Introduction on Information Technology Sample Assignment

Introduction to Information
Technology

ABSTRACT
Information technology is highly influencing the business's profitability at worldwide
level. Tesco plc is using Information technology software for driving their business towards
success. The Study has been identified the role of IT. Furthermore, it has discussed the social and
ethical issues that are associated with the technology. It has explained the different types of
networking technologies. Assignment has been determined the importance of Intranet and
Internet in the business. Lastly, it has explained the various Stages of System development life
cycle.

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK...............................................................................................................................................1
The role of Information technology to drive a business towards success or failure....................1
Ethical and Social issues of technology that concern to running organization ...........................2
Differentiate between various types of networking technologies...............................................4
Importance of Internet and Intranet for an enterprise..................................................................4
Different stage of System development life cycle.......................................................................5
ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION...................................................................................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
Information technology plays very crucial role in modern business. It refers to use of
various computer software's in order to store, transfer, manipulate and retrieve data. IT leads to
increase the productivity of an organization along with providing cost and time saving benefits.
Project report is based on Tesco plc as company is using Information technology for
driving there business towards success. The firm is merchandise retailer and grocery dealer in
UK. The company is established in the year 1919 by Jack Cohen. It is one of the largest
supermarket chain across the globe.
Assignment will outline the role of information technology in chosen enterprise. It will
discuss the social and ethical issues that pertain an organization. Furthermore, it will differentiate
between different types of networking technologies. The Study will explain the Significance of
Intranet and Internet for the firm. Lastly, it will discuss various stage of System development life
cycle.
TASK
The role of Information technology to drive a business towards success or failure
Information technology has significant importance to drive the business of Tesco plc
towards success. As per the view of the Vaishnaviand Kuechler, 2015, it is stated that IT is
helpful in processing the business transactions and enabling the customers, suppliers and
distributors to interact easily with the enterprise. The Managers of the firm are using IT
effectively in order to implement the administrative work in the company. The organization is
indulged with providing the security to the employees with the help of IT System software. The
Tesco plc is using computer aided designing, spreadsheets and other software programming in
order to increase the productivity of the business.
Tesco plc is using Management information system as it supports the decision-making in
the organization. The company collect the information by analytical processing viva internet.
The data of the managers and employees have been collected through decentralized computing
with the help of the Data management software. It is helpful in providing the salaries and wages
of the employees and workers on timely basis. According to the Vaishnavi and Kuechler, 2015
, it is stated that the Managers are also using IT for giving training to their employees viva digital
monitors. The Human Resource department of the Tesco plc is also facilitated with the
1

automated recruitment and selection process with the help of BambooHR. 4.8 software. By
using SaaS business model the overall efficiency of the organization get increased.
As per the view of the Theis and Wong, 2017, it is stated that Business Performance
management is IT tool that helps to derive the business financial status. It is helpful in
monitoring the performance of the Tesco plc. Enterprise is using Block chain system for
recording the finance transactions. The Company is using various supply chain management
software in their supermarkets such as Oracle supply Chain Management. It is helpful for the
manager to put an eye on goods, finances and data for timely delivery of the products from
warehouses to the stores. As it informs when inventory levels are below average. Thus, IT is
helpful in improving the profitability of the enterprise.
According to the Stein, Newell, Wagner and Galliers, 2015, it is stated that IT is helpful
for taking the competitive edge over the competitors. As it is helpful for improving the business
processes and in retaining the customer loyalty. It is helpful in performing the business tasks in
considerably lower cost and time. Tesco plc targeted projects accomplished on timely basis with
the help of IT. The Company use IT software's for communicating between various
departments. It is helpful in maintaining synchronization among various departments of the firm
such as Finance, Marketing, Production and Sales. For communicate anything they used business
class emails and IT mobile services. This is helpful in maintaining coordination between the
departments. It facilitates conducive working environment in the organization.
As per the view of the Roztocki and Weistroffer, 2015, it is stated that organizations are
using IT for storing, collecting and dissemble the data. Tesco plc is using various website for
doing promotional activities. The company has launched their own app with the help of the IT
software. They are providing the Loyalty cards as the customers are using their app. This make
enable to gather the data of their loyal customers for providing them discounting offers. Thus,
this leads to increase customers satisfaction in the company.
Ethical and Social issues of technology that concern to running organization
According to the Passey and Samways, 2016, it is stated that Technoethics are the ethical
and moral aspects which are related to the technology in terms of the society welfare. It provides
the insights to the ethical dimensions. It refers to adopting the legal practices of technological
systems in the business. The focused of the ethical principles is to protect the society from the
issue of the technology.
2

