should be trained by scientific approach of gettinginvolved in a specific task. In human relationship theory, the workplace is a system that showsthe effect of individual’s behavior which is a way of supervising the work done by the employees(Hatch and Cunliffe, 2013).The organization that follows the scientific management approach ensures that the conduction ofthe work is carried out scientifically. This develops a good cooperation among the workers andthe management. The studies of human relationship management showed the collaborationbetween worker and management by assisting employees to adjust in the organizationalenvironment (Bolden, 2011).3
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