The Role of Information Technology: Analysis and Discussion Report

This report provides a comprehensive overview of Information Technology (IT) and its significance in modern business operations. It begins by defining IT and its applications, emphasizing its role in enhancing productivity and communication within organizations. The report then delves into a literat...Read More

Introduction to
Information
Technology

ABSTRACT
Information technology is very essential for the success of organization and this report is
discussed about the role of IT, its ethical or social issues, networks etc. In context of TatvaSoft
which is IT based company and provide innovative solutions to their client companies. In order
to maximise overall production as well as profitability, company need to focus on their
operations and the technology which they currently use for the success.

Table of Contents
ABSTRACT.....................................................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................4
Literature Review.............................................................................................................................4
Analysis and discussion...................................................................................................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Information technology is the use of various software which are used in computers to
store data, manipulate information, retrieve, transmit etc. Information technology used in
business operations to make their work more easy which further helps in maximising overall
performance or productivity (Almasri and et.al., 2018). IT is most effective technology that is
used for the purpose of communication within or outside organization. There are various
example of technology which are used by individual on their personal or professional life. Such
as personal computers, landlines, mobile phones, computer networks etc. For the better
understanding of IT concepts, TatvaSoft selected that is UK based company. This organization
founded in 2001 which the purpose of introducing innovation, cost effective or quality solutions
to their clients. It is based in Warnford Court, London, United Kingdom. TatvaSoft follow three
major strategies to get success such as people, technology and their customers. These factors will
provide competitive edge and company currently have more than 810 professional who serve in
various industries such as e-commerce, education, healthcare retail etc. This report cover various
topics such as role of IT, social or ethical issues related to IT which faces by organizations,
different types of networks and also define the difference between internet or intranet. In
addition, it includes the further analysis and discussion which is based on selected organization.
Literature Review
Information technology:
According to Gelinas, Sutton Jr and Federowicz 2019, information technology refer to
the technology which is used in terms of hardware, software and various communication mode.
It might be adopted by many entities to support their business operations and overall
performance. Information technology (IT) allow many organizations to perform their task such
as basic transactions, maintain record of customers, interact with suppliers or distributors by
using different communication mode such as internet. IT become most popular tools which allow
people to access right information at right time. In context of organization, IT make process easy
because it helps in communicating people such as employees, customers, suppliers etc. Not only
in professional life IT helps the individual but in their personal life as well, because it make their
daily basis work more easy which reduces time as well as efforts of doing that particular work.
Role of Information Technology:

Han and Kim (2019), state that information technology play essential role in the
organizations in order to make their process more easy or comfortable to achieve their target.
Lack of technology advancement will impact overall business process or unable to attract
potential customers. Currently, every organization use IT to manufacture, promote, marketing,
selling and distribution of their products. In addition, IT help internal employees to communicate
with each other effectively which make their work more smoothly. It also helps in managing
huge data and represent in understanding form which make them able to take effective decisions
accordingly. With the help of IT, individual can store data in database where employees can
access information anytime because of centralization of entire data or in information. Another
most effective role of IT is MIS ( Management Information System ) which process the
information by using OLAP ( online analytical processing ) and use as according to requirement.
Information technology in banking sector play very impressive work because now every bank
will provide online services related to banking. Consumers can use these services as per their
personal requirement. With the help of centralized information banks can operate more than 20
branches at single time or specific area. It is beneficial for bank employees as well as customers.
Ethical or social issues of IT in organization:
As per Ogunlere, Olusanya, Adebayo and Ehioghae 2019, organization face lot of ethical
or social issues related to information technology. Ethical and social issues can be generate
anywhere in the organization by use of technology. It is very important for corporation to
ethically follow the technology rather than doing its misuse because it will provide huge benefits.
There are various ethical issues organization face such as unethical practices in accounting where
using technology advancement to done fraud. Social media issues are also major factor which
impact business because of wrong use of technology and it can be intentionally or not. Any
personal information share on social media sites can affect the entire organization reputation.
There are another some ethical or social issues such as more use of technology will minimise the
requirement of human resources which socially influence the environment. In the organizational
context, management need to secure customer data because they are accountable for it. If misuse
of technology will leak client's information than it will comes under unethical practices which
cause issues for customers.
Network types in computers:

