Investigative Project in the Tourism and Hospitality Industry

This investigative project focuses on the subject of Coronavirus and crisis management in Italy. It explores the impact of Coronavirus on travel and tourism, crisis management theories within the industry, and the management of tourism during viruses and pandemics. The project includes a literature review, methodology, findings, and results.

Investigative Project in the
Tourism and Hospitality
Industry

Table of Contents
1.0 INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................3
Research Background..................................................................................................................3
2.0 RESEARCH AIM AND OBJECTIVES....................................................................................3
3.0 LITERATURE REVIEW..........................................................................................................4
4.0 METHODOLOGY....................................................................................................................6
5.0 FINDINGS/ RESULTS.............................................................................................................7
6.0 DISCUSSION..........................................................................................................................16
7.0 CONCLUSION/ RECOMMENDATION...............................................................................18
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................19
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................21

Topic: “To critically investigate on the subject Coronavirus and crisis
management: A study on Italy.”
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Research Background
Coronavirus disease also known as COVID 19 which was first reported on 31st December
2019 in Wuhan, China. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is referred to as a strain
of positive sense single stranded RNS virus (Lombardi and et.al., 2020). The first case of
Coronavirus pandemic in Italy was confirmed on 31st of January, 2020. As of 13th March, Italy is
considered to be one of the world's highest per capita rate associated with the Coronavirus. There
are 17660 confirmed cases, among which 1439 has been recovered and the death toll has reached
1266. Crisis management and the planning of Coronavirus pandemic helps in dealing with the
sudden emergency situation of the economy (Ronco Navalesi and Vincent, 2020). This study
will highlight on the subject Coronavirus and crisis management in Italy. The travel and tourism
industry of Italy has been largely affected because of the outbreak of Coronavirus. There has
been high report of mass cancellation on hotels and flights. 11 Italian town has been locked
down because of the Coronavirus issue. As per the WHO, the Europe has in turn become one of
the “epicentre” for the coronavirus pandemic reporting more case than China on a daily basis.
Cancellation of European flights and visas are one of the major impact associated with COVID
19.
Rationale
This study is carried out as it is useful in gaining high degree of knowledge related with
the Coronavirus pandemic and its crisis management. This way it is useful in post crisis
analysing and finding the best possible way to reduce the death toll related with Coronavirus.
This study is carried out because of the academic interest and it helps in bridging up the gaps
associated with the research. This study is very useful for managing the crisis related with the
Coronavirus.
2.0 RESEARCH AIM AND OBJECTIVES
Aim
“To critically investigate on the subject Coronavirus and crisis management: A study on Italy.”
Research Objectives

 To critically investigate the impact of Coronavirus on travel and tourism.
 To demonstrate an understanding on Crisis management theories within travel and
tourism.
 To determine the crisis management within Tourism- Viruses/ Pandemic.
Research Questions
 What is the impact of Coronavirus on travel and tourism?
 What are Crisis management theories within travel and tourism?
 What is crisis management within Tourism- Viruses/ Pandemic?
3.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
Literature review is an effective measure which is very prominent in reducing the cur rent
gaps of knowledge on the specific subject matter on the relevant topic. It is useful in taking
viewpoints of various google scholars by attaining the aims and objectives of the research study.
To critically investigate the impact of Coronavirus on travel and tourism.
Additionally, Novel, (2020) investigated that, Coronavirus has led to the shut down of the
global travel. There has been suspension and cutting down of international flights and reductions
in the visit of additional destinations. There seems 55% reduction in the flights across the Pacific
and 10% reduction in the seating capacity by this summer internationally. Demand for hotels has
also decreased as people like to stay at home because of the outbreak of Coronavirus. Perlman,
(2020) evaluated that, The travel and tourism industry of Italy has been highly affected because
of Coronavirus outbreak. There has been high report of mass cancellation on hotels and flights.
This has largely impacted the airlines, tourism destinations, hotels, cruise lines, etc. Cancellation
of European flights and visas are one of the major impact associated with COVID 19. Moreover,
Holshue and et.al., (2020) argued that, Travel and tourism is largely affected because it tends to
result in cancellation of flights and hotel. This in turn lowers the economy and GDP of the
country. Airlines are scrambling to effectively understand the impact of Coronavirus. There
seems to be an increased level of Travel restrictions which in turn largely affects the travel and
tourism industry. Coronavirus has left the most tourist hotspots empty worldwide. This has also
resulted in the postpone and cancellation of trips which eventually led to high degree of losses to
the travel and tourism industry.
To demonstrate an understanding on Crisis management theories within travel and tourism.

