Evolution and Trends of IT Infrastructure

The assignment discusses the evolution of IT infrastructure from 1950 to the present day, highlighting key developments such as electronic data processing (EDP), transaction processing systems (TPS), management information systems (MIS), executive information systems (EIS), knowledge management systems (KMS), and e-business. It also touches on current trends in IT infrastructure, including resource management, cloud services, and big data.

Running head: IT INFRASTRUCTURE TRENDS AND EVOLUTION
IT INFRASTRUCTURE TRENDS AND EVOLUTION
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Author Note

1IT INFRASTRUCTURE TRENDS AND EVOLUTION
A combination of standards, infrastructure, software, trained personnel, hardware and
processes which are designed to distribute, manage, store, modify and create information for
suggesting new strategies to businesses and products is known as information system (IS).
Between 1950 and 1960, IS infrastructure was normally used for accounting,
recordkeeping and processing transactions and was used for EDP or electronic data
processing. Later, TPS or Transaction Processing System was used to automate manual tasks
and was used to reduce clerical costs, improve customer service and faster processing.
Between 1960 and 1970, MIS or Management Information Systems were used to provide
organizations with specific tools for managing and organizing specific departments. Pre
specified reports and visual interpretation helped in efficient decision making. Between 1980
and 1990, IT infrastructure evolved to departmental computing and gave rise to Executive
Information Systems or EIS. From external and internal information, EIS gave organization
executives the power to make decision making facilities without the need of a centralized
corporate department (Rainer et al. 2013). From 1990 to 2000, with the growth of internet
and other global networks, IT systems evolved into Knowledge Management Systems
(KMS). KMS included all organizational components such as marketing, human resource
planning, resource management and manufacturing sales. With the help of Artificial
Intelligence another system was developed called Expert systems which mimicked the human
experts on their decision making skills. With increased connectivity and related technologies
in the 21st century, IT systems transformed into E –business. It supports decision making,
record keeping, transaction processing, process management, business processes and many
more facilities.
Some trends in IS infrastructure are resource management, cloud services and big
data. Proper use of water as a coolant in organizational servers can be evaluated to facilitate
resource management in organizations. Moreover, as data storage facilities are increasing,

2IT INFRASTRUCTURE TRENDS AND EVOLUTION
companies are increasingly adopting cloud services to improve mobility and data sharing. Big
data is another tool that can be used by organizations to analyse huge amounts of data with
the help of intelligent analytics (Stair and Reynolds 2013).
The articles on evolution and trends are related to information systems infrastructure.
In the topic of evolution, evaluation has been done on how the information systems
infrastructure evolved with time to cater to different organisational needs. The information
was relevant as different timelines of IS infrastructure adoption has been discussed based on
the technologies available at that period of time. Moreover, as consumer and organisational
demands evolved, so did the Information system infrastructure.
In the topic of trends, evaluation has been done on the latest developments that the
information system can incorporate with the rising customer and organizational demands.
The information was relevant as different types of systems such as big data and cloud
services were proposed for adapting with the rise in the amount of data and the need to
analyse it effectively. The trends will assist the information system infrastructure to evolve
with user expectations.
The future looks bright for IS infrastructure and as technology advances,
organizations will adopt more complex systems to facilitate data analysis. With the help of
the mentioned current trends, IT systems can definitely evolve to accommodate more
functionalities and improve data management in the long run.

3IT INFRASTRUCTURE TRENDS AND EVOLUTION
References
Rainer, R.K., Cegielski, C.G., Splettstoesser-Hogeterp, I. and Sanchez-Rodriguez, C.,
2013. Introduction to information systems. John Wiley & Sons.
Stair, R. and Reynolds, G., 2013. Principles of information systems. Cengage Learning.