The Psychology of the 21st Century

The assignment delves into the intricate relationship between socio-psychological factors and individual mental development in the contemporary world. It analyzes how personal and professional experiences shape our cognitive structures and thinking patterns. The importance of addressing psychological issues with greater sensitivity and preparedness is highlighted, emphasizing holistic well-being as a crucial aspect of human flourishing in the 21st century.

Running head: CRITICAL PSYCHO-SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF CASE STUDY
CRITICAL PSYCHO-SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF CASE STUDY
Name of the student:
Name of the university:
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1CRITICAL PSYCHO-SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF CASE STUDY
Table of Contents
Introduction:...............................................................................................................................2
Kaleb, mental depression and Psychological counseling:..........................................................3
Social Influence of Inequalities in Making Health Decisions:...................................................4
Psycho-sociological Aspect:......................................................................................................5
Stress, Stress Management and Behavioral Response:..............................................................6
Illness Prevention and Mental Health Promotion:.....................................................................7
Conclusion:................................................................................................................................8
Reference:..................................................................................................................................9

2CRITICAL PSYCHO-SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF CASE STUDY
Introduction:
Human Behavior includes a consortium of actions and emotional backdrops behind
them or contemplated considerations in the wake of various situations as a feedback
mechanism of thoughtful character. Some specific characteristics of one’s attitude and
behavior remains same throughout the life while other behavior patterns change as a human
being progresses from one stage to another stage of life. Behavior is moulded by the age, sex
and inherited genetic material as well as the environmental factor also plays a valuable role in
this regard. The integration of common human values in one’s psyche is also necessary to
regulate one’s behavior (Carver & Scheier, 2012). The acceptance of a behavior depends on
social values and echelon of authoritative elements. Human behaviors are studied by several
discipline of science apart from the specialized discipline of behavioral science which include
psychology, psychiatry, sociology and economics. The in general conformity of human
society influences common people to take up certain habits and behavioral patterns that are
practiced by most of the members of the society up to a considerable extent (Carter, 2013).
The core faith of an individual is to be determined by the religious belief of that
individual and the concerned philosophy. This determines the thinking pattern of an
individual and the probable behavior pattern could be pursued by the same person. Attitude is
slightly differently described in context of behavior. Attitude depends on the plausible
favorable and unfavorable outcomes of one’s behavior over a span of consistency. Hence,
attitude of a person definitely reflects the underlying traits of his or her behaviors.
Improvisation is a unique factor that is present in each individual with an aim of obtaining
problem solving ability. Creativity is implementation of improvisation in a larger extent. This
particular essay focuses on a particular case study and analyses various psycho sociological

3CRITICAL PSYCHO-SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF CASE STUDY
and psycho physiological aspects of the life of the subject of the case study and further
suggests perspectives on promoting common human health and disease prevention attitude.
Kaleb, mental depression and Psychological counseling:
The modern world could not have been shaped unless creativity was available around.
Creativity enhances the urge of individual to push their margin of ability. Creativity is the
genuine differentiating factor in between two people as a part of their behavior (Amabile &
Pillemer, 2012). The cultural beliefs which get taught at the very onset of a kid’s life shape
the thinking pattern for a prolonged period of time and this gives rise to the fundamental
tender human values that guide the lives of human race (Fiske & Taylor, 2013).
The client kaleb describes himself as out and out a country boy and has revealed that
he has two children who are five and seven years old respectively. He is estranged from his
wife and his wife Kirsty stays with the children in the town of Wonderville which is having a
population of twenty thousand people and approximately 300 kms away from the dairy farm
that is maintained by Kaleb as a duty carried forward generations after generations. Kaleb has
his aged mother who stays with him in the same farm and works in the household along with
cooking for the family. Kaleb describes his marriage as a failure and he supposes that his
wife Kirsty had presumed the marriage to be some kind of fancy TV shows like Farmer wants
a wife. He points out to the hectic daily schedule of the farm which is monotonous as well for
Kirsty to leave the place. Moreover, she being an uptown girl never actually could manage
comfortably in the country side from the very beginning as observed by Kaleb.
Kaleb meets his sons during the weekend which has become now a days
restricted to one weekend on the second week of the month. After his sons have
started to attend schools regularly. He sips a cup of tea each evening with his mom
while cleaning his rifle. He will be killing several foxes all over the night to protect