It deliberated fair information practices in the Tesco plc. The company is in privacy
concern as in today's world there is issue of secrecy to the business. The data and confidential
information is easily transferred to others firms by the hackers. This can affect the firm's
profitability in the negative terms. The company is running various programs for making there
customers aware from the cyber crimes. The credit and debit card fraud is also major concern of
the customers while making payments at the time of doing online shopping. Advance free fraud
is also vulnerable nowadays. The customers get trapped in these while doing online shopping as
in this fraud the hacker impersonality themselves to the user by showcasing as the official
website of the Tesco plc. Thus, the customers make payments unknowingly and get trapped.
Tesco plc is using E-mail system for doing conversions with their traders. Thus, while
transmitting the information there is chance that trade secrets are leaked from some third party
authority. The company need to be concious while doing E-mail attachment to avoid the piracy
issues. Spyware is also another concern of the firm as they sneakily installed on employees
computers. The computer virus can damaged the firm important data. Network firewall is
another crime to leak the user confidential information to some other party.
Copyright infringement is also wrong from the moral perspective. Tesco plc take strict
actions if the find that there copyright materials are being used by some other party without
acknowledging them. Click fraud is also in trend. The unwanted advertisement is being
displayed on the customer's computer screen when they are searching for Tesco plc original
website. These click fraudster earn money through pay per click. Thus, the company reputation
get affected through such frauds as customers are unaware about the original site of the firm.
Identity theft is also major concern as the hacker make fake websites and use company's name on
their portal and provide wrongful information about them. Thus, this affect the brand image of
the companies like Tesco plc.
As per the view of the Hills, 2018, it is stated that organizations need to use licensing
software in order to secure themselves from the security issues. They need to train the employees
for using ICT and MIS software system carefully in the firm. They need to take decisions for
safely disposing the used hardware equipments as they still contain the confidentiality
information of the company. The company must adhere the rules fort changing the passwords
through this company information remain private. As the Tesco plc is using social website for
3

advertising their products. Thus, the improper use of Information technology can lead towards
problems.
Differentiate between various types of networking technologies
Basis LAN WAN MAN
Meaning LAN refers to the local
area network in which
its excess restrict to the
local area.
WAN means wide area
network its connectivity
exceeds to the wider
level.
MAN refers to the
Metropolitan area
network it provides
connectivity to the
district level.
Coverage This network is able to
connect the limited area
such as in company.
The large geographical
area has been covered
under this network such
as country and at global
level.
This provides
networking up-to a
district level.
Data transferability This type of network has
high bandwidth for data
transfer.
VAN network has Low
information measure in
order to data
transferability.
This type of Data has
moderate bandwidth.
Ownership LAN has private
ownership
This type of network
has distributed
ownership as this have
private and public
ownership.
MAN can either be
private or public
ownership both.
Data Speed The data speed of LAN
is high and in between
100 and 1000 Mbps.
VAN has lower data
transfer speed as it has
scope between 410 and
20 Mbps because it has
range at global level.
MAN has data speed
up-to 100 Mbps.
Connectivity range The LAN network can
cover the limited area
upto 100 to 1000 metre.
It can cover the area
up-to 100,000
kilometres.
It can cover the region
to the 100 kilometres.
Importance of Internet and Intranet for an enterprise
Internet – The Internet consists of interconnected network of computer that provide information
and data facilities.
Intranet – It refers to the private network that is used by the companies and organization for
their personal purpose.
4

Importance of Internet and Intranet for Tesco plc
Tesco plc is using internet for improving the productivity of the organization. They use
Internet for doing marketing research. To collect the data and information they take help of the
internet in order to analysis the current market trend and demand of the customers. Thus, this
will lead to increase the customer's satisfaction in the organization. As per the view of the
Hawkridge, Vincent and Hales, 2018, it is stated that the company is also asking about the
feedbacks from their customers on regular basis on their official websites viva internet. This is
helpful for making further improvements in their existing products. To build the good
relationship with the customers it is essential.
For doing communication in the Tesco plc the internet play vast role. The managers and
employees use internet for doing email and private message. They also used telecommunication
for interacting with one another. According to the Cui,, Ye and Li, 2015, it is stated that the
HR department of company also used internet for doing recruitment. They put job advertisement
on their official website viva internet through which the candidates get to know that post is
vacant in the firm. As Tesco plc has online channel through which the customers get benefited of
the online shopping experience. The product information in terms of size, colour, range and price
is available on the internet. Thus, the customers can purchase the suitable product from them
viva internet. Therefore, this will increase the customer satisfaction in the Tesco plc.
As per the view of the Carter, 2015, it is stated that Intranet is helpful for fulfilling the
digital communication need of an organization. This is helpful in communicating between the
staff and employees of the Tesco plc. As per the view of the Avgerou and Walsham, 2017, it is
stated that Intranet provides speedy in the workflow and helps to improve overall productivity of
an organization. This is helpful in reducing the error in Tesco plc. It facilitates the easy sharing
of the resources. For doing collaborative working the Intranet is helpful (Benefits of intranets
and extranets, 2019.). The Managers use Intranet for giving training to the employees of the
firm,. They use visualized and digital monitors for giving practical training to the staff members.
The customer service can improvised through this as it provides access to accurate information in
order to enhance the service level (Benefits of intranets and extranets, 2019). For publishing the
business news and giving it to directories the intranet is useful medium to share information.
5

