Investigate “Marine Paints Manufacturing�. The latest technologies used in Antifouling paint Industry

Dissertation
To investigate
“Marine Paints Manufacturing”
The latest technologies used in Antifouling
Paint Industry
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INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................
Background of research...............................................................................................................4
Overview of research...................................................................................................................4
Rationale of research...................................................................................................................5
Aim..............................................................................................................................................5
Objective......................................................................................................................................5
Research Questions......................................................................................................................6
Timescale.....................................................................................................................................6
Literature Review.................................................................................................................................
Introduction..................................................................................................................................8
Theme 1: The New Antifouling product......................................................................................8
Theme 2: Advantages and disadvantages of the new Antifouling product...............................12
Theme 3: Contribution of anti-fouling manufacturers to ecological sustainability...................15
Research Methodology.......................................................................................................................
Introduction................................................................................................................................19
Research Methods......................................................................................................................20
Research Approaches.................................................................................................................22
Research Philosophies...............................................................................................................24
Data Collection...................................................................................................................................
Findings.....................................................................................................................................27
Discussion..................................................................................................................................29
Sampling.............................................................................................................................................
Introduction of sampling............................................................................................................30
Types of sampling......................................................................................................................31
Importance of sampling.............................................................................................................32
Ethics, access, and costs.....................................................................................................................
Conclusion..........................................................................................................................................
Conclusion.................................................................................................................................34
Bibliography.......................................................................................................................................
Online References..............................................................................................................................
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INTRODUCTION
Background of research
Marine coating systems are mainly applied to offshore structures and ships both in ocean
and fresh water contain bodies. It serves with dual purpose i.e. protect the structure of ship from
deterioration, as well as keep its durability (de Wit-de Vries and et. al., 2019). The merchant fleet
at worldwide level is comprised with bulk carriers, ships, tankers, cargo ships, cruise ships,
container ships and passengers. Marine coatings possess specific functional properties which
helps in protecting the surface of ships corrosion from foulings (Dawoud, 2012). Along with this,
such coatings also protect submerged materials other than ships like yachts, vessels and more
from sea water, which also improves their durability as well as overall performance.
TBT refers to Tributyltin that is mainly used as a biocide in bottom or anti-fouling paint,
which is applied to ocean hulls, to improve performance of ship (Martins and et. al., 2019). This
would also help in increasing durability of ship that reduces biofouling rate i.e. organism growth
on hull of ship. But applying such type of biocide which contain (C4H9)3 Sn group, when leaches
out into marine environment prove highly intoxicated for other non-targeted organisms
(Bhadbhade, 2019). This toxic which is also an obseogen, has been used as a fungicide,
bactericide, insecticide and wood preservative. So, it is affecting aquatic life and led to collapse
the number of organisms. The high concentrations of TBT and/or other organotoxins are found
in coastal waters at several locations worldwide. Therefore, to prevent life of other organisms,
usage of TBT has completely banned in 2003, in antifouling coatings. This ban has forced
marine organisations to reconstruct the formulation of accommodating various biocides, which
contain copper designated materials and supplemented with the booster biocidal products
(Debnath, 2014). Thus, new technology needs to implement for antifouling coatings, which are
expected to drive efficient market growth. For this purpose, a dissertation is made on latest
technologies used today, in antifouling paint industry for preventing ships from corrosion in sea
water.
Overview of research
Chugoku Marine Paints Limited is known for its advancements in technology and also
accountable for giving the technology regarding leading antifouling. It is known as one of the
world's famous paint producers, originated from Japan Hou (2020). It has founded in 1917 and
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headquartered in Hiroshima City of Japan. This manufacturing firm paints colour townscapes
beautifully and the living environment surrounding the sea, by protecting materials from
deterioration and corrosion. After its foundation, Chugoku Marine Paints, Ltd. or CMP group has
dedicated its business to protect materials like steel in harsh fouling, corrosive marine
environments and other, through its antifouling products and anti-corrosive technologies
(Bhadbhade, 2019). In addition to this, innovative technologies of respective firm produce a
number of products or services to support industrial development, such as paints for boats,
woodworking and curable paints for underwater materials, which are represented by first UV-
curable paints of Japan. Standing on this development spirit via high dedication and innovation,
lead CMP group to become one the innovative marine paints manufacturing firm (Aykin, 2019).