Phan and et.al., (2020) evaluated that, COVID- 19 is a disease which is caused by
coronavirus which has been spreading across the globe. As per the crisis management experts,
every individual should focus on comply with the various set of medical supplies such as
sanitization of hands, use of surgical gloves and mask and educating people by communicating.
Subsequently, Boniotti and et.al., (2016) established the fact that, poor communication in turn
results in high degree of crises. People should be tested in order to evaluate if the person is free
from infection. Moreover, Albarello and et.al., (2020) argued that, Government must focus on
building an effective care system which do not allow viruses to re-emerge in the specific process.
Companies must also focus on shifting there business online and work from home facility must
be given in order to manage COVID -19 crises. Proper plan must be set for the cities which has
been lock down in order to resume back to their normal life. The health care practitioners must
educate people to take necessary measures to prevent spreading of COVID 19. Cleaning and
washing hands frequently, covering the mouth while sneezing and coughing with a tissue,
covering mouth with mask, etc. helps in management of such crises.
To determine the crisis management within Tourism- Viruses/ Pandemic.
Alfano and et.al., (2019) sought to determine the fact that, pandemics tend to largely
affect the travel and tourism industry more than any other industry. As per the WHO, a pandemic
is a term which is used when new disease spreads among the various geographical areas. WHO
has also declared Coronavirus as pandemic. This results in countries getting involved in
detecting, testing, isolating, tracing and mobilisation of the people. Moreover, Bordi and et.al.,
(2020) argued that, various countries across the globe work collaboratively and cooperatively
within one another in order to bring this condition under control. Subsequently, Benvenuto and
et.al., (2020) established the fact that, one of the biggest challenges associated with the
Coronavirus is to find the effective vaccination and antidote in order to reduce the number of
COVID 19 cases and death tolls within various countries across the globe. Another major
challenge is to reduce the spread of coronavirus among the individuals. Coronavirus has also
resulted in shut down of place which eventually led to downfall in economy and travel and
tourism industry. One of the major challenge is to found out the main cause of the COVID 19
which has resulted in the spread of disease among various individuals across the globe.

4.0 METHODOLOGY
This is useful in collecting new set of information which helps in maintaining the
reliability and accuracy of the particular data sets. This helps in gaining in- depth understanding
on the specific topic of the research.
Research methods: This methodology helps in collecting new set of information related
with the specific field of study (Stevenson, 2019). The researcher of the study has opted for
qualitative research methods as it helps in providing better understanding and in- depth analysis
on the subject Coronavirus and crisis management.
Research philosophy: It is a systematic phenomenon according to which research must
be carried out. The researcher of the study has opted for interpretivism philosophical method
because it helps in interpreting key variables and patterns of the study with the help of human
integration.
Research approach: This is one of the most effective as it helps the researcher in solving various
problems associated with the research (Kennedy, 2017). This way it helps in interpreting various
set of data with the broad set of assumptions. This is useful in addressing research questions such
as the impact of Coronavirus on travel and tourism industry. The researcher of the study has
opted for inductive approach which is useful in proposing valid results at the time of finish of the
project related with Coronavirus and crisis management.
Data collection: This part of the research methodology is very useful in measuring data
based on the variables and evaluation of the outcomes (Taherdoost, 2016). Primary data is
collected through questionnaire which is useful in gaining new set of information related with the
coronavirus and the crisis management. The researcher of the study has opted for only secondary
source of data collection. Secondary source of data is collected through books, journals, articles,
websites, books, etc. This way it helps in extracting data from the information already collected
by the researcher.
Sampling: This is an effective methodology which helps in selecting the appropriate size
of the sample in order to attain relevant results and outcomes (Mohajan, 2018). The researcher of
the study has opted for random probabilistic sampling method where 10 managers of the top
travel and tourism industry in Italy will be selected. This sampling method is appropriate as it
tends to give equal level of opportunity of getting selected within the sample size. It helps in give
true and fair data without any biases.

