IoT for Tele Monitoring in Emergency Healthcare System: A Literature Review

Literatures Review (Secondary Research) Template
St. NMAE : Vidyasagar Akula
St. ID: 11607562
Lec. Name: Abeer Alsadoon
Student Name &
CSU ID
Vidyasagar Akula, 11607562
Project Topic Title
IoT for Tele Monitoring in Emergency Healthcare System
1

Version 1.0 _ Week 1
1
Reference in APA format Kraai, I., de Vries, A., Vermeulen, K., van Deursen, V., van der Wal, M., de Jong, R., ... &
Lesman, I. (2016). The value of telemonitoring and ICT-guided disease management in
heart failure: Results from the IN TOUCH study. International journal of medical
informatics, 85(1), 53-60.
URL of the Reference Authors Names and Emails
and Level of Journal
Keywords in this Reference
https://www-sciencedirect-
com.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/science/
article/pii/S1386505615300447
Author names:ImkeKraai, Arjende Vries,
KarinVermeulen, Vincentvan
Deursen, Martjevan der Wal,
Richardde Jong, Renévan Dijk,
TinyJaarsma, HansHillege,
IvonneLesman
Level of Journal: Q1
Heart failure, Disease management, Telemonitoring
,ICT-guided disease-management
Computer decision support.
The Name of the Current
Solution (Technique/ Method/
Scheme/ Algorithm/ Model/
Tool/ Framework/ ... etc )
The Goal (Purpose) of this
Solution & What is the Problem
that needs to be solved
What are the components of it?
Current Solution:
 An essential, affordable
and immediate healthcare
system development in
order to serve reliable
frequency holding
monitoring systems.
Problem:
 The issue of disabilities within
people due to Fast growing
technology has increased the
life expectancy of the in last
few decades.
 People with disabilities, due to
 Remote Health Monitoring
 Internet of Things and connected homes
 Smart Monitoring Systems for Elderly and
People with Disability
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 To deal with the increasing
life expectancy and aging
population physiological
parameters are
successfully reached by
implementing the below-
given techniques.
Techniques: Smart home is the
implemented technique.
 This technique can
advantage at below given
fields in telemonitoring.
 Incorporation of
environmental and
wearable sensors and
actuators.
 Avails remote monitoring of
elders at low cost.
 Avails provision of all health
care benefits in the home
with the feasible pricing
model.
Tools:
 Wireless Sensor
Network (WSN)
Applied Area:
their limited mobility and
independence, are often
deprived of their regular
healthcare needs.
 Chronic diseases and
conditions such as heart
disease, stroke, cancer, and
diabetes are among the most
common health problems in
adults.
 In addition, unregulated blood
sugar i.e., diabetes, in case of
failure to managed properly,
may lead to long-term
complications such as kidney
failure, limb amputations, and
blindness.
 To overcome all these authors
felt that emergency services
has to be treated and
monitored regularly.
Goal: Goal of this paper to provide an
affordable, un-obtrusive and comprehensive
healthcare solution with minimal workforce
is of utmost importance for long-term health
management and monitoring, especially for
the rapidly rising elderly population.
3