Different stage of System development life cycle
The System development life cycle refers to the transformation of developed software
into the functional one. It consists of the seven steps which are discussed below -
 Planning – The first phase identify the problem and evaluate the solutions to resolve the
identified problem.
 Systems Analysis and Requirements – The second step determine the functional
requirements of the task. In this phase the user ensure that newly generated system meets
the exceptions level.
 System Design – This phase identifies that the features and specifications of the
developed software meet the operational requirements or not.
 Development – The production activity get started in this particular phase. The software
development get proceed (System Analysis & Design - System Planning, 2019).
 Integration and Testing – In this stage the newly developed system is being tested in
order to determine whether it is meeting the business goal or not.
 Implementation – This is the implementing stage under this the newly project is being
placed in the business.
 Operations and Maintenance – This stage is of evaluating the performance of the
developed software and further do maintenance in it. Thus, it is being determined under
maintenance phase that the newly build software work properly or not and if not make
necessary improvements in it.
6

ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION
From the above study it has been analysis that Information technology has significant
importance to drive the business of Tesco plc towards attainment of goals. Company use IT
software's efficiently for managing the administrative work in the firm. IT is useful for
communicating between various departments of the company. Through using various internet
websites and social media channel the firm does promotional activities. Tesco plc is using
various IT softwares such as Data management, SaaS business model, BambooHR. 4.8 software
and Management information system to increase the organization productivity. Internet is useful
to collect the data and information of marketing research whereas Intranet is helpful in doing
communication between the staff and worker of the Tesco plc. Lastly, it has been evaluated that
System development life cycle consists of 7 phrases.
CONCLUSION
It has been concluded from the above study that Information technology plays vast role in
driving the business of the firm towards success. The company is using various System software
for increasing the firm's productivity such as MIS, SaaS and BambooHR. 4.8. It has been
summarized that company is using Oracle supply Chain Management to control the inventory
levels.
Furthermore, it has been determined from project report that there is three type of
Networking technologies namely, LAN, WAN and MAN. It has been summarized that
administrator use Internet for giving training to the workers of the firm whereas Intranet provides
access to accurate content in order to enhance the service levels of the customers. Lastly, it has
been determined the System development life cycle.
7

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Avgerou, C. and Walsham, G. eds., 2017. Information technology in context: Studies from the
perspective of developing countries: Studies from the perspective of developing
countries. Routledge.
Carter, M., 2015. Me, my self, and I (T): conceptualizing information technology identity and its
implications. Mis Quarterly.39(4).
Cui, T., Ye, H.J., Teo, H.H. and Li, J., 2015. Information technology and open innovation: A
strategic alignment perspective. Information & Management.52(3).pp.348-358.
Hawkridge, D., Vincent, T. and Hales, G., 2018. New information technology in the education of
disabled children and adults. Routledge.
Hills, J., 2018. Information technology and industrial policy. Routledge.
Passey, D. and Samways, B. eds., 2016. Information Technology: supporting change through
teacher education. Springer.
Roztocki, N. and Weistroffer, H.R., 2015. Information and communication technology in
transition economies: An assessment of research trends. Information Technology for
Development.21(3).pp.330-364.
Stein, M.K., Newell, S., Wagner, E.L. and Galliers, R.D., 2015. Coping with Information
Technology: Mixed Emotions, Vacillation, and Nonconforming Use Patterns. Mis
Quarterly.39(2).pp.367-392.
Theis, T.N. and Wong, H.S.P., 2017. The end of moore's law: A new beginning for information
technology. Computing in Science & Engineering.19(2).p.41.
Vaishnavi, V.K. and Kuechler, W., 2015. Design science research methods and patterns:
innovating information and communication technology. Crc Press.
Online
Benefits of intranets and extranets. 2019. [Online]. Available through :
<https://www.nibusinessinfo.co.uk/content/benefits-intranet>.
System Analysis & Design - System Planning. 2019. [Online]. Available through :
<https://www.tutorialspoint.com/system_analysis_and_design/system_analysis_and_de
sign_development_life_cycle.htm>.
8