Assignment on Job Design
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Added on 2020-05-01
Assignment on Job Design
Added on 2020-05-01
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1EDUCATION1.“Design is not just what it looks like and feels like. Design is how it works” With reference to the statement made by Steve Jobs, discuss your own point of view. Illustrate the significance of designing a job.AnswerThe success core of any business lies in the arrangement of the available resources.The efficient and well-organised components of a business result in the increasedfunctionality and betterment in the production of the business outcomes. There are manyresources that are involved in the processes that lead to the production of the various servicesand goods that are provided by the business. Among all those resources, the only resourcethat can be termed as active is the human mind. The effective exploitation of the human mindhelps to achieve overall improvement of the productivity of all the involved resources. Therelationship between the staff, content and nature of work must be paid more attention to inorder to utilise the manpower of the business in the best possible way. The staff as well astheir productivity and performance levels are significantly affected by the job designs and theorganizations of work. The manager should have an understanding as to how can the work bemade more satisfactory for his staff. The manager should be able to help the employees toovercome the obstacles in the pathway towards the efficiency in performance. The concept ofjob design is founded based on these factors.The employees may develop a feeling of isolation and dissatisfaction from doing thejob due to the tasks being robotic and repetitive in nature. The designing of the job helpsreduce these feelings. Job designs aim at providing motivation and satisfaction towards theemployees and thereby bringing about an increment in the productivity levels of the workers.Job enlargement, enrichment of jobs, job rotation and the simplification of jobs are some ofthe tools that are used in the practice of job designing. The process of job design may be
2EDUCATIONdefined as to be concerned with the relationship shared between the content and nature of thejob and the workers and the functions of their tasks (Mullins,2005, Management andOrganizational Behavior,714). It is considered to specify the contents, ways and therelationships of jobs. Job designing helps to satisfy the personal, organizational andtechnological requirements of the job. Job designing helps to enhance the satisfaction derivedby the employees from the work assigned to them keeping in mind the dynamic nature of thebusiness, changes in the technologies, and the competition that the business faces in themarket. Job designing utilizes the most valuable asset of the business, manpower, in the bestpossible way. It also helps the employees to perform effectively by aiding in the process ofovercoming the obstacles that come in the way of achieving the set goals.Thus, increment in the job satisfaction may lead to the increase in the motivation ofthe employee. The Two Factor Theory of Herzberg (1959, as cited in Mullins) deals with twosets of factors that affect the satisfaction and motivation of the employee at the place of work.Herzberg distinguished between the motivation factors and the growth factors. Themotivation factors or hygiene as he called them, are concerned with mandatoryenvironmental conditions at the work place. The absence of these conditions may lead to thefeeling of dissatisfaction among employees at work. On the other hand, factors affectinggrowth or the motivators are concerned with the contents of the concerned job. These factorsinspire the employees to invest their maximum efforts thereby increasing their performance.The theory of Herzberg had seemingly given rise to the varied alternate approaches at theplace of work such as job rotation, job enlargement, simplification of work and theenrichment of the job so as to motivate the employees.Thus, job design attempts to motivate and bring about improvement in theperformance of an employee of an organisation. The analysis of job design finds itsbeginning in the proper viewing of the concerned job from a broader perspective. The
3EDUCATIONanalysis then moves on to identify and correct the deficiencies that may affect the motivationand the performance of the employee.2. Define ‘Educational Leadership’. Describe the different types of leadership to justify the statement that “Learning and leadership are indispensable to each other”.AnswerEducational LeadershipEducational leadership involves working on comprehensive plans in order to improvethe results of the programs related to the field of education alongside teachers and other sucheducational professionals. The leading persons of the concerned industry are supervisors,teachers, departmental heads, administrators, chairmen, deans and principals.The responsibilities of the leader are as follows:Analysis of the student data and the observation of the classes in order topinpoint the potential problems and the areas eligible for improvement.Creation of effective committees and teams.Creating and updating budgetsDesigning, implementing and assessing the procedures and policies of theschoolHiring, evaluating and managing the teachers.Setting the standards for the curriculumWorking on the reformation of education on the local, state and nationalplatforms.
4EDUCATION(Reference-http://online.creighton.edu/edd/doctorate-leadership/resources/what-is-educational-leadership)Types of Leadership1.Instructional leadership – It is a particular form of leadership that lays more stress onthe improvement of the learning ad teaching in the schools. This kind of leadershiptries to influence a number of factors like curriculum, methods of teaching and thestrategies of assessment. The mission is often defined by the principle or the leader ofthe school.2.Distributed leadership – The concepts of leadership generally refer to the leadershippatterns that have their focus on a single individual who possesses a heroic character,but there exists another approach towards leadership, the leadership in groups orteams or distributed leadership. The schools exhibit the highest amount ofeffectiveness with a group of competent, committee and enterprising people leadingthe organisation. This type of leadership is also known as contingency relationship.This is due to the fact that this leadership sometimes finds is base in a particularsituation and is thus distributed in an interactive group where the participantsnegotiate and collaborate to reach any decision.3.Transformational leadership – This type of leadership was first introduced by thefamous presidential biographer and leadership expert James MacGregor Burns.According to Burns, this kind of leadership is evident when in order to makeadvancements towards the higher levels of motivation and morals, the leaders and thefollowers assist in the growth of each other. The transformational leaders have strongpersonality and vision. They motivate their followers to help change their perceptions,expectations and their motivations to be working towards some common goals.
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