 Majorly in health care.
Ways: Sensors can be placed
clothes or on the body also
implanted in issue, which can
facilitate measurement of blood
pressure, heart rate, blood
glucose, EEG, ECG, and respiration
rate
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; Means How the Problem has Solved & Advantage & Disadvantage of
Each Step in This Process
Process Steps Advantage Disadvantages
1 Remote health monitoring :
 E-health and M-health are two
different applications in the
remote health monitoring
system
 E-health uses the information
and communication
technologies to enable
automated health services, e-
services and e-prescription for
patients.
 M-health enables the high-
speed data transfer from
anywhere and at any time.
 These records can be accessed
 Allows un-obtrusive,
ubiquitous, and real-time
monitoring of physiological
signs without interrupting the
daily activities of individuals.
 Easy management as People
can remain in their familiar
home environment and enjoy
their normal lives with the
friends and family while their
health is being monitored.
 Anomaly detection in long-
term health analysis.
 Telemedicine avails another
advanced method in E-health
service that enables remote
 High chances of data
breeching as this model
compromises the sensitive
data of the patient So strong
data encryption required to
protect the data.
 The smart home is an
incorporation of sensors,
actuators and wireless
devices to generate the
data. Delay chances are
high.
 The smart home is a
complex of devices and
systems connected in the
same platform so need
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by authorized health care
person in case of emergency
services required and help to
make the decision make
according to the patient
situation.
 The following diagram shows
how e-health system works:
healthcare support. It analyzes
the usage of medicines and
makes the information
according to the usage. This
information will be available
for the authorized people to
access with the help of
modern communication
technologies
strong integration plan to
avoid integration issues.
2 Smart Monitoring Systems for Elderly and
People with Disability.
 Enables Automated emergency call
system.
 Location provision.
 Implementation of cameras in high
resolution monitoring.
 An easy gathering of
information with Artificial
intelligence.
 Easy analyzing of data
concerned with health care in
telemonitoring.
 Easy access management and
sharing of patient data.
 Complex measurements of
parameters like
physiological ones.
 Efficient energy
requirement.
3 Internet-of-Things and
Connected Homes
 Highly capable of
information sharing and
organizing.
 Allows smooth human-to-
 Centralized management.
 Organized decision making.
 Easy wireless communication.
 Hardware management is highly
complex.
 Optimization and maintenance are
difficult in telemonitoring health
care system.
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human, human-to-things,
and things-to-things
interaction.
Major Impact Factors in this Work
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Information sharing Information sharing should be perfect in order to avail
authorized access and management.
Information optimization Optimisation of information should be done well to reach
monitoring at each level.
Input and Output The feature of This Solution Contribution & The Value of This
Work
Input Output
Sensors,
Hardware devices
and raw data of
the patients to
me analyzed and
A well-managed
network for
communication of
android based
Smartphone
 Can easily measure physiological signs of
the resident.
 Easy transmission of data computed to
platforms for analyzing.
 Easy tracking of the signs over a web-
based interface.
 The system is capable of
transmitting real-time
information to a remote medical
server over both the cellular
networks and internet in case of
an emergency or on request.
 Secure video communication
between doctor and patients,
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monitored. using Bluetooth.
The Smartphone
functions as the
gateway to a
long-range
communication
network such as
a 3G cellular
phone network or
wireless local
area network
(WLAN
remote health monitoring, and
emergency care service.
4. were the conclusion justified
and How?
Analyse This Work By Critical
Thinking
The Tools That Assessed this Work
Yes, the state-of-the-art technologies for
elderly care in smart home platforms. The
primary objective of the smart homes is to allow
the elderly to receive continuous, non-invasive
and seamless healthcare service while staying in
their convenient home environment. It allows
the elderly to minimize their frequency of visits
to, or length of stay in expensive healthcare
centers such as clinics, hospital and long-term
care centers, thereby allowing them to lead
independent and active lives.
 Advancement in the technology
that enables the development of
low-power, small and low-cost
sensors, and actuators coupled
with modern communication
technologies paved the way
towards realizing continuous
monitoring services in a smart
home platform from a distant
facility.
 A key concern for the seamless
 Wireless Sensor Network
(WSN)
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operation of the smart home
system is associated with its
energy requirement. Low power
consumption and high energy
efficiency are critical for the
smart home, especially for the
wearable and mobile systems
used for long-term monitoring
purposes. Advanced battery
technologies, as well as low-
power electronic components,
can be used to increase the
operating-time of the system.
Researchers also may put their
efforts into developing and
integrating efficient energy
harvesting technologies to fulfill
the energy requirements of
wearable and mobile systems in
the smart home.
Diagram/Flowchart
8

Figure 1: Number of patient detailing.
9

2
Reference in APA format Yun, J. E., Park, J. E., Park, H. Y., Lee, H. Y., & Park, D. A. (2018). Comparative Effectiveness of
Telemonitoring Versus Usual Care for Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Journal of
cardiac failure, 24(1), 19-28.
URL of the Reference Authors Names and Emails
and Level of Journal
Keywords in this Reference
https://www-sciencedirect-
com.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/science/
article/pii/S1071916417312113
Author names: Ji Eun Yun, Jeong-
EunPark, Hyun-YoungPark, Hae-
YoungLee, Dong-AhPark
Level of Journal: Q1
Heart failure, telemonitoring, systematic review
meta-analysis
The Name of the Current
Solution (Technique/ Method/
Scheme/ Algorithm/ Model/
Tool/ Framework/ ... etc )
The Goal (Purpose) of this
Solution & What is the Problem
that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Techniques: Telemonitoring
Tools: Cochrane Risk of Bias (Rob)
Applied Area: Health care meta-
analysis.
Problem: Problem is the increasing
mortality risks in heart patients.
Goal: Mainly the aim is to reduce
mortality risks in heart patients and
increasing benefits in biological data
of the patients with continuous
monitoring.
Components of telemonitoring using IOT
include:
 Bias risk management.
 Primary delivery modes.
 Weight monitoring.
 Medication adherence.
 Medication reconciliation.
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The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; Means How the Problem has Solved & Advantage & Disadvantage of
Each Step in This Process
Process Steps Advantage Disadvanta
ge
(Limitation)
1 Literature search strategy: Complete research about the diseases found
in the patients is done under this phase as well as solutions to the respected
problems are also analyzed.
Provides the fast
solutions for diseases
analyzed.
Highly
complex to
manage.
2 Search strategy: Search strategy involves the detailed research by the
authors about diseases like cardiac interventions and rehabilitations.
Avails a detailed view of
diseases in a well-
evaluated form of
presentations and
reports.
Time
complexity is
very high.
3 Data extraction and quality assessment: Data extraction and quality
assessment include patient data extractions and the respective quality
checks for well telemonitoring. Basically, the detailing about disease cause is
done.
Avails complete quality
assessment of patient
data.
Individually
assessment
increases
time
complexity.
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4 Statistical Analysis: Statistical Analysis includes the statistical representation of the analyzed
data using Meta data analysis.
Avails a statistical view
of the patient data
analyzed with the help
of meta data.
Gathering
each
information
according to
patient
needs and
solutions
time
consumption
is high.
Major Impact Factors in this Work
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Data Extraction Data extraction should be carried out appropriately in order
to categorize all the patient data for an emergency
healthcare system.
Statistical analysis Statistical analysis should be carried out in an appropriate
way to ensure the presentable view of analyzed diseases
and their solutions in the telemonitoring process.
Input and Output The feature of This Solution Contribution & The Value of This
Work
Input Output
 Well, monitoring availability to deal with
complex patient data.
 Feasible reach to machinery for tests like
The contribution is in fields like:
 Reducing mortality rate of humans.
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Raw patient data
for analysis on
the basis of risk
biasing. Also for
complete
measurement
and analysis of
patients meta
data and the
increase in
mortality rate
information is
required of all
age groups. In
hardware
machinery like
ECG is required.
A well-monitored
system working
to reduce the
mortality rate in
all age groups
and also on the
heart risks and
increased
benefits of
biological
systems for
humans.
ECG.
 Well managed risk biasing using tool
Cochrane Risk of Bias
 Organised data analysis of the single patient
 Availability of healthcare system facilities
in an emergency.
This work values To demonstrate the data
efficiently by analyzing the metadata part of
patient and solutions to the issues they face
in emergencies.
4. were the conclusion justified
and How?
Analyse This Work By Critical Thinking The Tools That Assessed this Work
Yes, the conclusion was justified as all
the telemonitoring process steps
important to analyze health care
system using IOT are discussed in it.
Mainly the cause of the increase in
mortality rate of all age groups are
including meta data demonstration of
telemonitoring intervention in patients
are also discussed.
The implementation of this system will be helpful
to diagnose the patients in a speedy way. Also,
appropriate rehabilitation solutions can be even
more possible at earliest. Moreover required
medical recourse to the patient can be available in
very soon b the implementation of IOT techniques
using telemonitoring. Use of meta data has been
done successfully in analyzing the system.
Cochrane Risk of Bias (Rob) too is used to access the
risk of bias in the telemonitoring. Only theoretical and
diagrammatical representation is given in the journal
instead of the practical one.
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Diagram/Flowchart
Figure 2: Flow diagram of the search strategy.
14

