IT Solutions: McAfee, MS Office, DSS, ESS, TPS, MIS, KMS, Globalization, Digital Infrastructure, Risks of Outsourcing

This article discusses various IT solutions such as McAfee, MS Office, DSS, ESS, TPS, MIS, and KMS. It also covers the concept of globalization and its effects on information technology. The advantages and disadvantages of digital infrastructure are discussed along with examples. The article also highlights the risks associated with information system outsourcing.

IT solutions

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1
Task 1.....................................................................................................................................1
McAfee..........................................................................................................................1
MS Office......................................................................................................................2
Task 2.....................................................................................................................................2
DSS (Decision Support System)...................................................................................2
ESS (Executive Support System)..................................................................................3
TPS (Transaction Processing System)..........................................................................3
MIS (Management Information System)......................................................................3
KMS (Knowledge Management System).....................................................................4
Task 3.....................................................................................................................................4
Concept of globalization...............................................................................................4
Effects of information technology on globalization.....................................................5
Task 4.....................................................................................................................................5
Concept of digital infrastructure...................................................................................5
Advantages of digital infrastructure..............................................................................5
Disadvantages of digital infrastructure.........................................................................6
Example of digital infrastructure..................................................................................6
Task 5.....................................................................................................................................7
Risk associated with information system outsourcing..................................................7
Reason of critical nature of IT infrastructure to digital transformation........................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
References:.......................................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
Information technology can be defined as the combination of techniques and skills along
with the methods and processes which uses the computing devices and networks in order to
build the communication for organization so that data can be safeguarded by creating and
managing the databases which helps employees in troubleshooting difficulties with their
computing devices and also performs the work to make sure the security of business
information. It is also used in the production of goods and services in order to accomplish the
goals and objectives of the company or in an scientific research as well (Grover, Chiang, Liang
and Zhang, 2018). There are different IT solutions provided such as the following discussion is
based on the McAfee and MS Office along with the decision support system and executive
support system which is followed by transaction processing system and management
information system and also knowledge management system. Discussion is also made on the
concept of globalization and effects of information technology on globalization. Concept of
digital infrastructure along with the advantages and disadvantages also with example of digital
infrastructure is also discussed. Moreover, discussion on risk associated with information system
outsourcing and reason of critical nature of IT infrastructure to digital transformation is also
made with proper findings and conclusion.
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MAIN BODY
Task 1
McAfee
It is one of the leading international computer security company headquartered in United
States and established in 1987. It is a part of the Intel Security division since February 2011. It
provides the services to protect the systems from cyber threats such as in the form of antivirus
software. This software renders security suite which supports the computer systems in being
protected from malware and other threats which can attack the systems drastically. Its features
includes virus and spyware protection containing scanning of systems either real time or
scheduled. It provides email and web protection containing personal firewall and antispam.
Moreover, data protection and backup which includes anti-thefts, online backup and shredder.
Managing home network and system optimisation which includes quick clean along with the
parental controls as well (Tong, Tao and Lifset, 2018).
MS Office
It is a software which contains a combination of client and server software. This is a
software which provides services developed by Microsoft in 1988 and having the operating
system of Microsoft windows. It contains further six more types such as Microsoft word which
helps in creating text documents. Microsoft excel which creates spreadsheets from simple to
complex data records. Microsoft PowerPoint which creates professional multimedia
presentations. Microsoft access which is a database management application. Microsoft
publisher which creates and publish marketing materials. Microsoft One Note which organise
the user notes. Its features includes that it helps in formulating the various types of
documentations as per the requirements of user such as in the form of pages, presentation slides,
tabular form and also includes images as well which also supports in better management and
organising of data (Stefanini, 2018).
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Task 2
DSS (Decision Support System)
It is defined as the type of information system which helps organizations in decision
making process which mainly require sequence of actions, determination and judgement. It is
either automated, human powered or combination of both. Components of DSS are model
management system and user interface along with the knowledge base. Types of DSS includes
communication driven and model driven along with the knowledge driven and document driven
which is followed by the data driven. Advantages of DSS are such that it increases the speed and
efficiency of decision making process. It enhances interpersonal communication in companies.
