Counselling Psychology Case Study Analysis

This assignment requires you to critically analyze case studies related to counseling psychology, focusing on ethical considerations and application of relevant theories. You will need to demonstrate your understanding of key ethical principles outlined by professional organizations like the ACA and PACFA, and how they guide counselors' actions in diverse situations. The analysis should also incorporate person-centered counselling perspectives and consider the impact of cultural diversity on ethical practice.

Issues of diversity in Person
centred counselling

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY ..................................................................................................................................1
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
Person centred counselling is also known as client centred counselling. It is a kind of
humanistic approach which deals with different ways individual themselves consciously rather
than how counsellor interpret their individual thoughts and ideas. Present essay is based on
issues of diversity in person centred counselling. Diversity and equality is the negative impact
which gives adverse results on students. Present essay discuss about the person centred approach
which is very helpful to guide.
MAIN BODY
Community surrounding with many several cultures people which belongs from different
nature and environment (Bond, 2015). They having contrary caste, religion, gender, race etc.
globalisation is the exposure of highly diverse population. Individual has their own needs and
wants. Due to heavy population and having different people they may arise issues and conflicts
between the persons. There are many issues which facing students and children in their day to
day life. In today's concept both identify and human diversity have become integral and
important aspects of people. Peoples has various family structure and experiences in which they
brought up. It has significant differences in a place ethnicity, race, religion, gender and other
negative effects may impact on the student lives (Cooper and Dryden, eds., 2015). Besides,
Diversity is considered an important factor which affects the student mental health which gives
overall impact on their environmental surroundings. Diversity is the negative term which affects
the individual mental health which is not good for the future. In respect of that counsellor plays a
very important and crucial role. With the help of counselling and human centred therapy it has
become easy to guide students in perfect manner. It helps to get the success of any outcomes of
therapy. Professional counsellor acknowledge the matter and give the best cure to the clients.
World has become multicultural, multi-ethnic and multinational place which gives huge diversity
and inequality between peoples. Moreover, the role of the counselling is very much effective
they help people to motivate and encouraging in the context of positive manner. Besides, there
are some impacts which giving negative impact on the individual minds. Such as people
suffering from mental health problems due to inequalities. Men and women also suffering from
the mental issues due to diversity in inequality (Corey, 2015). Women experiences from
depression and anxiety. Women cannot seek take help from others as compare to men. Due to
which they tend to under depression. Likewise, Due to negative experiences with students and
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child in classrooms or any public area they cannot handle those situations properly and get into
the mental issues. Many of the population get die to due suffering from bad experiences and the
reason behind is diversity in inequality (Douglas and et.al., 2016). People centred therapist is the
most important aspects of delivering services that are culturally sensitive. Counselling is the
session which gives some guidelines and mental health care tips to those people who needed that.
This may give relief to the people who surfers issues due to diversity in society. The
responsibility of the therapists is not only aware of a client cultural differences they also have to
guard against the tendency of traditional, western forms of therapy to give more services to the
individual. More apart there are various issues of diversity through which student take wrong
action and get into the trouble. Besides, client centred therapy has been criticized by the
behaviourists for lacking structure for actually providing a conditional relationship. This theory
is given by the Rogers in 1940 (Erford, 2017). This therapy helps person for self actualising
tendency. In counselling practises counsellor may faces different issues and factors which may
occur issues and challenges such as cultural factors, economic factors, human behaviour etc.
These factors may occur diversity in nature. Counselling is the way through which person get
guidance and better methods to make its life normal. Besides, at the time of counselling session
client may facing diversity issues which gives negative impact on the mind.
As already mentioned that person centred therapy is also known as client therapy in
which individual take control of their self and enhance their self confidence. In this session
counsellor gives treatment and try to terminate the individual issues (Feltham, Hanley and
Winter, eds., 2017). Counsellor needs to make sure that therapist is expected to be non-
judgemental, empathetic and understanding. There are many children who suffered from
sexually abuse due to which they lost their way and mind setup (Person- centred therapy, 2018).
For that, counsellors provides various approaches and techniques to make them happy again.
Counsellor help client to uncover and express their own feelings. It is the duty of counsellor to
expected themselves in the clients position to understand the actual feelings of client. This
session gives clients to think new positive way again. This therapy applied on the students who
surfers from anxiety, depression, alcohol, sexually abused adults. On the apart, during the session
of counselling its may possible that due to person centred approach people facing the issue of
diversity and inequality (Goodyear and et.al., 2016). Due to which they not getting better results
or response. It is the responsibility of the counsellor to make sure the client safety regardless
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their gender, age, ethnicity, national or ethnic origin, culture, class, ability, religion, beliefs and
sexual orientation. This makes person demotivated and get back into the same level. Besides, the
best part of the person centred approach is communication between the clients and the therapist.