3
Reference in APA format Halcomb, E., Purcell, R., Hickman, L., & Smyth, E. (2016). Telemonitoring is acceptable
amongst community dwelling older Australians with chronic conditions. Collegian, 23(4),
383-390.
URL of the Reference Authors Names and Emails
and Level of Journal
Keywords in this Reference
https://www-sciencedirect-
com.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/science/article/
pii/S1322769615000840
Authors Names: Elizabeth Halcomb,
Renee Purcell, Louise Hickman,
Elizabeth Smyth
Level of Journal: Q1
Telemonitoring,Practice nurse,General practice,Primary
care,Ageing,Chronic,Australia
The Name of the Current
Solution (Technique/ Method/
Scheme/ Algorithm/ Model/
Tool/ Framework/ ... etc )
The Goal (Purpose) of this
Solution & What is the Problem
that needs to be solved
What are the components of it?
Techniques: Telemonitoring
Tools: Data collection tools.
Applied Area: Health care.
Problem: Chronic and complex
conditions in general practice of
nurses in health care system.
Goal: To explore the perceptions of
community-dwelling older people
with telemonitoring intervention and
solve the issues
The key components of telemonitoring using IOT
and data collections tools for emergency
management in health care management are
given below.
 Monitoring and data collection tools.
 Pre and post-test interventions using
continuous telemonitoring.
15

s
 Driving out solutions for diseases like
heart issues and hypertension.
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; Means How the Problem has Solved & Advantage & Disadvantage of
Each Step in This Process
Process Steps Advantage Disadvantage (Limitation)
Study Design: Under this, a test
system was developed for intervention
study of telemonitoring using pre and
post tests to collect consumer data.
Avails data transmission to the highly
secure server.
Setting up the whole arrangement
is a tough task.
Recruitment: Under this phase one
to one meeting was organized and the
potential participations were sent an
invitation and a telemonitoring
demonstration was given to the
participants. Everything is handled by
project team leader.
Gives an idea of what and how the
telemonitoring equipment work in
the emergency period of health care
system.
Time complexity is very high.
Intervention: Using a Tunstall Mytelemedic
telehealth monitor, several monitoring variables are
checked under this. Addition to this different disease
algorithms is defined under this.
Algorithm defining to participants
assures better understanding for
processes like implementation.
Algorithm management is a
difficult task as any type of
complexity including time and
space can occur.
Data collection tool: Measurement
of data gathered at the time of
research is combined together.
Decreases space complexity. Individual data analysing gets
difficult.
Ethical considerations: Under this
human research ethics committee
Approves surveying legally. Process proves to be lengthy as
each of the legal documents has to
16

granted approval for both surveys
before participant recruitment.
be approved in this phase.
Data Analysis: Under this phase the
all collective data gathered is analysed
properly.
Complete check for missing data is
available.
Very less feasible .
Major Impact Factors in this Work
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Data Collection Data Collection should be done evenly in order to collect
each single data so that in emergency no information drop
has be faced.
Data Analysis To get a crystal clear view of what is the process behind
telemonitoring in health care system Data Analysis is
important to be achieved.
Input and Output Feature of This Solution Contribution & The Value of This
Work
Input Output
Raw data of the
patients to be
analysed in terms
to remove
chronic and
Output of these
results in a well
analysed data
with pre and post
monitored
Features include:
 Complete analysis on diseases
and their solutions.
 Successfully achieved
Telemonitoring Intervention in
data analyzing.
Contributions fields are dwelling older
people perceptions by community. In
addition to this creating an positive
experience and atmosphere for clients to
implement telemonitoring in
implementing telemonitoring technique.
17

complex
conditions in
general practices
of nurses.
perceptions with
telemonitoring
acceptance by
the Australian
community
dwelling older
people.
4. were the conclusion justified
and How?
Analyse This Work By Critical
Thinking
The Tools That Assessed this Work
Yes, the conclusion was justified as the
telemonitoring been demonstrated in
an organized manner for benefitting
with the conclusions of various
diseases. Addition to this Transmitting
benefits for physiological using
potentially strong benefits for
health .are discussed successfully.
Analyzing the whole work critically , I
concluded that each chronic and
complex diseases in patients, general
practice of nurses in health care system
and the role of telemonitoring
intervention is discussed successfully.
Data collection tools are used. Only the
theoretical implementation of data
collection tools is given instead of
practical ones.
Diagram/Flowchart
18

