IT Report: Information Technology in Business and its Applications

This report provides an in-depth analysis of Information Technology (IT) within the context of a business, specifically referencing Aviva plc. It begins with an introduction to IT and its significance in modern organizations, emphasizing its role in enhancing efficiency and effectiveness. The literature revi...Read More

Introduction to
information technology

EXCLUSIVE SUMMARY
IT is an essential facet for the organisations as to work in a sophisticated nation where
innovations have been modified on continue basics. Utilization of IT creates simple atmosphere
with in the business enterprise as it saves time and imparts quality and uniformity with in the
enterprise. This reports involve the overall logical thinking and discussion about the theories and
studies of acts in IT, various kinds of networking expertise, benefits of internet and intranet,
social issues. With that all the obdurate the brief analysis of various formation of life cycle of
system expansion and types of material system.

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................1
Function of IT in the success or failure of a business ................................................................1
Analyse ethical and social issues connected with businesses.....................................................3
Determine between several types of networking technologies. .................................................4
Explain importance of internet and intranet................................................................................6
Discuss the importance of social media in a business,................................................................7
Several stages of system development life cycle........................................................................7
ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION...................................................................................................9
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
IT is defined as the study of computers and technologies any of the electrical engineering
promotion which is used through organisation strength the presentation and productiveness of the
enterprise. It defines the procedure and devices that leads innovation, development, gathering
dissemination and storage of the data or information. Information technology helps the
enterprises in survive and succeed in the sophisticated world as it plays an important role in new
life. It increases the operation of the organisation by enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness
as it saves the time, cost and efforts (Lloyd, 2020). This report is depending upon Aviva plc is
one of the biggest insurance organisation, which is British multinational insurance organisation
which the headquarter in London, United Kingdom which was founded in 2000. Aviva plc also
gives the pensions along with the insurance. This report involves the various perception of act of
information technology in the enterprises with that defines with ethical and social issue that refer
in the enterprises. It involves the several types of information technologies which have been used
through the Aviva plc. After that involving benefits and the requirement of internet and intranet,
which elaborates the different stages of the system improvement life cycles
LITERATURE REVIEW
Function of IT
As per the author point of view Abid afzal.b 2020, information technology has various
act in the excellence of the enterprise. Innovations carries thing innovative and smarter that
portion appropiate nature and value with the production that would makeshift through utilize
techniques of information. current scenario, digital marketing, digital communication, social
networking etc. The business could acquire their aims and objectives with in a particular period
of time and with that keep maintain the long-time durability with the help of Information
Technology (Avgerou and Walsham, 2017). Optimised outcome has been acquired through the
enterprise by using information technology are as enterprise planning, effective marketing,
systematic administration, consumer support, real time monitoring, global sales along with the
several factors. Information technology in the enterprise has a various importance as it gives
correctly within the organisation. It has been justify with the two decade that the organisation
who invest in information technology that company able to generate the huge market share.
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Information technology gives the possibility to analyse the financial and other factor of the
enterprise to measurement the upcoming aims and objectives. The overview of the information
technology organisation create the plan to overcome from several situation (Rajaraman, 2018).
Technologies plays important role in the success of the Aviva plc which is given below.
Decision making: To build and interest the correct decision with in enterprise speed and
correctly are the important factors, if the organisation wants to acquire the growth and
development within the enterprise then they must inset the excellent decisions plan of action at
the appropriate time. Market research can be done through using online link authentication,
group discussion with the help of (WWW) world wide web blogs etc. enterprises also uses huge
data, Microsoft CRM dynamics an google analytics to acquire the actual time response to
understate the risk which is commonly happened through human errors (Madon and Krishna,
2018).
 Marketing and commercial growth: It is the heart of every enterprise with that target
audience. It is Done with the market present needs and need would also analysed. Digital
marketing is the contemporary method which is used to promote the goods and services
of the enterprise. It can be included pitching goods to cooperation and individuals.
The goal of commercial marketing is to develop a relationship between the client
and the product. This acquired by developing a brand identity with which the
consumer can relate.