Disadvantages of DSS are such that its development and implementation is expensive. It results
in the overloading of the information which creates confusion among end users because
information system considers the problems from all aspects (Pequegnat, 2019).
ESS (Executive Support System)
It is defined as the type of information system which permits users to modify
organizational data or information into speedy accessible and in a executive level reports such as
billing and accounting along with the staffing and many more. Moreover, it improves decision
making for executives as well. Advantages of ESS are such that it is easy to use, it analyses
trends, it augments managers leadership skills, it improves personal thinking, it contributes in a
strategic control flexibility, it improves company's competitive advantages, it provides
instruments for change and many more. Disadvantages of ESS are such that there are limited
functions, difficult to quantify benefits, information overload problem, it makes system slow, it
is problematic to keep existing data, it can result in less secure data and excessive cost to
company (Bouwman, Nikou and de Reuver, 2019).
TPS (Transaction Processing System)
It is defined as the type of information system which captures and processes each and
every transactions happening in an organization. Such transactions includes collection and
retrieval along with the modification and many more. Features of TPS are such that it is reliable
and fast responsive along with the similar structure and integrity which is followed by the
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authorised control and user friendliness. Advantages of TPS are such that it is highly cost
effective and speedy solutions, it is highly stable and reliable database, it provides quick
recovery of data, it renders remote functioning along with the real time batch processing manner.
Disadvantages of TPS are such that it has high initial cost, requirement of high expertise, data
overload can lead to system crash and need specific requirements of hardware to work smoothly
(Raguseo and Vitari, 2018).
MIS (Management Information System)
It is defined as the type of information system which is used for coordination and
decision making along with the control and analysis which is followed by the visualization of
data in the company. It involves technology and process along with the people. Types of MIS are
such that process control, management reporting system, inventory control, sales and marketing,
human resources, accounting and finance, expert system and many more. Advantages of MIS are
such that it facilitates planning, it minimizes information overload, it encourages
decentralization, it brings coordination, it makes control easier and it manages the data as well.
Disadvantages of MIS are such that it requires constant monitoring due to high sensitive nature,
its budgeting is difficult, quality of outputs depend on quality of inputs and lacking flexibility to
update itself (Davidavičienė, Raudeliūnienė, Vengrienė and Jakubavičius, 2018).
KMS (Knowledge Management System)
It is defined as the type of information system which stores and retrieves the knowledge
in order to enhance the understanding and collaboration along with the process alignment. It is
majorly used to centre the knowledge base for the users or customers. Types of KMS are such
that enterprise wide KMS, knowledge work systems and intelligent techniques. Four levels of
KMS are such that information management, knowledge sharing, sense-making and agency.
Advantages of KMS are such that it helps in creating better products and services, develop
strategies, enhance profitability, competitive advantages and staff productivity. Disadvantages of
KMS are such that it is dependent on the knowledge contributors, creates confusion among
managers and employees, mishandling of company data, failure to use results in loss of time,
resources and organisational failure as well (Chen, Cheung and Tan, 2018).
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Task 3
Concept of globalization
Globalization can be defined as the increasing interdependence of the global economies
and cultures along with the populations which is resulted by the import and export of good and
services, technology and flow of investment which is followed by the people and information in
terms of international trading. It is basically showcases the existence of cultural and economic
along with the political networks of relationships around the world. Three distinct senses of
globalization are such that transference, transformation and transcendence. Types of
globalization are such that financial, technological, sociological and geographical globalization.
Theories of globalization are such that liberalism, realism, Marxism, constructivism,
postmodernism, feminism, trans-formationalism and eclecticism. Positive impact is rise in new
industries and jobs and negative impact is that developed countries are ruling the developing
countries (Kumar, Steward and Morgan, 2018).
Effects of information technology on globalization
Effects of information technology on globalization are such that IT has facilitated the
easy and comfortable exchange of information across the borders and also has resulted in the
expansion of resources from different nations all over the world. This expansion has resulted in
innovative ideas and goods and services as well as strategic ways of running businesses. As per
the research made, along with the digitalization between technologically advanced and outdated
technology, information technology has a great contribution in development and therefore,
information technology has impacted positively to the globalization by increasing productivity
and educational advancements along with the access and security and many more. Moreover, IT
has enhanced the well being of the students by improving the study methodologies from books to
online from anywhere in the world (Solmaz, 2021).