Figure 3:Pre and post monitoring perceptions
19

4
Reference in APA format Gallagher, B. D., Moise, N., Haerizadeh, M., Ye, S., Medina, V., & Kronish, I. M. (2017).
Telemonitoring Adherence to Medications in Heart Failure Patients (TEAM-HF): A Pilot
Randomized Clinical Trial. Journal of cardiac failure, 23(4), 345-349.
URL of the Reference Authors Names and Emails
and Level of Journal
Keywords in this Reference
https://www-sciencedirect-
com.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/science/
article/pii/S107191641631209X
Authors Names : Benjamin
D.Gallagher, NathalieMoise,
MytraHaerizadeh,SiqinYe,
VivianMedina, M.Kronish
Level of Journal: Q1
Heart failure, adherence, telemonitoring
Readmissions, self-care interventions
The Name of the Current
Solution (Technique/ Method/
Scheme/ Algorithm/ Model/
Tool/ Framework/ ... etc )
The Goal (Purpose) of this
Solution & What is the Problem
that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Techniques: Telemonitoring
Tools: Monitoring tools.
Applied Area: Healthcare.
Problem: The increasing heart
failure risks in patients and the lack
of monitoring system.
Goal: Basic goal is to test the
feasibility in telemonitoring
medication adherence of patients
suffering from heart failure risks.
Components of telemonitoring in emergency
healthcare system with the telemonitoring
implementation are listed below:
 Telephonic support for management of the
whole process.
 Systemised designs to manage
telemonitoring adherence.
20

The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; Means How the Problem has Solved & Advantage & Disadvantage of
Each Step in This Process
Process Steps Advantage Disadvantage (Limitation)
1 Design and setting: Randomised
designs or telemonitoring adherence is
compared with passive adherence
modelling.
Assures a well design path for future
patient data monitoring.
Time complexity is very high.
2 Randomisation and allocation
concealment: Simple random
sampling is processed for the patient
data under this phase.
Assures the correctness in patient
data by well categorisation according
to the age and other factors.
High time complexity.
3 Study protocol: Using a glow cap
system data transmissions about
opening and closing of communication
hub on the online portal is done.
Assures a secure communication. Process is quite lengthy.
4 Statistical analysis: The entire
patient data gathered is statistically
analysed and represented under this
phase.
Assures a well representation format
for patient data.
High time complexity.
Major Impact Factors in this Work
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Design and Setting. Design and Setting should be accurate in order to manage
21

the path for future telemonitoring adherence of patient
data.
Statistical analysis Statistical analysis should be accurate in order to assure a
reliable representation view of data analysed.
Input and Output Feature of This Solution Contribution & The Value of This
Work
Input Output
Input is the data
of patients
suffering from
heart failure
issues.
Analysed data
output of patients
suffering from
heart failure risks
with well
implemented
telemonitoring
adherence
technique.
Features involve :
 Systemised designs to manage
telemonitoring adherence.
 Feasibility achievement for
telemonitoring medication.
Contribution fields are:
 Dealing with feasibility issues of
telemonitoring.
 Design development for
telemonitoring adherence.
1. what in the method could have
been better?
2. What in the author analyses
were missed?
3. was there a technique that could
have been used, or a question that
could have been asked, that the
researchers did not use or ask?
Theoretical approach of the
telemonitoring adherence could be
better.
Algorithmic view could have been
shown by the author for better
understanding.
Big Data.
22

4. were the conclusion justified
and How?
Analyse This Work By Critical
Thinking
The Tools That Assessed this Work
Yes, the conclusion was justified as the
adherence telemonitoring technique
applicable to patients suffering from
heart failure issues is well discussed. In
addition to this diuretic non adherence
with respect to patients was well
defined in the journal and yes the most
important thing is the future of
adherence telemonitoring to reduce
readmissions in the patients with heart
failure risks is also discussed.
.
By critical thinking the complete
analysis of adherence telemonitoring is
done with the parents suffering from
heart failure issues and with this
research and analysis on diuretic non
adherence telemonitoring is also
reached. Most important thing analyzed
is the future assessments where
telemonitoring can be improved.
Monitoring tools have assessed this work.
Only theoretical implementation is given
instead of the algorithmic representation.
Diagram/Flowchart
23

Figure 4: Telemonitoring Adherence to Medications in Heart Failure Patients.
Version 2.0 _ Week 2
24