4CRITICAL PSYCHO-SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF CASE STUDY
the farmyard from them. Kaleb has a perception that his mother does not get a sound
sleep listening to the night cracking sound of the firings until her son comes back in
the morning safely. Kaleb usually go for a long walk with his blue healer dog in the
evening after having the tea.
Social Influence of Inequalities in Making Health Decisions:
Social behavior is a more cumulative approach that is used to assess the influence of
culture and social mingling on a certain community based in a particular terrain. The types of
human behaviors fall in different classes which are acceptable behaviors, objectionable
behaviors, abnormal behaviors and eccentric behaviors. There are multiple factors which are
affecting the mental health of the concerned subject Kaleb in this particular case study
scenario. Depression is a major issue in regard of the mental or psychological health of
Kaleb. He is divorced at the age of 42 and does miss his two children from the bottom of his
heart. He has become bored with the daily cliché routine of being a worker in a dairy farm.
He is suffering from chronic depression though he ensures his mother terming his concerned
mental health as only a bad patch in life at a certain phase.
His behavior towards mother is respectful and he sees himself as an eligible successor
which is a good thing in terms of consolidating his sense of proud self identity. Behaviors are
now a day encircled within the scope of extensive research relating to the psychological
rationale. In the commencing and the early part of 20th century, the specialists of behavioral
science were strictly scientists who were using the facilities in universities and research
centers.
The onset of the concept of mental sickness and psychometric evaluation along with
psychotherapy took place in 1930s and 1940s (Wright, 2015). Contextually stated, depression
in regard of mental illness is very common but severe mood malaise. It hampers the common

5CRITICAL PSYCHO-SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF CASE STUDY
day to day activities up to a great extent of an individual like ablution, eating, sleeping and
0maintainance of health (Gilbert, 2016). The symptoms of depression must be persistent for
at least two weeks to be diagnosed with depression. There are several kinds of depressions
which include persistent depressive disorder, perinatal depression, psychotic depression,
seasonal depressive disorders. Bipolar disorder is more complex and potent form of a mental
illness (Østergaard et al., 2014).
The case history of Kaleb indicates that the depression factor that is affecting his
behavior is a persistent depressive disorder. He does not have any psychotic considerations as
per the case report and reluctance might have come from not meeting his family life
expectations in life. Depression in chronic phase has some grave deleterious effects on health
of the concerned depressed people. They might develop with a high blood pressure condition
or the blood sugar level may get increased due to long lasting mood disorder (Ducat,
Philipson & Anderson, 2014). These factors can affect health of the concerned depressed
person in future.
Psycho-sociological Aspect:
Psychosociology is the domain that deals with the problems which are common to
psychology and sociology both (Guerra, 2012). Especially it deals with the fact that the
human behavior or how human thinks or acts are influenced by the group of people he or she
belongs to. This can be illustrated with the example of criminal psychology. This strategy
determines the upbringing and the proximity group of the criminal individual concerned from
the very onset of childhood which might have an influence on the actions in question.
Whereas sociology can be described as the recruitment criteria of a group of criminals and
how the group and its overall psyche changes over period of time (Boduszek & Hyland,

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2012). Hence, sociology is the aspect when the outcome of one’s life is depended on the
community he or she pertains to.
There are miscellaneous social contributing elements that can influence the pattern of
the psyche of others. The most common example of this is social cliques. A clique is a set of
people who interact with each other passing similar pattern of thoughts to each other. a new
joiner to such a group inevitably gets influenced by the common general thinking pattern and
is expected to be governed in such way in future as well (Scott, 2017). Friendship generation
at the early stage of life does not only influence the psychological makeup of individuals but
also helps in generating the social communication skills and social skills required to interact
with other human beings fruitfully (Gareis, 2012).
This same concept applies to the common regulations and laws prevalent in the
society. The case study show that Kaleb has been highly influenced by the traditional
thinking pattern of his clan and family and the inherited values for the dairy farm passed
down from his ancestors. This perspective has been ordained by the upbringing of the subject
as well as by the impact of the collective conscience pattern of the society the respective
dairy man belongs to.
Stress, Stress Management and Behavioral Response:
The present medical terminology has described most of the diseased conditions as the
psychosomatic conditions. There is a psychological or mental aspect always related to a
particular disease. The way we deal with a disease or cope up with the difficulties posed by
the disease varies from one person to another depending on the varying nature of human
psyche (Andreassi, 2013). Rashes from psoriasis may not affect some people much while
general allergic or hypersensitivity reaction can be perceived to be severe to some. There can
be physical effects of mental illness as well in vice versa condition. Some mental illness such

