Introduction to Space Studies
Advantages and disadvantages of GEO
The following are some of the advantages of GEO:
 Considering that it is at greater height, it is capable of covering very large geographical
areas. This implies that three satellites will effectively cover the entire Earth(Phipps &
Bonnal 2016).
 There is continuous 24 hours visibility of satellite from a single fixed point on the surface
of the Earth
 This particular orbiting system is ideal for both multi-point application and broadcasting.
 There is no need for ground station tracking since there is continuous visibility from the
Earth all the time from a location which is fixed(Boice 2019)..
 There is no need for the inter-satellite handoff
 There is need for very little number of satellites for covering the entire Earth.
 It is possible to use less complex receivers for communication in satellites since there is
no Doppler shift.
GEO has the following disadvantages
 The GEO signals will always require considerable amount of time for them to move from
satellite to Earth and vice versa. The travel delay of the signal is about 120ms which is in
one direction. There is provision of 120 ms latency with 3x108 m/sec speed of the signal
by the distance of 35786km. This makes it unsuitable for point to point applications
which are usually time sensitive like video (Boice 2017).

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