5
Reference in APA format Voeller, H., Bindl, D., Nagels, K., Hofmann, R., Vettorazzi, E., Wegscheider, K., ... & Nagel, E. (2017).
REMOTE TELEMONITORING IN CHRONIC HEART FAILURE DOES NOT REDUCE HEALTHCARE
COST BUT IMPROVES QUALITY OF LIFE: ENDPOINTS OF THE CARDIOBBEAT TRIAL. Journal of
the American College of Cardiology, 69(11 Supplement), 672.
URL of the Reference Authors Names and Emails
and Level of Journal
Keywords in this Reference
https://www-sciencedirect-
com.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/science/article/
pii/S0735109717340615
HeinzVoeller,DominikBindl,KlausNagels,Rein
erHofmann,EikVettorazzi,KarlWegscheider,Ec
kartFleckEckhardNagel
 Chronic Heart failure
 telemonitoring
 Mortality
 meta-analysis
The Name of the Current
Solution (Technique/ Method/
Scheme/ Algorithm/ Model/
Tool/ Framework/ ... etc )
The Goal (Purpose) of this
Solution & What is the Problem
that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Techniques: meta-analysis technique
Tools: RFIDs
Applied Area: the applied area is
healthcare
Problem: it is used to remove random errors.
Goal:
 mortality risk can be reduced
 More frequent transmission.
 Increase the effectiveness of TM.
 Statistical method.
 Fixed effect model.
25

The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; Means How the Problem has Solved & Advantage & Disadvantage of
Each Step in This Process
Process Steps Advantage Disadvantage (Limitation)
1 Selection Save effort Discourage large definitive trials
2 Extraction Hypothesis testing can be used. Computationally complex
3 Evolution of validity Accuracy. Time trends
4 Use genetic model Reduce mortality NA
5 Evaluation of heterogeneity Increase statistical power NA
Major Impact Factors in this Work
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Dataset Sources.
Extraction Extract useful data from dataset
Input and Output Feature of This Solution Contribution & The Value of This
Work
Input Output Identify the data gaps This method is important of the health care system
26

Single dataset as
input.
Increase statistical
power
Hypothesis tests
It reduces the subjectivity.
Increase the statistical power
because it reduces the mortality risk. And increase
the effectiveness of telemonitoring
1. what in the method could have
been better?
2. what in the author analyses
were missed?
3. was there a technique that could
have been used, or a question that
could have been asked, that the
researchers did not use or ask?
The data extraction process should be included in
this report, which is used to extract the data, and
it reduces the time.
Some process is missing in this report and they
are data extraction, search strategy. Interpretation
of the result.
How to reduce the time for analyzing the data?
How to extract the data in a linear way?
What is the search strategy?
4. were the conclusion justified
and How?
Analyse This Work By Critical
Thinking
The Tools That Assessed this Work
Yes, the conclusion was justified because by
using this data can be analysis and it can be
monitored for the health care.
The positive point of this technique is Hypothesis
tests
The negative point of this technique is that it
consumes more time.
Sensors, cameras, and RFIDs, internet access.
Diagram/Flowchart
27

Figure 5: Meta analysis process step.
28
Selection
Extraction
Evolution of validity
Use genetic model
Evaluation of heterogeneity

6
Reference in APA format Liu, B., Zhang, Z., Xu, G., Fan, H., & Fu, Q. (2014). Energy efficient telemonitoring of physiological signals
via compressed sensing: A fast algorithm and power consumption evaluation. Biomedical Signal Processing
and Control, 11, 80-88.
URL of the Reference Authors Names and Emails
and Level of Journal
Keywords in this Reference
https://www-sciencedirect-
com.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/science/article/
pii/S1746809414000366 BenyuanLiua, ZhilinZhangb, GaryXubHongqi,
FanaQiangFu
Low-power data compression
Compressed sensing (CS)
Block sparse Bayesian learning (BSBL)
Electrocardiography (ECG)
programmable gate array (FPGA)Electroencephalography
(EEG)
Field
The Name of the Current
Solution (Technique/ Method/
Scheme/ Algorithm/ Model/
Tool/ Framework/ ... etc )
The Goal (Purpose) of this
Solution & What is the Problem
that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Techniques: distributed compressed
sensing technique
Tools: sensors
Applied Area: healthcare
Problem: used to solve the undetermined
problem, signal measurement
Goal:
 Used for integrated sensing.
 Define the frame rate and modulation
rate.
ECG telemonitoring
ICA decomposition
29

The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; Means How the Problem has Solved & Advantage & Disadvantage of
Each Step in This Process
Process Steps Advantage Disadvantage (Limitation)
1 Packets reconstructed Fast response Cost.
2 Feature extractor Good throughput Complex
3 Binary classifier Easy to handle NA
Major Impact Factors in this Work
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Feature extractor Data extraction process
Binary classifier Encoding process
Input and Output Feature of This Solution Contribution & The Value of This
Work
Input Output
Complex data as a compressible signals
Reduce bandwidth
Reduce sensing power
This technique is important for the healthcare
because it reduces the sensing need and provides
30

input Reduce storage complex recovery algorithm.
1. what in the method could have
been better?
2. what in the author analyses
were missed?
3. was there a technique that could
have been used, or a question that
could have been asked, that the
researchers did not use or ask?
Generative model-based monitoring should be
used for the health care because it reduces
unwanted communication from the network.
Some process is missing in this report and they
are generative model-based monitoring, joint
sparse representation classification technique.
How to extract the data for monitoring?
How to analysis different data from different
sources?
4. were the conclusion justified
and How?
Analyse This Work By Critical
Thinking
The Tools That Assessed this Work
Yes, the conclusion was justified because it
reconstructs the packets, extract the features and
classify the data.
The positive point of this technique is Feature
extractor
Negative point:
 Information complexity
 Hard data management
Digital devices, sensors, networks, etc.
Diagram/Flowchart
31