Computer network is a set of computers which are linked with each other and it will
make them able to share data, information and communicate as well. There are total four types of
networks such as LAN ( local area network ), PAN ( personal area network ), MAN
(metropolitan area network ), WAN ( Wide are network ). In LAN, multiple computer systems
are connected but only in a small area such as any building or office (Beirne and Ramsay, 2018).
Here, more than two systems are connected for the purpose of communication such as coaxial
table, twister pair etc. PAN area network is for individual person and its range is around 10
meters. It is used to connect personal computers for personal use. In MAN, it covers large area
and it is mostly used by government agencies to connect people and private sector organizations.
WAN used to connect more larger area such as different cities or countries. WAN is larger than
any other networks because it is not limited with single location.
Internet or Intranet:
Horn, (2018) said that internet is an global network which is established to connect many
computers and it can be possible through wired or wireless communication between sender or
receiver. There are some examples of sharing information with the help of internet such as video,
audio, data etc. There are various elements which make it different from intranet such as
community of people capable to use network at the same time. Data can be collected by using
this sources, several members can access data for different purpose such as research or
education. In addition, internet follow proper standards and protocols for the better functioning
of network. In current business environment everyone use internet for different purpose such as
communication, gather information, transfer of data etc. On the other side, intranet is the sub part
of internet which is privately owned by corporation. Basically each and every devise connected
with single network as well as data will be centralised so internal staff or customers can access
any time as per their requirement. In intranet, there are very limit users because personalise
network is very costly as well as complex, so management need to set up proper IT department
for it and should maintain proper surveillance. while internet is unsafe because of open users on
the other side intranet is totally safe because of their reserve rights. Internet will provide
unlimited information where intranet provide limited information because of privacy or limited
rights of access data.
Software Development Life Cycle:

According to Kumar and Rashid 2018, software development life cycle implemented for
software projects and specifically in software developing organizations. Basically it includes
detail information regarding how businesses generate, organize or renew or edit their software. It
is a methodology which is used to enhance quality of software because it further helps in
improving overall business process. This software development cycle includes various stages
such as planning that is most important or fundamental stage of this life cycle and it is performed
by senior authorities with the help of consumers. Another stage is defining requirement where
they identify documents and further it will going to approved from market analysis or customers
and it will be possible with the help of SRS (software requirement specification) document. Next
stage is designing product architecture which is based on SRS. More than one design selected
and it will be documented in DDS that is design document specification. After that, next step is
developing product which is an actual implementation activity where developer follow the
guidelines or done programming such as C, C++, JAVA, PHP etc. Testing is another stage of
software development life cycle because organization need to evaluate that developed product is
according to the standards or not.
Analysis and discussion
Role of information technology in TatvaSoft company:
TatvaSoft is software development company which innovate various applications as per
the demand of their clients. Company has more than 18 years of experience as well as have
ability work with new technology and resolve issues with different perspective. TatvaSoft is UK
based company and its core business is provide customize application software for the
organization to manage their information system. TatvaSoft offer various IT services such as
application development where they develop cross browser capability with effective design to
attract consumers (Gelinas, Sutton and Federowicz, 2019). They offer their services with many
industries such as education, retail, finance, healthcare etc. Product development & maintenance,
cloud services, mobile apps, enterprise solutions and big data analysis are the remaining services
which provided by TatvaSoft UK. This company is all about technology or innovation which
play major role in the business process and they specialized in resolving complex by using their
innovation and information technology. In IT industry, happy employees are equal to happy
customers because they can satisfy their clients after their personal satisfaction from their job.