Data analysis: It is useful in analysing the relevant sets of data which has been collected with
appropriate and reliable sources. The researcher of the study has opted for qualitative research
where thematic analysis has been performed which helps in analysing relevant set of data which
helps to gain wide degree of knowledge by examining various patterns and themes (Kumar,
2019). It is useful in analysing and interpreting the results on the impact of Coronavirus on travel
and tourism and also demonstrate an understanding on Crisis management models within travel
and tourism.
5.0 FINDINGS/ RESULTS
Name
Age
Gender
QUESTIONNAIRE
1. Do you have understanding on the Coronavirus pandemic?
 Yes
 No
 Maybe
2. According to you, what are the main cause of Coronavirus disease?
 Contact with human to human
 Contact with certain droplets or bodily fluids
 Touch with the infected person
 All of the above
3. According to you, what are the measures taken by the government associated with
coronavirus in Italy?
 Screening test
 Suspending of major events and closure of educational institutions
 Lock down of cities and towns
 Hygiene and disinfection measures
 All of the above
4. According to you what is the effective crisis management models which helps in improving
COVID 19 outcomes?

 Use of surgical gloves and mask
 Sanitization of hands
 Educating people by communicating
 All of the above
5. According to you, how long do you think for Covid 19 vaccination and antidote to be made
available for the people globally?
 More than 1 year
 Within 1 year
 Within 6 months
 Within 3 months
6. How do you think, COVID 19 impact the tour and travel industry of Italy?
 Agreed
 Highly agreed
 Disagreed
 Highly disagreed
 Neutral
7. According to you, why the number of cases associated with the Coronavirus are high in Italy?
8. What is pandemic and how does it change its approach towards Coronavirus?
Theme 1: Yes, maximum number of respondents have understanding about the Coronavirus
disease.
PARTICULARS NUMBER OF
RESPONDENTS
% OF RESPONDENTS
Yes 7 70%
No 1 10%
Maybe 2 20%
TOTAL 10 100%

Yes No Maybe
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
70.00%
10.00%
20.00%
% OF RESPONDENTS
Interpretation: The above carried out research from 10 managers of the top travel and
tourism industry. Among which 70% established the fact that, Coronavirus is a family of various
viruses known as SARS- CoV- 2 which in turn causes illness. Crisis management and the
planning of Coronavirus pandemic helps in dealing with the sudden emergency situation of the
economy. It helps in dealing with the sudden emergency situation to reduce the infection of
COVID 19.
Theme 2: Contact with human to human, touch with the infected person and contact with
certain droplets or bodily fluids are main cause of Coronavirus disease.
PARTICULARS NUMBER OF
RESPONDENTS
% OF RESPONDENTS
Contact with human to human 2 20%
Contact with certain droplets
or bodily fluids
1 10%
Touch with the infected person 2 20%
All of the above 5 50%
TOTAL 10 100%

20.00%
10.00%
20.00%
50.00%
Contact with human to human
Contact with certain droplets or
bodily fluids
Touch with the infected person
All of the above
Interpretation: The above carried out research from 10 managers of the top travel and
tourism industry, Among which 50% established the fact that, contact or touch with the infected
person who has coronavirus in turn is considered to be one of the major cause for spreading of
COVID- 19. Contact with certain droplets or bodily fluids is also one of the main cause of
Coronavirus disease.
Theme 3: Lock down of cities and towns is one of the major measures taken by the
government associated with coronavirus in Italy.
PARTICULARS NUMBER OF
RESPONDENTS
% OF RESPONDENTS
Screening test 2 20%
Suspending of major events
and closure of educational
institutions
1 10%
Lock down of cities and towns 4 40%
Hygiene and disinfection
measures
1 10%
All of the above 2 20%

TOTAL 10 100%
20.00%
10.00%
40.00%
10.00%
20.00%
Screening test
Suspending of major events
and closure of educational
institutions
Lock down of cities and towns
Hygiene and disinfection
measures
All of the above
Interpretation: The above carried out research from 10 managers of the top travel and
tourism industry, Among which 40% established the fact that, lockdown of cities and towns
helps in avoidance of interaction with the people which eventually helps in reduction in the
spreading of Coronavirus among individuals. Screening test and taking various hygiene
measures are effective steps taken by the government to reduce impact of Coronavirus.
Theme 4: Sanitization of hands, use of surgical gloves and mask and educating people by
communicating are the effective crisis management models which helps in improving COVID
19 outcomes.
PARTICULARS NUMBER OF
RESPONDENTS
% OF RESPONDENTS
Use of surgical gloves and
mask
2 20%
Sanitization of hands 1 10%
Educating people by
communicating
3 30%