Figure 6: Distributed compressed sensing technique.
32
Packets reconstructed
Feature extractor
Binary classifier

7
Reference in APA format Wood, P. W., Boulanger, P., & Padwal, R. S. (2017). Home blood pressure telemonitoring: Rationale for use,
required elements, and barriers to implementation in Canada. Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 33(5), 619-625.
URL of the Reference Authors Names and Emails
and Level of Journal
Keywords in this Reference
https://www-sciencedirect-
com.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/science/article/
pii/S0828282X16311783 Peter W.Wood, MScaPierre BoulangerMSc,
PhDbRaj S.PadwalMD
Telemonitoring
Healthcare
data compression
The Name of the Current
Solution (Technique/ Method/
Scheme/ Algorithm/ Model/
Tool/ Framework/ ... etc )
The Goal (Purpose) of this
Solution & What is the Problem
that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Techniques: blood pressure monitoring
technique
Tools:
Applied Area: healthcare
Problem: resolve the blood measurement
problem.
Goal:
 Monitor the Blood pressure.
 Display result graphically.
 Calculate parameter automatically
Screening process.
Randomization process.
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; Means How the Problem has Solved & Advantage & Disadvantage of
Each Step in This Process
33

Process Steps Advantage Disadvantage (Limitation)
1 Receive the external signal as input Remove errors in reading Storage memory
2 Analysis the data Reproducibility expensive
3 Monitor the readings Low-cost monitors NA
4 Store the readings A large number of measurement NA
5 Display the reading Display the result graphically NA
Major Impact Factors in this Work
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Data server Store different data
Network Transfer the data from one end to another end.
Input and Output Feature of This Solution Contribution & The Value of This
Work
Input Output
External signal as an
input
Display the result
automatically
 Reproducibility
 Display the result graphically
 A large number of measurement
This technology is important for the health care by
using this technology user can measure the blood
pressure
34

1. what in the method could have
been better?
2. what in the author analyses
were missed?
3. was there a technique that could
have been used, or a question that
could have been asked, that the
researchers did not use or ask?
Compressed sensing technique should be used in
this report which is used for signal processing.
Some points are missing in this report and they
are compressed sensing technique and sampling
technique.
How to maintain different data at same time?
4. were the conclusion justified
and How?
Analyse This Work By Critical
Thinking
The Tools That Assessed this Work
Yes, the conclusion was justified because by
using this technique patient can measure the
blood pressure.
The positive point of this technique of this
technique is that patient can check BP in easy
steps.
Negative points of this technique it is expensive.
Smart device, set-top box, server, internet access,
etc.
Diagram/Flowchart
35

Figure 7: BP telemonitoring technique.
36

8
Reference in APA format Qi, J., Yang, P., Min, G., Amft, O., Dong, F., & Xu, L. (2017). Advanced internet of things for personalised
healthcare systems: A survey. Pervasive and Mobile Computing, 41, 132-149.
URL of the Reference Authors Names and Emails
and Level of Journal
Keywords in this Reference
https://www-sciencedirect-
com.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/science/article/
pii/S1574119217303255 JunQiaPo, YangaGeyong, MinbOliver,
AmftcFengDongd, LidaXue
 Internet of things
 Personalized
 Healthcare system
 Survey
The Name of the Current
Solution (Technique/ Method/
Scheme/ Algorithm/ Model/
Tool/ Framework/ ... etc )
The Goal (Purpose) of this
Solution & What is the Problem
that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Techniques: Radio Frequency
Identification technique
Tools:
Applied Area: healthcare
Problem: Problems are related to security,
implementation, ethical and social issue,
intelligent design etc.
Goal:
 Remove the security risks.
 Flexible
 Cost effective.
Host
RFID reader
Interrogation zone
Transponder
37

The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; Means How the Problem has Solved & Advantage & Disadvantage of
Each Step in This Process
Process Steps Advantage Disadvantage (Limitation)
1 Application layer The installation process is easy Heating effect.
2 Data processing layer High frequency Security issues.
3 Network layer Perform smart tasks Denial of service.
4 Sensor Layer Wide data-capacity range
Major Impact Factors in this Work
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Decoding process Used to extract the data from packets
Storage Store the data
Input and Output Feature of This Solution Contribution & The Value of This
Work
Input Output
Smart medial sensors Data is utilized in
 Improve the inventory control
 Reduce costs.
This technique is useful for health care because the
monitoring process will be easy for medical field by
using this technique
38

output  Reduce the complexity
1. what in the method could have
been better?
2. what in the author analyses
were missed?
3. was there a technique that could
have been used, or a question that
could have been asked, that the
researchers did not use or ask?
distributed compressed sensing technique should
be used in this report which is used to measure
different signals
blood pressure monitoring technique and
distributed compressed sensing technique are
missing in this report
How to measure signals from different sources
4. were the conclusion justified
and How?
Analyse This Work By Critical
Thinking
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Yes this conclusion was justified because
analysis process and decoding process are
described to decode the data
The positive point of this report is that it reduces
the time.
The negative point of this technique is that
sometimes it creates security issues
Different sensors, monitoring tools, internet, digital
devices.
Diagram/Flowchart
39