Task 4
Concept of digital infrastructure
Digital infrastructure can be defined as the combination of physical resources which are
essential to enable the use of processes and systems along with the methods and computerised
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devices which is followed by the data or information. It is significant of the functioning of
society and quality of life of people. It has a major focus on the agility and powering of business
along with the user experiences which leads to customer loyalty, engagement and long term
relationships which also enhances the new capabilities of operations in business management. It
uses the advanced and updated technology like sensors and digital platforms along with the
analytics in order to provide the support for decision making in terms of current state of assets,
future maintenance requirements, optimisation of cost and many more (Aydiner, Tatoglu,
Bayraktar and Zaim, 2019).
Advantages of digital infrastructure
Advantages of digital infrastructure includes the connectivity which means that it has
enables the benefit of global connections not in the businesses but also among societies as well.
Communication speed which means that it facilitate the quick and instant interaction among
different global organizations with immediate feedback. Digital devices are portable which
means that it has the mobility benefit that can be easily carried out anywhere and anytime
without any damage. Preservation of quality of stored information which means that data stored
is secured and safe to use with the help of digital infrastructure. Learning redefined which means
that there is a redevelopment of learning and gaining knowledge. Entertainment which means
digitalisation has supported the entertainment industry in an extreme manner in getting
successful along with the transportation benefit as well (Aydiner, Tatoglu, Bayraktar and Zaim,
2019).
Disadvantages of digital infrastructure
Disadvantages of digital infrastructure includes the data security which means that it is
difficult to secure data because of the several cyber crimes available. Social isolation which
means that this generation are totally dependent on the social media for connections rather than
the physical connections. Diminishing job opportunity which means technology is introducing
the automation which has a negative impact on job opportunities. Creates addiction which means
that organizations are totally dependent for their working on technology because of addiction.
Manipulation of digital media which means that in today's era, strongest spread-over news
spreads on digital media which manipulates the content over the internet which gains high trust.
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Plagiarism and copyright which means copied content available on internet is illegal and
unethical to show case in name of their own (Hassan, 2020).
Example of digital infrastructure
Examples of digital infrastructure includes internet backbone which interconnect with
networks for communications. Fixed broadband which connects regions and data centres. Mobile
telecommunications is a cellular network which provides communication services and wireless
internet. Communications satellite which provides network and information services. Network
infrastructure which majorly includes Wi-Fi networks. Data centres provides computing and data
storage along with the network services. Cloud computing provides services on demand such as
data storage and network services. Platforms provides developing and operating software
services along with the deployment. Systems provides automation rather than being a simple tool
for the clients. Applications including mobile apps is a primary tool used by the user. API and
integration provides working together and sharing information along with the normal operations.
User devices such as mobile phones and laptops. Internet of things such as robots and machines
along with the sensors and facilities which is followed by infrastructure and products and also
the vehicles and environments which are operated with the help of internet connection
(Nishinaga and Natour, 2019).
Task 5
Risk associated with information system outsourcing
Operational and transaction risk is one of the risk associated with the information system
outsourcing which means that although online transactions are efficient and quick but they risky
as well in terms of safety and security. Risks to the confidentiality of information is an another
risk associated with the information system outsourcing which means that due to the cyber
crime, there are a lots of data breaches which can result in losses to the companies. Risks to
business continuity is also one of the risk associated with the information system outsourcing
which means that business expansion results in increment of big data which is risky to handle
and mange (Milani, García-Bañuelos, Reijers and Stepanyan, 2020).
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Reason of critical nature of IT infrastructure to digital transformation
IT infrastructure is critical to digital transformation in a positive manner because of the
evolution of the whole IT system in an organization which connects companies to the most
essential applications and information in a more swift and efficient manner which is rendering a
platform for growth and development along with the innovation. Not only critical in terms of
connecting organizations but digital transformation in context of IT infrastructure but also in
other sectors such as education and hospitals on a global basis. Digital transformation will not be
possible without an appropriate IT infrastructure and therefore there must be computing devices
which should get updated and advanced on a frequent manner so that transformation can take
place potentially. This is because infrastructure consist all the combination of elements which are
highly required for transformation and that is why IT infrastructure is critical to digital
transformation.