This process or way to communicate about the issues in which person express their issues in
front of the counsellor (Herlihy and Corey, 2014). It aids in helping the issue and increasing the
sense of well being of clients. Through which counsellor may take the best efforts and techniques
to reduce the problems of person. Besides, person centred approach having the drawbacks of
lack of intervention of the clients. In which they cannot show their own abilities to others. There
is no involvement and interference of therapist in order to guide and revert back. This has lack of
intervention and effective communication between the clients. Through which client not get
satisfied properly. Student facing diversity issues in which they get irritated and unsatisfied,
person centred therapy not allow person to offer help as well. Moreover, these crises and
negative activities in the person centred approach may arise stress. Apart from that crises
interventions stated that individual make itself more strong and capable to handle the things in
perfect manner. Clients or individual persons make itself compatible to deal with threats and
challenging situations. Apart from that, person centred approach provides person safe and correct
path. On which they explore their self and honest and make solve their own problems in good
manner. This session motivate students or individuals who suffers from any issues or wrongful
activity (Liu, Speed and Beaver, 2015). Moreover, person centred approach of counselling is
paramount importance for counsellor. In order to meet the needs and requirements of individual
counsellor needs to hold certain philosophical beliefs and attitude which uphold the worth. The
counsellor who provides lip service only for sake of ideas that each person is valuable and plays
a very important role. This technique will prove wrong and ineffective. Accordance with the
Carl Rogers relationship between client and counsellor dependent on the three core conditions
which is congruence, unconditional positive regards and empathy (Critically evaluate Person
Centred Counselling, 2015). Understanding of the self concept is very necessary in person
centred approach to understand inner feelings of the individual. This helps to determine the
individual perception of an individual. Children who facing the child abuse and sexual abused
due to which they suffer from depression (Martin, 2015). They require more guidance and
correct path so that they move on to the same other ways. Counselling session must be according
to provide best services to the needed person. Counsellor has no rights to treat any individual or
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person without any using diversity with them. Along with that person centred counselling is the
positive process which helps students or individual to take away from the diversity or inequality.
Person centred approach is not fruitful sometimes because counsellor adopt the diversity and
inequality between the persons due which this approach is not very much effective (Murphy, ed.,
2017). Moreover, the another main drawback of person centred approach is that they sometimes
counsellor focus on the individual person without concerning the other persons. Another
criticism levelled at the person centred approach is that ability of practitioner to not over
priorities supportive. This approach another negative impact on students that therapeutic focus
being very much on the present. Besides, person centred approach is also given maintain focus or
attention to the client as per their case and issues. This is very much self-centred about his
clients. Somewhere some students who facing abuses and negative environment. So these
centred approaches and therapies helps them to give support and effective ways of working to
the clients (Pearce and et.al., 2017). Moreover, the focus of the counsellor is on the clients and its
needs. They help to motivate the confidence level of the clients to enhance the positive attitude
in them. The main aim of the psychometric approach is to give the best surroundings so that
clients avoids their negative experiences. This helps to make students comfortable and relax.
Clients or individual has dynamic nature and issues according to that people centred approach is
not very much effective so that they may occur negative impacts on students. Through which
they fail to approach the students or cannot achieve the mind setup or intervene. In accordance
with these issues has arisen so that, during person centred approach student and individual facing
challenges related races, caste discrimination on the basis of gender age. Due to which counsellor
fails to reach the target. Counsellor deals with different multicultural and diverse context for
counselling in which they adopt diversity due to which individual cannot get good treatment.
With the help of these issues students may increase their own understanding of diversity issues in
counselling (Wilson, Ledbetter and Pergament, 2015).
On the other side this centred approach gives clients to show their caring nature, being
non judgemental and empathise. It is important for the students to learn the understanding skills
about the diversity of cultures, ethnic, religions, backgrounds and sexual orientation. This helps
students to integrate and make them more knowledgable on the topic of diversity. They feel
discomfort at initial stage but afterwards they make itself strong and tolerance to handle the
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difficult situations (Douglas and et.al., 2016). These are the positive and negative aspects of
diversity with students (Positive and Negative aspects of diversity in classroom, 2018).