Figure 8: The process step for RFID.
Version 3.0 _ Week 3
9
Reference in APA format
URL of the Reference Authors Names and Emails
and Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …
Qn)
Keywords in this Reference
40
Application layer
Data processing layer
Network layer
Sensor layer

The Name of the Current
Solution (Technique/ Method/
Scheme/ Algorithm/ Model/
Tool/ Framework/ ... etc )
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Solution & What is the Problem
that need to be solved
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Techniques:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; Means How the Problem has Solved & Advantage & Disadvantage of
Each Step in This Process
Process Steps Advantage Disadvantage (Limitation)
1
2
3
4
5
Major Impact Factors in this Work
41

Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Input and Output Feature of This Solution Contribution & The Value of This
Work
Input Output
1. what in the method could have
been better?
2. what in the author analyses
were missed?
3. was there a technique that could
have been used, or a question that
could have been asked, that the
researchers did not use or ask?
42

4. were the conclusion justified
and How?
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10
Reference in APA format
URL of the Reference Authors Names and Emails
and Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …
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Keywords in this Reference
The Name of the Current
Solution (Technique/ Method/
Scheme/ Algorithm/ Model/
Tool/ Framework/ ... etc )
The Goal (Purpose) of this
Solution & What is the Problem
that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Techniques:
Tools:
Problem:
Goal:
43

Applied Area:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; Means How the Problem has Solved & Advantage & Disadvantage of
Each Step in This Process
Process Steps Advantage Disadvantage (Limitation)
1
2
3
4
5
Major Impact Factors in this Work
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
44

Input and Output Feature of This Solution Contribution & The Value of This
Work
Input Output
1. what in the method could have
been better?
2. what in the author analyses
were missed?
3. was there a technique that could
have been used, or a question that
could have been asked, that the
researchers did not use or ask?
4. were the conclusion justified
and How?
Analyse This Work By Critical
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11
Reference in APA format
URL of the Reference Authors Names and Emails
and Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …
Qn)
Keywords in this Reference
The Name of the Current
Solution (Technique/ Method/
Scheme/ Algorithm/ Model/
Tool/ Framework/ ... etc )
The Goal (Purpose) of this
Solution & What is the Problem
that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Techniques:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; Means How the Problem has Solved & Advantage & Disadvantage of
Each Step in This Process
46

Process Steps Advantage Disadvantage (Limitation)
1
2
3
4
5
Major Impact Factors in this Work
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Input and Output Feature of This Solution Contribution & The Value of This
Work
47

Input Output
1. what in the method could have
been better?
2. what in the author analyses
were missed?
3. was there a technique that could
have been used, or a question that
could have been asked, that the
researchers did not use or ask?
4. were the conclusion justified
and How?
Analyse This Work By Critical
Thinking
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Diagram/Flowchart
12
Reference in APA format
URL of the Reference Authors Names and Emails
and Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …
Qn)
Keywords in this Reference
48

The Name of the Current
Solution (Technique/ Method/
Scheme/ Algorithm/ Model/
Tool/ Framework/ ... etc )
The Goal (Purpose) of this
Solution & What is the Problem
that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Techniques:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; Means How the Problem has Solved & Advantage & Disadvantage of
Each Step in This Process
Process Steps Advantage Disadvantage (Limitation)
1
2
3
4
5
49

Major Impact Factors in this Work
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Input and Output Feature of This Solution Contribution & The Value of This
Work
Input Output
1. what in the method could have
been better?
2. what in the author analyses
were missed?
3. was there a technique that could
have been used, or a question that
could have been asked, that the
researchers did not use or ask?
50

4. were the conclusion justified
and How?
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13
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URL of the Reference Authors Names and Emails
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Keywords in this Reference
The Name of the Current
Solution (Technique/ Method/
Scheme/ Algorithm/ Model/
The Goal (Purpose) of this
Solution & What is the Problem
What are the components of it?
51

Tool/ Framework/ ... etc ) that need to be solved
Techniques:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; Means How the Problem has Solved & Advantage & Disadvantage of
Each Step in This Process
Process Steps Advantage Disadvantage (Limitation)
1
2
3
4
5
Major Impact Factors in this Work
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
52

Input and Output Feature of This Solution Contribution & The Value of This
Work
Input Output
1. what in the method could have
been better?
2. what in the author analyses
were missed?
3. was there a technique that could
have been used, or a question that
could have been asked, that the
researchers did not use or ask?
4. were the conclusion justified
and How?
Analyse This Work By Critical
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Diagram/Flowchart
14
Reference in APA format
URL of the Reference Authors Names and Emails
and Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …
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Keywords in this Reference
The Name of the Current
Solution (Technique/ Method/
Scheme/ Algorithm/ Model/
Tool/ Framework/ ... etc )
The Goal (Purpose) of this
Solution & What is the Problem
that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Techniques:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
54

The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; Means How the Problem has Solved & Advantage & Disadvantage of
Each Step in This Process
Process Steps Advantage Disadvantage (Limitation)
1
2
3
4
5
Major Impact Factors in this Work
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
55

Input and Output Feature of This Solution Contribution & The Value of This
Work
Input Output
1. what in the method could have
been better?
2. what in the author analyses
were missed?
3. was there a technique that could
have been used, or a question that
could have been asked, that the
researchers did not use or ask?
4. were the conclusion justified
and How?
Analyse This Work By Critical
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15
56