Entire organization is based on information technology so they need to higher exports or
professional to maintain or maximise their position in the market.
Ethical or social issues of IT in TatvaSoft company:
TatvaSoft should be ethically sensitive when they going to implement information
technology in their process because it will affect human relationship. Use of electronic devices
such as mobile phone, laptop, palmtop etc. will make family connected but as well as create
differences. Along with this, more use of technology will reduce the demand of human resources
which generate unemployment. Both issues faces by TatvaSoft company because they innovate
creative mobile innovation which make people addicted as well as separated from social
activities (Hills, 2018). In addition, privacy and health & safety is become the social issue of IT
in TatvaSoft company. Increase in the use of internet or technology will also raise the privacy
issues because by using IT, people can stole every data. Management of TatvaSoft need make
sure that privacy of their customer's data are most important because lack of it, will generate
many issues for the business. Regular use of electronic devoices will generate physical issues
which affect the process of company and people start palming these IT organization.
Identify which network type TatvaSoft follow:
TatvaSoft use Local Area Network (LAN) and it reached within office building. All
electronic devices connected with each other by centralizing data which make their employees
able to access information in minimum time period without wasting time to personally go
somewhere and collect information (Long, 2018). Earlier LAN was connected with coaxial cable
which is used to carry radio networks but after introducing latest technology, devices connected
with each other with wireless technology. LAN allow TatvaSoft to store data in centralised
computer and further information share within organization. It helps in file recovery, transfer and
store huge volume of data. Along with this, backup file also stored in separate server which help
the organization to recover data if they want. TatvaSoft cover their building with local area
network and centralise their data which make their employees able to gather information as per
requirement.
Internet or intranet in selected organization:
In the selected organization such as TatvaSoft has their own private network which is
called intranet (Koong, Liu and Liu, 2020). Company adopt intranet because of safety as well as
privacy of their data because it is one of the major issues for every IT based company to secure

their clients information as well as business data. It will improve internal communication among
working staff in the organization or beneficial for staff members in terms of finding information.
In addition, it will enhance brand value which provide them success in the market.
CONCLUSION
From the above discussion it has been concluded that information technology is very
essential for organization because every action or activity based on it. In the modern era of
business environment, companies based on information technology from manufacturing or
products & services to its sales & distribution. Even after, it is very essential to provide post sale
services and it will also possible with customer services which is also based on technology. In
business wanted to get success, than they need to adopt advance technology for tough
competition in the market.

REFERENCES
Books & Journals
Almasri, A. and et.al., 2018. The Organizational Structure and its Role in Applying the
Information Technology Used In the Palestinian Universities-Comparative Study
between Al-Azhar and the Islamic Universities.
Beirne, M. and Ramsay, H., 2018. Information technology and workplace democracy. Routledge.
Gelinas, U. J., Sutton Jr, S. G. and Federowicz, J., 2019. Business processes and information
technology.
Han, J. H. and Kim, H. M., 2019. The role of information technology use for increasing
consumer informedness in cross-border electronic commerce: An empirical
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Hills, J., 2018. Information technology and industrial policy. Routledge.
Horn, T., 2018. Internet-Intranet-Extranet: Potentiale im Unternehmen. Walter de Gruyter
GmbH & Co KG.
Koong, K. S., Liu, L. C. and Liu, X., 2020. A study of the demand for information technology
professionals in selected internet job portals. Journal of Information Systems Education.
13(1). p.4.
Kumar, M. and Rashid, E., 2018. An efficient software development life cycle model for
developing software project. International Journal of Education and Management
Engineering. 8(6). pp.59-68.
Long, R. J., 2018. New office information technology: Human and managerial implications.
Routledge.
Ogunlere, S. O., Olusanya, G. S., Adebayo, A. O. and Ehioghae, E.M., Ethical Issues in
Information Technology Project Management.
Stover, W.J., 2019. Information technology in the third world: Can IT lead to humane national
development?. Routledge.
Toyama, K., 2018. From needs to aspirations in information technology for
development. Information Technology for Development. 24(1). pp.15-36.
Yaga, D., Mell, P., Roby, N. and Scarfone, K., 2019. Blockchain technology overview. arXiv
preprint arXiv:1906.11078.