Considering on banned for usage of TBT in coating paint, this company has developed new
innovations to adopt that enhance the efficiency and durability of ships, including protecting the
marine organisms, a research is conducted in present research (De Groot and Spiekerman, 2020).
It includes enzyme based coating systems; low energy and hydrophobic foul-release coatings;
biocide free and two-component of fouling release coatings; anti-fouling copper-free system; and
Nano antifouling coatings.
Rationale of research
The main purpose of conducting present research is to analyse efficiency of latest
technologies, which are used by Marine Paints Manufacturing like Chugoku Marine Paints, for
antifouling coatings (Ali, 2020). This would help in evaluating the key factors of respective
industry, for improving ecological sustainability and maintaining durability of ships by
manufacturing new biocide products.
Title
To investigate “Marine Paints Manufacturing”. The latest technologies used in Antifouling
Paint Industry
Aim
“To investigate the key factors that help to maximize the contribution of Chugoku Marine
Paints and other manufactures contribute to sustainability through a balance of improved
ecological sustainability or energy saving”.
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Objective
 To improve the ecological sustainability new biocides and compare with products that
damaging effects on the environment.
 To determine the advantages and disadvantages of new Antifouling products.
 To evaluate the model of the key factors for consideration by the anti-fouling
manufacturers that contribute to sustainability.
Research Questions
 How can we improve the ecological sustainability of new biocides and compare with
products that damaging effects on the environment?
 What are the advantages and disadvantages of the new Antifouling product?
 What is the model of the key factors for consideration by the anti-fouling manufacturers
that contribute to sustainability?
Timescale
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Identifying
title of
study
Problem
statement
and select
the
company
with tutor
Setting
deadlines
Literature review
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Selecting
techniques
for
research
Determinin
g Budget
Data
Interpretati
on and
analysis
Evaluating
results and
findings
Presenting
conclusion
and
recommen
dations
Documenti
ng results
Submissio
n of report
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Literature Review
Introduction
It refers to a comprehensive part of a research, which summarises past collected
information through various researchers’ views on a certain topic. It creates a landscape the
information about significant works done by previous researchers, through numerous
methodologies (Mullarkey and Hevner, 2019). With this assistance, present researchers can
collect vast data and address the main objectives of projects, efficiently. Considered a particular
form of research which reviews, critiques as well as synthesizes representative literature on a
certain topic, in a systematically and integrated way, so that new frameworks and perspectives on
the same, can be generated. Along with this, body of literature review also includes entire studies
which addresses the related or identical hypotheses to meet research objectives effectively.
Furthermore, a well mannered way of integrative review, helps in meeting the same standards as
compared to primary research with regards to clarity, rigor and accuracy (Snyder, 2019). For this
purpose, to carry out literature review, a number of concepts can be integrated such as
theoretical, systematic, methodological and historial reviews, so that research problems can be
addressed efficiently. In context with the science-based project, to evaluate the efficiency of the
new antifouling system and its features for marine paints, several articles, and published
information will be summarised below, where theoretical review is taken to generalised the
concepts. The purpose of such form of revieing a theory, is to examine the importance and
corpus of theory, which has accumulated with respect to particular issue and phenomena
(Aksnes, Langfeldt and Wouters, 2019). In addition to this, theoretical literature review also
allows researchers to establish theories on antifouling products and technologies that have been
developed yet, in order to develop new hypotheses for meeting present problems.
Theme 1: The New Antifouling product
Hou (2020) said that high-performance antifouling is based on the combination of various
types of techniques which provides a spectacular result. This type of antifouling technique
provides high performance in different conditions and also operating in worldwide. Initially,
marine coating systems after then applied to ships as well as on offshore structures within
freshwater and sea environments Aykin (2019). It serves a dual purpose in terms of protecting
the structure of ships from deterioration, also keeping the same looks good. Since the world
merchant fleet is encompassed with bulk carriers, container ships, tankers, cargo, passenger, and
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