Provide maturation and success: According to current situation the growth and excellence
which brings the success of all enterprise which is based upon the utilization of information
technology with in the enterprise. The organisation would develop the marketing plan of action
after collecting the data which is related to the market trends. In the context of an organisation
insurance giver organisation thus they most emphatic to promote their services in the
marketplace with the organisation raises more consciousness in the market and try to take the
attention of higher consumer (Rad, Nilashi and Dahlan, 2018). Through utilizing information
technology with in the enterprise company which enhance more and more profitability and
acquire all the competitive advantage Increase sale: Through utilizing information technology
within the enterprises. The concern organisation which is spread more Awareness in the market
about the various services to the consumer. It also offers the excellent and unique services to the
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consumer and with and try to attain more of the consumer and maintain sustainability with in the
enterprise (Xiang, 2018).
It takes the help through using various information technology with in the enterprise and
creates more simple and smooth enterprise.
Analyse ethical and social issues connected with businesses
According to the view point of Ben shabat 2020, Information technology support the
enterprise to induce more smoothness and clarity with in the enterprises. In which the utilization
of information technology in the concern company must assure that is the issue related to the
social and ethics. For that organisation must assure issue must be solved from enterprise thus
organisation performance doesn't get impacted in a negative perception. Ethical issues include
the accommodating diversity, inequality in the wages, sexual haresment, racial discrimination
etc. It gives the best and visible environment to the employee which feels more comfortable and
freely. In which social issues are includes the social responsibility, individual rights, protection
of environment, precautions of individuals, equality of chance and many more. The social and
ethical issues relate towards the enterprise which has given below:
Ethical issues: These issues include which has been bring forth or related to the
satisfaction level of the individuals and the organisation. The ethical issue which able to create
the use of Information technology are as given:
Breach of secrecy: It is mandatory for organisation to include the utilization of Information
technology with in the enterprises as this the excellent platform which helps them to spread high
consciousness in the market. According to the concern organisation is the most largest insurance
company which they can manage the most of their enterprise through using information
technology (Toyama, 2018).
Thus organisation also assure that the information and keep it safe and secure. For the higher
level of administration of the enterprise assure that data of all employees which is very secret or
confidential and only uses through the organisation according to the necessity
Action against the public interest: It relates towards the the concern organisation to the status
in which information has been vanished through the organisation as per utilization of information
technologies. Thus organisation interdict the utilization of data and keep the information safe and
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secure (Vanpoucke and et. al., 2017). Which make more easiness of the consumer, employee
staff and the organisation along with. It must develops copies of the consumer data with that if
one of the copy has been missed than organisation must have other copy as well
 Social issues: it related to the issue which is generated through the organisation for the
society which is given as:
 Determine threats: It is more uncommon issue which is created in the marketplace
as some other person call the consumer according to the name of the organisation
and need would also analysed. that details. The concern company identifies those
liveliness who perform that all functions and try to build good connection between the
consumers and the employees through present all theft to police (Saide, and et. al., 2019.
 Hacking: It involves the utilization of personal information of the people as unethical
way for that business which make sure that no one can hack the personal information of
the consumer. Thus organisation build the new team with in the organisation that has the
specialist of technologies handlers, also have specialized support employee that opening
the organisation information and assure that can be exploited of that (Torten, Reaiche
and Boyle, 2018).
Determine between several types of networking technologies.
As per the point of view of stephane bourgeois 2016, Networking technologies are the
several techniques which helps an organisation to create and enlarge the network of the
organisation. It connects a various fields that helps the concern company to enhance their
business on higher scale. As information technology departments which help the organisation to
use the wireless networks and control and lead the different data. It includes several types of
networking technologies which are given below:
LAN : It is a network that work in limited geographical area approximately around the
range of 2 miles with in the organisation which make a powerful relation between the operators
of businesses and the commercial enterprise. This will worked with the speed of 10,100 and
1000 MBPS which covers the strongly and connect the small areas. This network is used to
connect the various groups of computers for that business should adopts routers to keep risk-free
movement of information of the consumer from operator to another
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Wide area network: It refers to that network which is highly complicated than the local
areas networks. The respected organization focus on link the computers or the operators all
across the longer area where devices would be tackled or leaded by the remote. Even though,
business must controls all others operators through their own for instance services like internet.
Metropolitan area network: this network is no more larger in comparison of local area
network but very limited as compare to the WAN, that is to be adopted for specific location or
area like in the city or town and people users that through taking the possession has might be for
a person or a group of person.
Wireless area network: This is a network which is exploited as a wireless network
technologies as like Wi-Fi and it does not need any physical connector or cables to tie the
various networks.
Basis Local Area Network
(LAN)
Metropolitan Area
Network (MAN)
Wide Area Network
(WAN)
What it is Within this computer
system will linked to the
same commercial
business or an entity.