CONCLUSION
It is concluded that information technology is an important concept to learn and study so
that its application and solutions discussed can be applied in the real world organizations. It is
impossible for businesses to survive without using and implementing the technology in the
industry and therefore, it is important to analyse the McAfee and MS Office software for better
functioning in an organization. It is essential to examine the various information systems such as
decision support system, executive support system, transaction processing system, management
information system and knowledge management system. It is necessary to determine the concept
of globalization and effects of information technology on globalization. It is significant to gain
the knowledge about concept, advantages, disadvantages and example of digital infrastructure. It
is crucial to assess the risk associated with information system outsourcing and the reason of
critical nature of IT infrastructure to digital transformation. Hence, this report covers all such
areas in order to better understand the conception of IT solutions.
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References:
Books and Journals
Aydiner, A.S., Tatoglu, E., Bayraktar, E. and Zaim, S., 2019. Information system capabilities
and firm performance: Opening the black box through decision-making performance and
business-process performance. International Journal of Information Management, 47,
pp.168-182.
Aydiner, A.S., Tatoglu, E., Bayraktar, E. and Zaim, S., 2019. Information system capabilities
and firm performance: Opening the black box through decision-making performance and
business-process performance. International Journal of Information Management, 47,
pp.168-182.
Bouwman, H., Nikou, S. and de Reuver, M., 2019. Digitalization, business models, and SMEs:
How do business model innovation practices improve performance of digitalizing
SMEs?. Telecommunications Policy. 43(9). p.101828.
Chen, Y., Cheung, C.M. and Tan, C.W., 2018. Omnichannel business research: Opportunities
and challenges. Decision Support Systems, 109, pp.1-4.
Davidavičienė, V., Raudeliūnienė, J., Vengrienė, E. and Jakubavičius, A., 2018. Consolidation
of the activities of regulatory institutions while implementing e-government
solutions. Journal of Business Economics and Management. 19(2). pp.307-322.
Grover, V., Chiang, R.H., Liang, T.P. and Zhang, D., 2018. Creating strategic business value
from big data analytics: A research framework. Journal of Management Information
Systems. 35(2). pp.388-423.
Hassan, A.Y.I., 2020. Challenges and recommendations for the deployment of information and
communication technology solutions for informal caregivers: scoping review. JMIR
aging. 3(2). p.e20310.
Kumar, A., Steward, M.D. and Morgan, F.N., 2018. Delivering a superior customer experience
in solutions delivery processes: Seven factors for success. Business Horizons. 61(5).
pp.775-782.
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Milani, F., García-Bañuelos, L., Reijers, H.A. and Stepanyan, L., 2020, October. Business
process redesign heuristics for blockchain solutions. In 2020 IEEE 24th International
Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference (EDOC) (pp. 209-216). IEEE.
Nishinaga, J. and Natour, F., 2019. Technology Solutions for Advancing Human Rights in
Global Supply Chains. Human Rights and Business Initiative. 1(1).
Pequegnat, V., 2019. An analysis of health information technology-related adverse events:
technology-induced errors and vendor reported solutions (Doctoral dissertation).
Raguseo, E. and Vitari, C., 2018. Investments in big data analytics and firm performance: an
empirical investigation of direct and mediating effects. International Journal of Production
Researc. 56(15). pp.5206-5221.
Solmaz, M.S., 2021. Digital Business Transformation in Ports: IoT Applications in Port
Management and Strategies. In Emerging Challenges, Solutions, and Best Practices for
Digital Enterprise Transformation (pp. 221-240). IGI Global.
Stair, R. and Reynolds, G., 2020. Principles of information systems. Cengage Learning.
Stefanini, M., 2018. The journey to the clouds at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory: cloud
adoption strategies and solutions.
Tong, X., Tao, D. and Lifset, R., 2018. Varieties of business models for post-consumer recycling
in China. Journal of Cleaner Production, 170, pp.665-673.
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