All of the above 4 40%
TOTAL 10 100%
20.00%
10.00%
30.00%
40.00% Use of surgical gloves and
mask
Sanitization of hands
Educating people by com-
municating
All of the above
Interpretation: The above carried out research from 10 managers of the top travel and
tourism industry. Among which 40% established the fact that, every individual must focus on
sanitizing their hands on a regular basis. The individuals must also focus on using mask on the
mouth and use surgical gloves in order to protect themselves from an infected person of COVID
19 virus. The government must focus on taking effective measures to communicate with each
individual in order to educate them about Coronavirus.
Theme 5: Maximum number of respondents think vaccination for Covid 19 will be made
available for the people globally within 1 year.
PARTICULARS NUMBER OF
RESPONDENTS
% OF RESPONDENTS
More than 1 year 3 30%
Within 1 year 5 50%
Within 6 months 2 20%
Within 3 months 0 0%

TOTAL 10 100%
30.00%
50.00%
20.00%
More than 1 year
Within 1 year
Within 6 months
Within 3 months
Interpretation: The above carried out research from 10 managers of the top travel and
tourism industry. Among which 50% established the fact that, vaccination for Covid 19 will be
made available for the people globally within 1 year. Human trials will also begin in April which
helps in slowing down the respiratory disease coronavirus. Around 35 academic institutions and
companies race to create vaccination for COVID 19. Tried and tested approach are used because
it helps in finding the best possible solution to reduce the impact of Coronavirus among people.
Theme 6: Highly agreed, COVID 19 impact the tour and travel industry of Italy.
PARTICULARS NUMBER OF
RESPONDENTS
% OF RESPONDENTS
Agreed 1 10%
Highly agreed 6 60%
Disagreed 1 10%
Highly disagreed 0 0%

Neutral 2 20%
TOTAL 10 100%
10.00%
60.00%
10.00%
20.00%
Agreed
Highly agreed
Disagreed
Highly disagreed
Neutral
Interpretation: The above carried out research from 10 managers of the top travel and
tourism industry, Among which 70% (10%+ 60%) established the fact that, there seems to be an
increased level of Travel restrictions which in turn largely affects the travel and tourism industry.
It has also resulted in the postpone and cancellation of trips within the travel and tourism
industry. The travel and tourism industry of Italy has been largely affected because of the
outbreak of Coronavirus. There has been high report of mass cancellation on hotels and flights.
Coronavirus has led to the shut down of the global travel. There has been suspension and cutting
down of international flights and reductions in the visit of additional destinations.
As supported b literature review, cancellation of European flights and visas are one of the major
impact associated with COVID 19.
Theme 7: Determining the number of cases associated with the Coronavirus are high in Italy.
Interpretation: The above carried out research from 10 managers of the top travel and
tourism industry. Maximum number of participants established the fact that, the first case of
Coronavirus pandemic in Italy was confirmed on 31st January, 2020. Italy is considered to be one

of the world's highest rate associated with the Coronavirus. There are more than 10000 cases and
still counting within Ital. It is the 2nd highest reported death tolls with confirmed infected
coronavirus cases. People with older age are at higher risk because of their low immunity power.
Theme 8: Examining the concept of pandemic and how does it change its approach towards
Coronavirus.
Interpretation: The above carried out research from 10 managers of the top travel and
tourism industry, Maximum number of participants established the fact that, Pandemic is referred
to as a situation when new set of disease has been spreading the all across the world beyond
which is not in the control of anyone. There seems to be sudden increase in the coronavirus cases
in various countries across the globe. It involves cases where the travellers who in turn has been
infected within foreign country and has returned to the home town.
So far, Italy has the 27,980 Coronavirus cases among which 2749 have been recovered and the
death toll has raised to 2158 cases.

Around 63.2 million of tourists tends to visit Italy every year. There seems to decrease in the
tourism level within Italy.

6.0 DISCUSSION
Zhu and et.al., (2020) sought to determine the fact that, Coronavirus is referred to as the
family of various viruses which in turn causes illness related with the SARS, MERS, common
cold, fever. This virus is now referred to as SARS- CoV- 2 and the disease caused by this virus is
known as COVID 19. The key symptoms of COVID 19 ranges from severe to mild which
mainly includes cough, fever, shortness of breath, etc. Moreover, Huang and et.al., (2020) argued
that, the key cause associated with the coronavirus mainly comprise of contact with human to
human, touch with the infected person and contact with certain droplets or bodily fluids. 11
Italian town has been locked down because of the Coronavirus issue. The key risk factor for the
COVID 19 is recent travelling from the area which has an ongoing spread of coronavirus and
another risk factor is close contact with the person who is infected by COVID 19. Additionally,
Wang and et.al., (2020) investigated that, Crisis management is an effective model which is
useful for the planning of Coronavirus pandemic. It helps in dealing with the sudden emergency
situation of the economy and finding effective measures to reduce the infection of COVID 19.