It is quite more bigger
networks and connects
various administration of
same geographical
locations networks areas
This is more bigger as
comparison to the local area
networks as it linked more
that two LAN networks in a
specific location area.
Area to be
protected
This cover around 200
meters.
It has huge connectivity by
covering the 100-200
meters.
It is a network that connects
the range of around 1000
Km
Velocity This works with the
fastest speed and
correctly as
approximately 10,100
and 1000 MBPS speed.
This will works with the
velocity of approximately
100 MBPS.
It will works with the speed
of approximately 1.5 MBPS
and connect the panoramic
networks work.
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Use of
Engineeri
ng
It uses as like optical
fibre cables along with
twisted cables
This also focus on
adopting fibre cables or
the twisted cables
This includes mainly coaxial
cable, twisted pair and
wireless.
Explain importance of internet and intranet
As per the Shereen Mohammed 2018, Intranet and the internet both are the various
determinants that is to be used through the information technology of the organisation. Intranet
supports an organisation which provide the secure space for stores the various data or
information that has been collected through the organisation by the consumers. Although,
internet is being used through the organisation to give the plat form because of this workers
simply utilise search engine according to the assist rid over from the several present problems as
from they get the direct and applicable information.
Internet: It is a network that is useful for fulfilling all the utilization of their requirement
and looking forward to analyse and collect different data according to requirement. This assist an
individual to solve the basic complexity as of someone needs to examine something than they
use directly the internet and search with in the given time period which they get the data reverse.
Importance of internet: It has various significance of internet in an individual life,
which it plays an important role in concern organisation and it is given below:
 Research: Using internet service, organisation gets a huge supports as individual get an
help to search any of the content according need and the demand of the enterprise. Data
has been gathered of the contender or the competitor firm which is useful to understand
what they are looking forward to attain the care of the consumer. Business create various
strategy to gain the competitive advantage and also collects the feedback of the people
that helps to create the strong relationship with the consumers.
 Communication: Internet is to be adopted by the business in order to build the powerful
relation with the consumer through making communication with them. Communication
play vital role in every field. It has completed by various video and audio calling and
organisation also drop SMS to the people to establish the enterprise on the larger scale
(Alfalah, 2018).
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Intranet: It refers to private and the local networks which has been used through the
organisation in order to connect the other operators that are working in the enterprise. It has been
has a information storage, internal communication between sharing of resources as well as many
others.
Importance of intranet: It has various benefits of intranet are given below:
 Resource sharing: This is to be used through to share the various content with in the
organisation with that the information will remain safe and secure also portion healthier
relationship between the employees.
 Better inside communication: It relates with the collaboration that employee have
while solving various difficulties in an ethical manner.
Discuss the importance of social media in a commercial enterprise.
Social media plays an important role in business or in marketing, because this is the most
influential and important space where the business platform is not only is used in networking and
communication but also this is the good way for advertising the products and services. This also
helps in reduce the cost, and helping in making the ads to reach to companies potential
customers. Through the social media advertisements. With the very huge number of social media
users, the marketers and the company must not to miss the chance of digital marketing, because
with the help of these platforms, they can reach all the maximum number of the buyers
social media is important for business: because nothing can be better than the social
media marketing and networks, so that the company can easily reach to their targeted audience.
And being a business on the social media market, the business have to make used to for
customers for making some important leads. Also this social media market helps to attract the
right customers with the adequate information at the right time and on the right place. That helps
the business to showcase the products to its potential customers, and also this is the most
common platforms used by the customers that is commonly used by the customers so that the
business can reach the target audience at the more effective way.
Several stages of system development life cycle.
Planning: According to Lloyd, ( 2020) In the phase of planning , terms of the project are
evaluate by leaders of the project. It includes calculation of material and labour cost, prepare a
time table with target objectives and try to develop leadership structure as well as project's team.
Time to time feedback from shareholders are also cover in respective planning. In the context of
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company get feedback from developers, customers , experts. It tends to define clearly the scope
& purpose of applicable applications. It set boundaries to support safe the project from grow to
its original purpose.
Define Requirements: It is to be determined as planning part to influence what
application is try to do and what are its requirement. As requirement also include defining the
resources that must be needed to build project like software is develop by team of to control
custom manufacturing machine as it is a obligation in process.
Project and Proto typing: It design the model so that software application is to be
work , as design includes some aspects which are describe as user interface, architecture,
platform, communication , programming, security etc.