In accordance with the ethical standards for counselling is very much important for the
counsellor. These ethical standards of the counselling helps to protect the public from harm
(Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia, 2013). This supports of ethical
consideration practices of counsellor and psychotherapists is needed to hold the responsibility of
persons or individuals. (PACFA) Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia is the
setting the high standards of ethical conduct for the counselling profession which keep the
environment safe and secure. Along with that, counsellors should amend all ethical consideration
which safe the environment (Erford, 2017). Registrants, including practitioners, affiliates,
educators, trainers and researchers will be along with that, this is the regulatory and mandatory
regulations which helps counsellor to provide fair services to the customers. Counselling is
mandatory to registered under PACFA code of ethics 2017. The main aim is to promote the
social issues and spread the guideline are applicable to the wide range of research position.
Counselling research is the position where they handle the public issues and give them best
sources in order to enhance the services of the public. Besides, ethical standards make sure that
counsellor provides good practises to the persons or clients. Moreover, the main objectives of the
ethical standards is to protect the individual needs and wants and take action against the
wrongful counsellors. These standards also make sure the effectiveness and enhancement in the
quality of services. Credibility and standing of counselling practitioners requires the systemically
and continually seek and enhance the quality (Goodyear and et.al., 2016). These ethical
standards of counselling helps to enhance the trustworthiness this is the dimension of counselling
which creates trust among the individuals. It aids the trust of clients and maintain the good
relation with the clients. This is required in the counselling to tell the truth. This ethics set the
trustworthiness high standards. This may create good effective environment. This also helps to
managing the risks of research. This also helps to get the relationship with research participants.
Without the concern of the students' counsellor cannot take steps further in order to give the
treatment. There must equality and fair consent with the individuals who really require
counselling guidance. The main aim of the researcher is to establish the main objectives is to
good research practice (Murphy, ed., 2017).
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On the basis of above discussion, it is summarized that counselling is the method which
help to reduce the negativity in the students in context of diversity in equality. PACFA provides
training in ethics or in ethical practice to support practitioners so that counsellor maintain its
ethical standards. Moreover, this is the important function in order to enhance the effective
practises of counsellor. In order to consider person centred approach researcher helps to
determine the individual context and methods to enhance the better services (Goodyear and et.al.,
2016). It is very necessary for the people to promote the equality in education is essential for
counsellor or for students as well. It is the duty of counsellor to make educate student that
individual having unique characteristics so take this into positive manner instead of negative
way.
Diversity in person centred counselling is take things and student perception into negative
manner. On the basis of race, caste, religion people treat student into negative manner. Due to
which they get sexual abused. This is the negative impact on the growth of students. This may
give lack of confidence and demotivation among individuals. Counselling research helps to
identify the issues and take corrective action against the false activities. Furthermore, counselling
involves negative activities where counsellor treat students on the basis of discrimination which
is almost illegal in case of law (Martin, 2015). Besides, the issues facing by the students is sexual
abused, depression, anxiety etc. the main function of the counsellor is to protect the needs and
safety of students or their clients. This gives the right way to enhance individual confidence level
through which they get demotivated. There are certain issues of diversity in equality in
counselling such as the rate of depression has been increasing among students or individual,
person suicide rate has been increasing due to depression and anxiety. These activities are
occurred due to equality and diversity. Another issues that sometimes society would not except
who comes from asylum seekers, gypsy or travelling peoples. These are comes under races or
ethnicity. Community also not included students who are disabled and suffering from any mental
issues. So these are the differences are facing by the individual in the counselling person centred
approach. Moreover, counsellor needs and duty to adopt fair activities with the person in order to
provide best co-counselling and remove discrimination among students. Inequality arise
discrimination and pre justice with people. These activities give negative impact on the minds of
the persons who suffers from the issues (Herlihy and Corey, 2014). This also reduce the
motivation and confidence level of the person. Moreover, moreover the inequality or diversity is
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the negative activity which impacts on the human behaviour which causes negative activities.
Which occurs the main issue and negative activities. Besides, culture and counselling provides
support and assistance helps to individual in order to take good practises of counselling. Person
centred approach must be fruitful and attractive which enhance the equality level this may occur
positive activities. Counselling or person therapy is the best attention and giving good treatment
in order to remove the bad and ineffective activities (Murphy, ed., 2017). Moreover, counselling
implication must be implemented in respect of individual context as a counsellor it is the duty of
him to take corrective treatment and arrange healthy environment to provide best services to the
individual person. Moreover, the another way is to create better way to minimize the
discrimination activities. As per the equality act 2010, counsellor cannot adopt negative practises
which occur big disasters. Moreover, the main aim of this research is to concentrate on the issues
in context of inequality and diversity which causes children sexual abuse, discrimination,
inequality. As per the ethical standards of counselling which guides and gives the ethical
legislation which safe the individual harm practises adopted by the counsellor. Along with that,
that counsellor needs to adopt fair practises and provide good guidance to the needed person who
genuinely require some support and good path in order to settle the things in good manner.
