Introduction to Information Technology

This presentation provides an introduction to Information Technology, covering the study of computer science, the use of computer terminologies, the growth of Internet telecommunication, and the stages of system development. It also discusses the uses of computing terminologies, the impacts of the internet on business, and the system development life cycle.

Introduction to Information
Technology

INTRODUCTION
 Information technology is the study of the computer science which uses computer
systems and telecommunication for sending retrieving and manipulating the data or
information.
 The study will help in Understanding the use of computer terminologies and it will also
help in understanding the growth of Internet telecommunication in order to exchange
the data from one place to another.
 This report will also help in different stages in which system development occurs.

Uses of computing terminologies
 In this modern technology all the things which are earlier performed with the human
efforts and now these things becomes easy to understand with the use of the computers.
Information technology has expanded all the areas of the world. In order to exchange
the data and information computers works as a middleware that provides various
functionalities that supports the internet connectivity throughout the world. These
computes may vary in different sizes, capacity according to their capabilities and
design of the system. Following are those computers which are classified according on
the basis of size and capacity.

Cont..
 Super computers
 These are the physically large and the most powerful computers. These systems are
generally designed to process huge amount of data and such system performs trillions of
calculations within a second. These computers are generally used by governments, large agencies
and because it carries thousands of processors. Super computers costs very high and fast in speed
and accuracy.
 Mainframe
 These computers are also very large in size and it can also compute thousands of operations with a
second of time. These computers are mainly aimed at providing connectivity to thousands of users
at the same time. Mainframe computers are used in flight scheduling, reservations, tax records,
payroll etc.

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 Mini
 These are smaller in size then mainframe computers and minicomputers are less expensive. These
are generally used by small and medium size businesses as a servers. User connect to the systems
using thin clients or dumb terminals. These are generally used in school computer laboratories and
hospitals.
 Micro
 These are most frequently used machines that are commonly known as personal computer (PC).
These are small computer systems which are basically designed to be used one at a time. These are
also small systems that can be fitted into the briefcase or shirt pocket. Such computer system
includes desktop computers, portable system, embedded computers etc.

Uses of internet and its impacts on the business. Also
analysis the growth of ICT.
 ICT can be termed as the information and communication technology which have
influenced the world by providing various tools that supports the communication and
connectivity all over the world. ICT have greatly impacted on the economic growth of
the developing and developed countries. This technology provides the access
to information through means of telecommunications. IT have contributed largely
towards the growth of country that has mainly focussed towards the development of
communication technology. This telecommunication can be possible by providing
internet connectivity, wireless networks, cell phones, other medium that helps in
exchanging the data and information. Telecommunication can be provisioned using the
tool that is internet which provides the connectivity of different devices in order to
share data and information. Internet can be used for many reasons which may leads to
the great impact on the business. These impacts may be negative or positive. Uses of
internet can be described below:

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 Effective communication: Profitable organisations may function properly by using the
internet in the work place that may help the employees on effective communication
with the help of emails and estimating the marketing requirement through the use of
Business analytics tool.
 Data storage: Internet provides cloud computing facilities that help in storing large
amount of database over internet. This helps the managers in managing the records of
the business and which also allows them to easily manipulate and retrieve the data
without the major efforts.

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 Social Media Reviews: Internet also provides various social media platforms which
helps the organisation in taking the reviews from the customer in order to increase the
sales of the product.
 Marketing research: Internet can also be used by the organisations in order to analysis
the needs and requirements of the customer in order to maximise the productivity of the
business. This helps organisation to develop the goods and services according to the
demands of the consumer which may results in increased sales and therefore this
maximises the productivity and profitability of the company

System development life cycle
 System development life cycle is referred as the application
development which consists of the process that includes the
planning, creating, testing and deploying an information system.
System development helps in creating an effective system that
enables user to transform a newly developed project in order to
perform a specific operations. This process is mainly used to provide
a framework which helps in meeting the business expectations that is
involved in decision making and its progression.There are six stages
of the system development that helps in developing an effective
system such stages are as follows:

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 Requirement gathering
 This phase helps in identifying the system requirements of the project or
solution. Tyhis stage helps in analysing the needs and requirements of users in order to
ensure the developed system meets the expectations of the user in order to provide the
specific functionality. This helps in identifying the cost and resources involved in
developing a software.
 Design
 This stage helps in transforming all the requirements into the complete
detailed system design which mainly focus in delivering the required functionality to
users.

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 coding and Implementation
 This stage converts the design into the complete information system which
also includes the coding part and software installation. This also helps in preparing the
test case procedure which ensures the creation of the database to store the information.
Coding phase generally includes the programmed statements which are then compiled
to review the procurement activities.
 Testing
 This SDLC phase helps in demonstrating that the developed system meets the
requirement of the user. Functional requirement, quality assurance and analysis report
is prepared in order to determine the functioning of the software.

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 Implementation
 After analysing all the system requirements all the programs are successfully
implemented and launched. This system is handed over to the user in order to perform
the desired operations. This helps in maintaining the information system which may
includes the post implementation and In-process reviews of the software.
 Maintenance
 It is the end of the system activity whose emphasis is given to the proper
preparation of the data. After the development of the system. This phase helps in
analysing the future requirements in order to perform the effective operations.

CONCLUSION
 From the above study it has been concluded that Information technology have transformed the
way of exchanging the data and information and it has also provided various business tools.
 Emerging technology in the world has replaced the human related efforts with the automated
machines. This allows convenient platforms in order to perform the different business
operations.
 This study has created a complete understanding about the concept of Information technology.
This report had also provided various ethical and social issues which are arrived due to the
use of Information technology in the world.

REFERRENCES
 Avgerou, C. and Walsham, G. eds., 2017. Information Technology in Context: Studies from the
Perspective of Developing Countries: Studies from the Perspective of Developing Countries. Routledge.
 Bartolini, C. and Lenzini, G., 2017. Law and the software development life cycle.
 Comer, D.E., 2018. The Internet book: everything you need to know about computer networking and
how the Internet works. Chapman and Hall/CRC.
 Eason, K.D., 2014. Information technology and organisational change. CRC Press.
 Karim, N.S.A., Saba, T. and Albuolayan, A., 2017. Analysis of software security model in scenario of
Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Journal of Engineering Technology (ISSN: 0747-
9964). 6(2). pp.304-316.