Obesity refers to excessive fat and weight

Introduction
Obesity refers to excessive fat and weight, which poses a major risk factor in health. People with obesity suffer from a number of diseases and impacts individual, communities as well as population. It leads to a lower health quality that can lead to early deaths
(Huse et al., 2018). To define the term obesity, it can be said with the medical term that, it is a condition that is described with the excessive body fat that negatively impact upon the overall health of the human being. In the medical terms, it is defined with the body
mass index (BMI) and also evaluated with the term of fat that is distributed in the areas of waist-hip ratio and its impact on the cardiovascular risk factors. In Australia, the generic reason responsible for obesity are the eating habits of the common people.
Consuming excessive food than required, consuming highly energetic foods, foods with sugar and fats without lesser amount of physical activities are the observed situation that gives birth to obesity issues in human body. On the other hand, there are certain
medical situation that also gives birth to obesity it includes polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), Prader-Willi Syndrome, Cushing Syndrome, Hypothyroidism, and osteoarthritis. Hence, these are the probable situations that gives birth to the serious health related
threat namely obesity.Obesity in Australia
Obesity in Australia
In order to combat obesity it is necessary to concentrate more on food habits and
creating a healthy food environment. It can make changes in the following issues-
1. It can put tax on unhealthy foods and can disallow advertising of junk foods
(Peeters, 2018).
2. Sugary and sweetened drinks can be made taxable.
3. Sports events must be stopped from using junk food sponsorships.
4. Changes should be made in Health Star Rating Scheme for addressing issues
related to designs and thereafter making it mandatory for all packaged foods.
5. Community educational strategies and awareness strategies should be focused
upon for improvement of nutrition.
6. Along with the schools, the family members need to perform for fun full activities to
burn calories at home.
7. Along with the educational strategies, the community needs to incorporate the
weight training regime. It may include activity of aerobics and others.
8. The government can generate incentive programs for the supermarkets to
underserved neighbourhoods. The government can also restrict the time period for
serving fast food according to the community structure.
9. The task force of 2009 released that by the end of 2020 the government will
develop a whole-of-government strategy for preventing obesity.
10. It will focus on the measure to reduce the exposure of children to the marketing
products of unhealthy junk foods and beverages on various platforms including the
television and other platforms.
11. The government became committed for supporting program of comprehensive diet
for the children covering the age group of 5 - 10.
1. Australia has already made strong commitments to fight the increasing obesity.
2. Increase in access to healthier options at affordable, rates.
3. Increasing the availability of fresh fruits and vegetables.
4. Obesity prevention expansion support structure.
5. ANGELO Framework to be implemented for social analysis and stakeholder
engagement, which will help in promoting health promotion processes.
6. Awareness and education on ill effects of obesity to be started at the school level
(Hayes et al., 2016). This would enable the children to be more health conscious and
childhood obesity will reduce.
7. Parents, specially the mothers need to be educated with the concept of proper nutrition
and the consequences of obesity.
8. A national surveillance for educating the community about obesity, grant-based subsidy
programs for food, zoning facility for distributing food, school and university based
nutrition programs, guidelines for dietary, and marketing and pricing policies need to be
taken by the government.
9. Controlling the epidemic nature of obesity in Australia with right measures.
10. The obesity policy coalition (OPC) is the program that produce the preventive measures
for diseases including obesity, cancer, and diabetes.
Impact of Obesity
1. Around 25% of the children from 2 to 17 years were obese in the year 2017-2018.
2. 67% of adults were overweight in 2017-18.
3. The Australian adult obesity increased from 19% in 1995 to 31% in 2017-2018.
4. About 8.4% of the diseases caused are because of obesity.
5. Weight loss surgery of about 22,700 was recorded in the year 2017-2018 as compared
to 9,300 in the year 2005-2006.
6. In Australia, 7% of health burden is because of overweight and obesity.
45% of osteoarthritis has occurred because of overweight and obesity.
7. The maximum obesity burden is experienced between the 45 to 84 years of age
8. Largest impact of obesity is visible on people over the age group of 75.
9. 31% of the people from indigenous people fall into the category of obesity.
10. First generation immigrants are more obese than the white Australians.
11. There are 137% increase in the diabetic cases reasoning obesity.
12. Considering the diet plan, 40% of the Australian diet is comprised of junk foods or
foods containing preservatives.
13. The statistics also presumes that at the end of the year 2025, 83% of the male and
75% of the females will be observed with the disease related to obesity.
1. It causes type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes doubles the risk of death. It leads to heart
problems, stroke, kidney diseases, impotence, blindness, stroke, amputations, circulatory
and nerve defects (Sainsbury et al., 2018).
2. Hypertension is another impact of obesity. Hyper tension leads to coronary heart diseases,
congestive heart failures, strokes and kidney diseases.
3. Obesity also leads to cancer. It can cause about 90,000 deaths from cancer in just one
year. The increase in the mass of the body causes the risk of cancers (Schetz et al., 2019).
It causes cervical cancer, prostate cancer, thyroid cancer, ovarian cancer, gallbladder
cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, multiple myeloma and so on.
4. It leads to respiratory disorders. Around 50 to 60 percent of the people suffer from
obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). OSA causes cardiac death and strokes.
5. Heart disease is very common in case of obesity.
6. It also leads to disc herniation, back pain, spinal disorders, joint diseases and
Pseudotumor cerebri (Andersen, Murphy & Fernandez, 2016).
7. The Australian Federal Government considers the problem of obesity as one of the
components of “national health policies”.
8. The impact of obesity is highly impacting the maternal issues in Australia. Obesity during
pregnancy is defined with the BMI of 30.33kg/m square or more.
9. Obesity can be one of the reasons of chronic diseases in the young generation of
Australia. This is one of the growing reason of economic burden in the entire
Australia.
10.Minimizing the concept of physical activity from the life cycle of Australian citizens.
Statistics Changes
Action Plan
Andersen, C. J., Murphy, K. E., & Fernandez, M. L. (2016). Impact of obesity and metabolic syndrome on immunity. Advances in Nutrition, 7(1), 66-75.
Hayes, A., Chevalier, A., D'Souza, M., Baur, L., Wen, L. M., & Simpson, J. (2016). Early childhood obesity: Association with healthcare expenditure in Australia. Obesity, 24(8), 1752-1758.
Huse, O., Hettiarachchi, J., Gearon, E., Nichols, M., Allender, S., & Peeters, A. (2018). Obesity in Australia. Obesity research & clinical practice, 12(1), 29-39.
Peeters, A. (2018). Obesity and the future of food policies that promote healthy diets. Nature Reviews Endocrinology, 14(7), 430-437.
Sainsbury, E., Hendy, C., Magnusson, R., & Colagiuri, S. (2018). Public support for government regulatory interventions for overweight and obesity in Australia. BMC Public Health, 18(1), 513.
References