Along with that, society should also adopt some positive thoughts and try to remove the
inequality among the persons (Goodyear and et.al., 2016). This may cause several demises and
human issues which gives negative impact on the human behaviour. This is the reason for which
government take strict action against the persons who apply those false activities. Counselling is
the process which focus on the person centred approach through which they focus on the
individual person. So that, they determine the issues and individual conflicts in their life's. Along
with that, counselling person centred approach is the fruit full approach or therapy which guides
individual to enhance the confidence and motivation level. In order to that, another step taken by
the counsellor is to focus on the individual behaviour so that they give treatment according to
that manner. Moreover, self centred approach sometimes arise diversity and discrimination.
Through which person cannot feel lonely and discriminated. For that counsellor needs to take
some steps' in order to full fill the needs of the student or individual. Counsellor may give or
negative impact on the person behaviour (Herlihy and Corey, 2014).
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CONCLUSION
From the above discussion, it can be concluded that issues of diversity in equality within
counselling may give positive and negative impact on the behaviour of individual.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Bond, T., 2015. Standards and ethics for counselling in action. Sage.
Cooper, M. and Dryden, W. eds., 2015. The handbook of pluralistic counselling and
psychotherapy. Sage.
Corey, G., 2015. Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy. Nelson Education.
Douglas, B. and et.al., 2016. The handbook of counselling psychology. SAGE.
Erford, B. T., 2017. Orientation to the counseling profession: Advocacy, ethics, and essential
professional foundations. Pearson.
Feltham, C., Hanley, T. and Winter, L. A. eds., 2017. The SAGE handbook of counselling and
psychotherapy. Sage.
Feltham, C., Hanley, T. and Winter, L. A. eds., 2017. The SAGE handbook of counselling and
psychotherapy. Sage.
Goodyear, R. and et.al., 2016. A global portrait of counselling psychologists’ characteristics,
perspectives, and professional behaviors. Counselling Psychology Quarterly. 29(2).
pp.115-138.
Herlihy, B. and Corey, G., 2014. ACA ethical standards casebook. John Wiley & Sons.
Liu, Z., Speed, S. and Beaver, K., 2015. Perceptions and attitudes towards exercise among
Chinese elders–the implications of culturally based self‐management strategies for
effective health‐related help seeking and person‐centred care. Health Expectations. 18(2).
pp.262-272.
Martin, P. A., 2015. Cultural awareness in two UK counselling psychology settings: Initial
training and supervision. The European Journal of Counselling Psychology. 3(2).
Murphy, D. ed., 2017. Counselling Psychology: A Textbook for Study and Practice (Vol. 2380).
John Wiley & Sons.
Pearce, P. and et.al., 2017. Effectiveness of school‐based humanistic counselling for
psychological distress in young people: Pilot randomized controlled trial with follow‐up in
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an ethnically diverse sample. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and
Practice. 90(2). pp.138-155.
Wilson, R. D., Ledbetter, D. H. and Pergament, E., 2015. Current controversies in prenatal
diagnosis 3: the ethical and counseling implications of new genomic technologies: all
pregnant women should be offered prenatal diagnostic genome‐wide testing for prenatally
identified fetal congenital anomalies. Prenatal diagnosis. 35(1). pp.19-22.
Online References
Critically evaluate Person Centred Counselling, 2015. [Online]. Available through:
<http://www.markedbyteachers.com/gcse/drama/critically-evaluate-the-practical-use-of-
person-centred-counselling-and-its-limitations-as-suggested-by-its-critics-how-does-
person-centred-theory-differ-from-other-models-of-therapy-and-also-in-what-ways-if-any-
is-it-similar.html>.
Positive and Negative aspects of diversity in classroom, 2018. [Online]. Available through:
<https://classroom.synonym.com/positive-negative-aspects-diversity-classroom-
7978159.html>.
Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia, 2013. [Online]. Available through:
<http://www.pacfa.org.au/practitioner-resources/ethical-standards/>.
Person- centred therapy, 2018. [Online]. Available through: <https://www.counselling-
directory.org.uk/person-centred-therapy.html>.
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