7CRITICAL PSYCHO-SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF CASE STUDY
as disease of addiction or disease of chemical dependency can lead to continuous and
consistent ingestion of corrosive materials in the body leading to abnormality formation
within the physique. There are some sort of chronic depressions under the influence e of
which one may not take proper care of himself or herself which can lead to malnutrition on
the part of the depressed patient. Here there is an effect of gradual progression in the middle
age by the concerned subject in case study named as Kaleb. He has retarded in term of
thinking more confidently as compared to earlier up on facing the undesired marriage life of
having an estranged wife with two children. He feels reluctant to wake up early in the
morning in his dairy farm which is a sign of lethargy or reluctance due to laziness.
There could be a relation in between the uric acid status of the concerned subject
along with the topical expression of mind. Some physiological disorders are considered to be
more aggravated by psychological troubles like stress or anxiety such as ischemic heart
conditions or stomach ulcers can become more severe with increased level of mental pressure
and possible commencement of depression.
Illness Prevention and Mental Health Promotion:
Mental health has been defined by WHO as a state in which a human being can
declare to be physically, psychologically and socially sound aiming to reach a state of
complete well being. Mental health is an integral part of physical health (Jorm, 2012). In a
broader sense, mental health is the foundation for the well being of individuals as well as the
community and hence, promoting mental health is also part of public health (Marmot & Bell,
2012). In most of the parts of the world mental health was not initially having that much
importance or emphasis as the physical counterpart used to have. The treatment of mental
illness was alienated from the regular medical interventions in major physiological disorders.
The present global scenario has given assertion on the holistic treatment and growth of an

8CRITICAL PSYCHO-SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF CASE STUDY
individual (Kalra et al., 2012). This gives an insight in the cruciality of promotion of mental
health. The subject kaleb has become aware of his condition which can turn into chronic
depression the sign and symptoms of which were initially discovered by Klaeb’s friend.
Though the subject asserts to be fine declining his mother’s suggestion to approach a doctor,
he might need to change his perspective to alter the quality of his life and mental health
especially when he is complaining much about being broke financially and a life devoid of
worth working in a dairy farm. The positive sign is the upcoming barbecue and campfire
session with the children as mentioned in the case study which might help to rejuvenate the
mental health of the subject hopefully when he misses his kids very much especially on
special occasions like Christmas.
Conclusion:
The psychological health of a human being is a wealth of equal worth as compared to
the physical health possessed by the concerned person. The maintenance of physical health is
required for the regular activities and well being of the respective individual while the mental
health will be the main fueling drive behind enabling a person to think, feel and act in
desirable and goal specific way. The present era has seen a pandemic situation of global
depression across the developing as well as developed continents of the world. The pertinent
case study has reflected on the socio psychological influence on the makeup of one’s mind
and thinking pattern, the impact of personal and professional life pattern on psychic
scaffolding as well the need to pay heed to psychological problems with more sincerity and
preparedness. The holistic health should be the yard stick of a hale and mentally fit human
being in 21st century.

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Reference:
Amabile, T. M., & Pillemer, J. (2012). Perspectives on the social psychology of
creativity. The Journal of Creative Behavior, 46(1), 3-15.
Andreassi, J. L. (2013). Psychophysiology: Human behavior & physiological response.
Psychology Press.
Boduszek, D., & Hyland, P. (2012). Psycho-sociological review of criminal thinking
style. Journal of Humanistics and Social Sciences, 1(1), 28-36.
Carter, I. (2013). Human behavior in the social environment. AldineTransaction.
Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (2012). Attention and self-regulation: A control-theory
approach to human behavior. Springer Science & Business Media.
Ducat, L., Philipson, L. H., & Anderson, B. J. (2014). The mental health comorbidities of
diabetes. Jama, 312(7), 691-692.
Fiske, S. T., & Taylor, S. E. (2013). Social cognition: From brains to culture. Sage.
Gareis, E. (2012). Intercultural friendship: Effects of home and host region. Journal of
International and Intercultural Communication, 5(4), 309-328.
Gilbert, P. (2016). Depression: The evolution of powerlessness. Routledge.
Guerra, G. (2012). Questions Regarding Psychosociology: Foundations and Technique of
Intervention. Connexions, (2), 33-42.
Jones, K., & Creedy, D. (2008). Health and human behaviour. Oxford Univerity Press.

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Jorm, A. F. (2012). Mental health literacy: empowering the community to take action for
better mental health. American Psychologist, 67(3), 231.
Kalra, G., Christodoulou, G., Jenkins, R., Tsipas, V., Christodoulou, N., Lecic-Tosevski,
D., ... & Bhugra, D. (2012). Mental health promotion: guidance and strategies. European
Psychiatry, 27(2), 81-86.
Marmot, M., & Bell, R. (2012). Fair society, healthy lives. Public health, 126, S4-S10.
Østergaard, S. D., Meyers, B. S., Flint, A. J., Mulsant, B. H., Whyte, E. M., Ulbricht, C.
M., ... & Rothschild, A. J. (2014). Measuring psychotic depression. Acta Psychiatrica
Scandinavica, 129(3), 211-220.
Scott, J. (2017). Social network analysis. Sage.
Wright, J. D. (2015). International encyclopedia of the social and behavioral sciences.

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