Software development: According to Benckendorff (2020), Single developer handle
small projects while large project is broken up into small parts and then it is perform by several
teams. In this phase application related to Access control is use. To track changes to code these
respective systems help developers. It tends to ensure compatibility among different teams. As
instructions as well as explanations are appreciated by software developer of company whereas
Documentation is considered as formal process, including wiring a user guide for the application.
Organisation that seek to create software which is easy and try to take advantage from the
documentation.
Testing: Application is need to be test first before available to users. Like security
testing, most of the testing is automated in organisation as it can be performing in specific
environment only. With the help of testing it is to be ensure that every function tends to work in
correct manner. The testing phase tends to reduce many glitches and bugs which encounters by
users. As it tends to lead high satisfaction to users as well as better rate of usage.
Deployment: In the stage of deployment, frameworks are available to user. Now so
many organisations try to automate deployment phase. It helps in downloading different
applications on smartphones. Upgrading company wide database to application which is newly
developed because there are many other systems used by database, as upgrade integration can
take more time as well more efforts.
Operation and maintenance: As development cycle is finished in this point. The
application is perform and being used in better mode. The maintenance and operation phase is
also very important. In Respective phase bugs are discover by users which is not found at the
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time of performing testing. As errors must be resolve that can spawn new development cycles.
For every release launching of new development cycle is done (Ratwani and et. al., 2019).
ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION
IT is very helpful for the organisation, it assist in storing and processing the information
for few dealing through using different systems or networkings. Information technology aids in
gaining accuracy and enhance the sale of organisation through taking actual decision. There are
various types of networking technologies which is mandatory for IT department. Aviva plc
relates towards the people or communicate with them in the organisation along with the border.
In order to promote and expand better service Aviva plc make adequate usage of social media
promotion and through this long term value and wider level of profit is attained with perfection.
In this company also make adequate usage of digital media platform and for this long term
sustainability is attained with adequateness.
CONCLUSION
This report conclude the IT plays vital role in growth and development of the enterprises.
In which it helps in the business to leads the different activities which like data base
administration which create strong communication also includes the various social and ethical
issue which is refer through the organisation which elaborate the importance of internet and
intranet which raise the performance of the organisation. It reflects the development of system
life cycle of the concern company Aviva plc.
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REFERENCES
Alfalah, S.F., 2018. Perceptions toward adopting virtual reality as a teaching aid in information
technology. Education and Information Technologies, 23(6), pp.2633-2653.
Avgerou, C. and Walsham, G. eds., 2017. Information technology in context: Studies from the
perspective of developing countries. Routledge.
Benitez, J., and et. al., 2018. How information technology influences opportunity exploration and
exploitation firm’s capabilities. Information & Management, 55(4), pp.508-523.
Books and Journals
Lloyd, I., 2020. Information technology law. Oxford University Press.
Madon, S. and Krishna, S. eds., 2018. The digital challenge: Information technology in the
development context. Routledge.
Rad, M.S., Nilashi, M. and Dahlan, H.M., 2018. Information technology adoption: a review of
the literature and classification. Universal Access in the Information Society, 17(2),
pp.361-390.
Rajaraman, V., 2018. Introduction to information technology. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd..
Ratwani, R.M., and et. al., 2019. A decade of health information technology usability challenges
and the path forward. Jama, 321(8), pp.743-744.
Torten, R., Reaiche, C. and Boyle, S., 2018. The impact of security awarness on information
technology professionals’ behavior. Computers & Security, 79, pp.68-79.
Toyama, K., 2018. From needs to aspirations in information technology for development.
Information Technology for Development, 24(1), pp.15-36.
Vanpoucke, E., and et. al., 2017. Leveraging the impact of supply chain integration through
information technology. International Journal of Operations & Production Management.
Xiang, Z., 2018. From digitization to the age of acceleration: On information technology and
tourism. Tourism management perspectives, 25, pp.147-150.
ONLINE
Afzal.b. A., 2015., The role of information technology in Business Success. [Online] Available
through: <https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/role-information-technology-business-
success-abid-afzal-butt>.
Bourgeois. S., 2016. 11 types of Networks Explained: VPN, LAN and more. [Online] Available
through: <https://www.belden.com/blog/smart-building/network-types>.
Mohammed. S., 2018., the importance of Intranet and internet in the business.[online] Available
through: <https://www.veriday.com/blog/intranets-vs-extranets>
Shabat. B., 2020., ethical and social issues associated with running businesses,[online] Available
through: <https://www.become.co/blog/ethical-issues-businesses>
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