The key preventable measures taken up by the people in order to avoid infection is to avoid
touching eyes, mouth and nose, avoid touching of infected places, stay home, avoid contact with
the people who are sick, sanitization of hands, use of surgical gloves and mask and educating
people by communication via various platforms.
Tours and travel industry has been hit profoundly by COVID-19 in Italy. Complete
lockdown of the country has helped to contain the virus growth and cut the confirmed cases of
nearby countries but rent the tourism industry completely out of business (Kritas and et.al.,
2020).
Travellers around the globe are advised not to travel to places hit by coronavirus by WHO. Italy
being one of the worst hit countries of the disease is seeing a huge hit in tourism and will
continue to do so until Italy is declared safe to travel. Also much time will be needed to develop
traveller confidence back to normal again.
Airlines are scrambling to understand the impact of Coronavirus. There is an increased
level of Travel restrictions which in turn largely affects the travel and tourism industry.
Coronavirus has left the most tourist hotspots empty worldwide. This has also resulted in the
postpone and cancellation of trips which eventually led to high degree of losses to the travel and
tourism industry. It has largely affected the travel business and leads to lower GDP within the
economy. Necessary measures are taken by the government to resolve and manage just pandemic
crisis.
The tourism situation can become dynamic in the next few months when the international
summer season starts and travel industry starts booming (Ronco Navalesi and Vincent, 2020).
Although the numbers are expected to be lesser than previous years, a rise is expected soon.
Efforts to contain the virus on a personal level is crucial in restraining the number of affected
people. Transmission of the virus is mainly done person to person through micro droplets of fluid
containing the virus during coughing or sneezing. Surface life of the virus is reported to be six
hours to one and a half days (Benvenuto and et.al., 2020). Therefore measures like proper
washing of hands, isolation during the infection and proper disposal of bio hazard waste at
personal level is crucial.
Surface contamination sterilisation is also immensely important. Studies have shown that the
virus lives longer on shiny flat surfaces like steel and plastic beams so disinfectants have to be
sprayed on public transportation system handle bars and building entrances.

Medical supplies proved to be inadequate in Italy as large number of cases were recorded in a
very short span of time. Equipment such as respirators and N95 masks, surgical masks and
hospital bed became scarce and had to be imported from other countries (Holshue and et.al.,
2020). A specialised medical team along with 31 tons of medical equipment was sent with a
cargo plane from China.
Macro level management of control and regulation of correct information has also been seen a
challenge as misinformation about potential cures and precautions caused a wave of panic
amongst the people. This led to hoarding of food, disinfectants and masks in the north region of
the province which caused shortage of required facilities to medical personnel and shortage of
food at grocery stores.
Educational institutes are shut and movement of about 60 million people has been restricted. All
schools and colleges have started online classes until the end of the semester (Phan and et.al.,
2020). The teachers are using online platforms like google hangout to deliver their morning
lecture through their quarantine locations. Students are also taught measures to keep them safe
during the period of outbreak.
Italy should learn crises management from Taiwan where excellent measures have been executed
to combat the situation. Mask prices are capped at 0.17$ which is much more affordable than
other parts of the world where mask prices have sky rocketed after the COVID-19 outbreak.
Taiwan has appointed a special committee to combat the issue. The nation also more than 98%
coverage of health insurance which helps to combat financial issue of any medical
hospitalisation. Schools have temperature sensor screening that detects children with abnormally
high temperatures due to fever that could potentially be caused due to coronavirus disease.
Italian government seeks to end the virtual lockdown as soon as possible as this outbreak would
mean third economic crisis for Italy in the last two decades (Wang and et.al., 2020). This
outbreak has been especially bad as smaller businesses will take longer to adjust and reopen as
usual. Recession seems to inevitable for Italy as tourism accounts for 6% of its economy. This
number is incredible as previous recessions have had less than 3% economic downfall.
All bars, restaurants, museums and sports stadiums have been shut down hence these businesses
have to provide for themselves for the time being. This also leads to increase in number of
people dependent on the government for support. Government is already struggling to maintain
previous years GDP and this will only worsen the situation.