Reference in APA format
URL of the Reference Authors Names and Emails
and Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …
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Keywords in this Reference
The Name of the Current
Solution (Technique/ Method/
Scheme/ Algorithm/ Model/
Tool/ Framework/ ... etc )
The Goal (Purpose) of this
Solution & What is the Problem
that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Techniques:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; Means How the Problem has Solved & Advantage & Disadvantage of
Each Step in This Process
Process Steps Advantage Disadvantage (Limitation)
1
2
57

3
4
5
Major Impact Factors in this Work
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Input and Output Feature of This Solution Contribution & The Value of This
Work
Input Output
1. what in the method could have 2. what in the author analyses 3. was there a technique that could
58

been better? were missed? have been used, or a question that
could have been asked, that the
researchers did not use or ask?
4. were the conclusion justified
and How?
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Solution & What is the Problem
What are the components of it?
59

Scheme/ Algorithm/ Model/
Tool/ Framework/ ... etc )
that need to be solved
Techniques:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; Means How the Problem has Solved & Advantage & Disadvantage of
Each Step in This Process
Process Steps Advantage Disadvantage (Limitation)
1
2
3
4
5
Major Impact Factors in this Work
60

Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Input and Output Feature of This Solution Contribution & The Value of This
Work
Input Output
1. what in the method could have
been better?
2. what in the author analyses
were missed?
3. was there a technique that could
have been used, or a question that
could have been asked, that the
researchers did not use or ask?
4. were the conclusion justified
and How?
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17
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The Name of the Current
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Scheme/ Algorithm/ Model/
Tool/ Framework/ ... etc )
The Goal (Purpose) of this
Solution & What is the Problem
that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Techniques:
Tools:
Problem:
Goal:
62

Applied Area:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; Means How the Problem has Solved & Advantage & Disadvantage of
Each Step in This Process
Process Steps Advantage Disadvantage (Limitation)
1
2
3
4
5
Major Impact Factors in this Work
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
63

Input and Output Feature of This Solution Contribution & The Value of This
Work
Input Output
1. what in the method could have
been better?
2. what in the author analyses
were missed?
3. was there a technique that could
have been used, or a question that
could have been asked, that the
researchers did not use or ask?
4. were the conclusion justified
and How?
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18
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Tool/ Framework/ ... etc )
The Goal (Purpose) of this
Solution & What is the Problem
that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Techniques:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; Means How the Problem has Solved & Advantage & Disadvantage of
Each Step in This Process
Process Steps Advantage Disadvantage (Limitation)
65

1
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Major Impact Factors in this Work
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Input and Output Feature of This Solution Contribution & The Value of This
Work
Input Output
66

1. what in the method could have
been better?
2. what in the author analyses
were missed?
3. was there a technique that could
have been used, or a question that
could have been asked, that the
researchers did not use or ask?
4. were the conclusion justified
and How?
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The Name of the Current
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Tool/ Framework/ ... etc )
The Goal (Purpose) of this
Solution & What is the Problem
that need to be solved
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Techniques:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; Means How the Problem has Solved & Advantage & Disadvantage of
Each Step in This Process
Process Steps Advantage Disadvantage (Limitation)
1
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Major Impact Factors in this Work
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Input and Output Feature of This Solution Contribution & The Value of This
Work
Input Output
1. what in the method could have
been better?
2. what in the author analyses
were missed?
3. was there a technique that could
have been used, or a question that
could have been asked, that the
researchers did not use or ask?
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What are the components of it?
Techniques: Problem:
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Tools:
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Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; Means How the Problem has Solved & Advantage & Disadvantage of
Each Step in This Process
Process Steps Advantage Disadvantage (Limitation)
1
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5
Major Impact Factors in this Work
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
71

Input and Output Feature of This Solution Contribution & The Value of This
Work
Input Output
1. what in the method could have
been better?
2. what in the author analyses
were missed?
3. was there a technique that could
have been used, or a question that
could have been asked, that the
researchers did not use or ask?
4. were the conclusion justified
and How?
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Input and Output Feature of This Solution Contribution & The Value of This
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Work
Input Output
1. what in the method could have
been better?
2. what in the author analyses
were missed?
3. was there a technique that could
have been used, or a question that
could have been asked, that the
researchers did not use or ask?
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Techniques:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; Means How the Problem has Solved & Advantage & Disadvantage of
Each Step in This Process
Process Steps Advantage Disadvantage (Limitation)
1
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3
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4
5
Major Impact Factors in this Work
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Input and Output Feature of This Solution Contribution & The Value of This
Work
Input Output
1. what in the method could have
been better?
2. what in the author analyses
were missed?
3. was there a technique that could
have been used, or a question that
77

could have been asked, that the
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Tool/ Framework/ ... etc )
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Dependent Variable Independent Variable
79

Input and Output Feature of This Solution Contribution & The Value of This
Work
Input Output
1. what in the method could have
been better?
2. what in the author analyses
were missed?
3. was there a technique that could
have been used, or a question that
could have been asked, that the
researchers did not use or ask?
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The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; Means How the Problem has Solved & Advantage & Disadvantage of
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Input and Output Feature of This Solution Contribution & The Value of This
Work
Input Output
1. what in the method could have
been better?
2. what in the author analyses
were missed?
3. was there a technique that could
have been used, or a question that
could have been asked, that the
researchers did not use or ask?
4. were the conclusion justified
and How?
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84