Medical equipment like ventilators are being imported as there is a massive shortage. ICUs have
to rush up treatment and medical staff have to work overtime in order to save up time for other
patients.
Furthermore the limited amount of medical professional staff that can speak Italian is limited.
This makes communication of patients with doctors outside of Italy very difficult. Most of the
critical patients are elderly and have compromised immune systems which makes
communication much more difficult (Albarello and et.al., 2020).
Results stated above about the awareness of coronavirus in Italy is intriguing and optimistic.
Most of the top tourism and travel people are aware of the disease and know the measures to be
taken like washing of hands and public isolation. It will not only help the prevention of spread of
COVID-19 today but similar virus related illnesses in the future.
Interestingly many people think that vaccine for the coronavirus will ready within a year but this
is not true (Bordi and et.al., 2020). WHO has announced that clinical trials are underway for
vaccine development and an effective vaccine would be available for the general public in mid
2021. Currently there is no cure for the disease but several pharma companies are working hard
and experimenting with drugs like Favilavir and HIV medications that can be used as the cure for
the disease.
Until an efficient cure or vaccine is developed, prevention is the only available alternative for us.
This is projected to be until mid 2021. Hence containment of the disease is top priority especially
for the tourism industry.
7.0 CONCLUSION/ RECOMMENDATION
Recommendation
From above analysis it has been concluded that coronavirus is harmful and dangerous disease
that directly affect on well being of individual, it is respiratory illness caused by a new virus that
emerged in 2019 China. Its symptoms include shortness of breath, fever, cough, it spread from
one person to another. Rapid spread of this dangerous virus that causes coronavirus has sparked
alarm all around the world (Benvenuto and et.al., 2020). Many nations are grappling with a rise,
in US people are getting advice from health care sectors to prevent themselves and take
precautions that save their life from COVID-19. It effects of this virus on worldwide economy is
not just visible from trading level, it’s also noticeable from space. It highly impact on travel and
tourism business that decrease its productivity and profitability more than last few years. The

industry of travel & tourism as well as hospitality has been extremely affected because of this
virus, the number of visitors has been decreased that directly impact on profit margin of
companies working under these industries (Ronco Navalesi and Vincent, 2020). It has been
summarized that, as COVID-19 causes production to slow down in many places because national
and local government attempt to halt their spread, other sectors in other parts of world are
responding actively with more activity. In order to prevent the life of themselves as well as
family member, some recommendations are discussed below which need to followed by
everyone.
There are a lot of things person can do to protect themselves form COVID-19, they are suggested
to avoid close contact with individual who are sick, also avoid touching nose, eyes and mouth,
stay at home when person can feel sick and visit near by heath care centre to take professional
advice.
Every person must sanitise and clean frequently touched objects as well as surfaces using a daily
household cleaning wipe or spray (Holshue and et.al., 2020). To avoid the symptoms of virus,
every one should wash their hands with soap and clean water for at least 20 seconds, then use
sanitizer.
Taking the appropriate precautions is very important, washing hands specially after and before
using washroom, after blowing nose, sneezing and before eating.
While travelling from one place to another, person must use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer with
least 70 percent alcohol because water and soap was not available at all the time in that case. It is
one of the best ways to prevent themselves form coronavirus and its symptoms.
This virus spread when one person toughs the another one, public are recommended to use face
mask, they must weak a mask into public and wide population areas (Lombardi and et.al., 2020).
The best suggestion for visitors and travelling seekers to do not travel any where because they
can infect from this virus.
There no vaccine is available for this virus so people need to take care of themselves
individually, they must take advice from health care specialist who are able to give right
guidance that is beneficial in term of human wellbeing (Wang and et.al., 2020).

Conclusion
It has been concluded that, Coronavirus is a family of different set of viruses known as
SARS- CoV- 2 which in turn causes illness. Crisis management and the planning of Coronavirus
pandemic helps in dealing with the sudden emergency situation to reduce the infection of
COVID 19. Contact with human to human, touch with the infected person and contact with
certain droplets or bodily fluids are main cause of Coronavirus disease. Suspending of major
events and closure of educational institutions, screening test and lock down of cities and towns is
one of the major measures taken by the government associated with coronavirus in Italy. Crisis
management team focuses on improving the outcomes of COVID 19 by taking necessary
measures such as sanitization of hands, use of surgical gloves and mask and educating people by
communicating. Moreover, it has been concluded that, travel and tourism industry of Italy has
been largely affected because of the outbreak of Coronavirus. There seems to be high report of
mass cancellation on hotels and flights which in turn led to the shut down of the global travel. It
has been examined that, there are more than 10000 cases of Coronavirus have been reported in
Italy and still counting within Italy. It is the 2nd highest reported death tolls with confirmed
infected coronavirus cases.

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