Analysis of Knowledge Management and Soft Skills

This assignment requires a detailed analysis of the importance of knowledge management and soft skills in today's workforce. It involves examining various research papers and articles that highlight the significance of these factors in enhancing employee performance, improving job satisfaction, and increasing overall organizational success. The assignment aims to identify key takeaways from these studies and synthesize them into a comprehensive report that provides actionable insights for HR professionals and managers seeking to improve their teams' productivity and effectiveness.

Knowledge and
information
management skills for
the workplace

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
(a)Explain the relationship between data, information and knowledge......................................1
(b) Explain relationship between individual knowledge and organisational knowledge............2
(c) Apply analysis and modelling technique to identify knowledge assets................................3
(d) Evaluate actual and potential knowledge assets....................................................................5
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................6
Demonstrate an understanding of important knowledge management process in the context of
organisational development........................................................................................................6
Explanation of what is required to create, store, apply and integrate knowledge and impact of
intellectual property rights..........................................................................................................8
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................9
A). Explanation of contribution knowledge assets of an organisation........................................9
B). Evaluation of knowledge requirements for an organisation ..............................................10
C). Evaluation of organisation's framework for enabling knowledge sharing..........................12
D). Recommend improvements to the current framework........................................................13
CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14
.......................................................................................................................................................15

INTRODUCTION
Knowledge management refers to skills, abilities to arrange, restore and share
information and knowledge with organisation in such manner that it give fruitful results and
beneficial for the organisation. It helps to manage other individual and teams effectively and
skills and knowledge vary from industry to industry. There are several work environment that
exist in world wide. Knowledge management is very important task for an organisation to grab
opportunities and gives advancement to organisation. Knowledge is symbol of power due to it
control and acquire activities with provide wide opportunities to organisation. This report based
on Tesco which is multinational organisation which deals in groceries and general merchandise
retailer in world wide. Its headquarter is in England, UK (Allee, 2012). It positioned as third
largest retailer in world wide after walmart in terms of revenue. This report elaborates about
concept and importance of knowledge management in context of organisation's knowledge with
assets. With it explains process of knowledge management and sources of create, store, apply
and integrate knowledge assets in organisation with impact of intellectual property rights. In
addition to framework for management culture, with importance of knowledge management and
role of knowledge sharing in organisation.
TASK 1
(a)Explain the relationship between data, information and knowledge
Data, information and knowledge is an important attribute in knowledge management and
coordination of these attributes helps to reach at conclusion. To understand about
interrelationship among them there is need to brief of data, information and knowledge and these
are as follows:
Data:
Data is a collection of objects, facts and figures and events in which no references of
space or time exist. It is result of collection of objects and processes after deep research. It is also
known as unprocessed information (Pugh, 2016). In excel sheets when information is stored it
not give information and knowledge of stored data there is need to categorization of information
to make it understandable and meaningful.
Information:

Information is processed data. After categorization of data it give useful information and
but it cannot pronounced as information until it give conclusion. In spreadsheet it not give
automatically conclusion for that keen observation and statical tools are require to get relevant
information.
Knowledge:
Knowledge is last stage in data and information collection or evolution stage. A data and
information becomes knowledge when individual apply its experience, jurisdiction or judgement
to get perfect knowledge (Berglund and Andersson, 2012). Knowledge is related to learning.
Knowledge is closely relate with data , information and learning to get assumptions. When
individual observe data and information in keen manner and conclude that in Tesco is sells
department there emphasis on improve sells condition of Asia region so it give data, information
and knowledge.
Interrelationship among data, information and knowledge:
there is close relationship among data, information and knowledge. Data are basis in
collection and composition of information. On other hand knowledge is step of information
reprocessing in organisation. There is sequence of fruitful results or conclusion is data to
information and information to knowledge. There is not always linear sequence among them
sometimes according to requirement individual have to skip some steps. The sole purpose of
collection of data, information and knowledge is not to know interrelationship among them but
to draw a graphical presentation of complex material and change into knowledgeable source that
help to reach at potential conclusion (Robles, 2012). There is need to show it in pyramid or in
chain format to reach at conclusion so that a clear understanding should be develop. Tesco uses a
systematic form of collection of materials that give fruitful information to reach at large no. of
consumers and expand its market share with potential knowledge.
(b) Explain relationship between individual knowledge and organisational knowledge.
Knowledge management interpreted and conceptualised as sharing of knowledge with
personal capacities,skills and talents and from learning and communication that influence
behaviour and workings of individual that engage with work. In individual the culture hugely
affect individual efforts which affect sharing of knowledge and learning to motivate staff in
organisation. In addition to support system of communication and competencies to give
commitment for resources and leadership in organisation by giving their best efforts.

Individual knowledge:
Individual knowledge starts with capacities,skills and talent of individual that share with
one another to give other potential knowledge so that they can contribute in organisation
development with individual development. When an individual efficient in its work and have
potential in its work skills then it can give their best to team. The reason is individual makes
team and a team with potential skill set can give their full contribution and get targets. In
individual knowledge consist of leadership and communication style which helps to resolve
conflicts which give fruitful results in achieving objectives in tesco . To gain objectives for that
prioritise should be decided in that includes contribution of individual and relevant skills,
assumptions and practices that should be critically evaluated (Biasutti and Heba, 2012). Source
of learning it should be taken from outside source or from inside and liberty to share ideas, views
and innovations that made wide contribution in organisation and individual development.
Organisation knowledge:
organisational knowledge consist of knowledge of individual which combine with
individual knowledge that give asset that give fruitful results. In individual knowledge give profit
to of knowledge should be share with each other so that they can use that learning and also give
fruitful results that are beneficial for individual and organisation to achieve their objectives and
goals in Tesco. There are many resources in organisation knowledge which give them fruitful
learning which potential for both individual and team members such as individual, group or
community, structural, organisational are sources of knowledge for organisation to gain
resources and objectives.
There is close relationship between organisational knowledge and individual knowledge
that both influence the content and process of learning in organisation (Ruth Eikhof, 2012). It
multiple and interlocking with politics in learning at work. On other hand identity of institutional
learning that reflect as organisational learning or lack of it. So they share knowledge and
information with each other in different context.
(c) Apply analysis and modelling technique to identify knowledge assets
Knowledge assets of organisation related to accumulated resources such as intellectual
property rights. In that knowledge and its workforce includes ideas, information and learning and
understanding of resources that helps to potential of learning to achieve goals and objectives in
Tesco. The most important techniques to evaluate techniques to avail various resources such as

knowledge map which gives proper insights that give proper understanding. In knowledge map
individual and team have to balance in four majors which is intellectual property rights, co
operative partnership contracts with customers, suppliers with Tacit experience of subject matter
experts and industry wide perceptions of industry performance drivers that are source of
knowledge asset and help to assess potential knowledge (Dabbagh and Kitsantas, 2012). There is
two dimension of knowledge assets that are structure of knowledge and unstructured to
structured and tacit to explicit in nature. On other hand level of diffusion.
(Source: Do you understand your company’s knowledge assets? 2018)
In that knowledge sphere of intellectual property rights there is not possible to capture all
knowledgable resources simultaneously in organisation. It is hard to put all in one systematic
knowledge framework so there is hard to focus on knowledge that is critical for knowledge
success for mapping so it can help to further development and growth of organisation. In
intellectual property rights it is very important to take consideration of knowledge and resources
so that gain proper knowledge in Tesco. In block of structure and undiffused the intellectual
property rights should be give structural framework which is undiffused in nature (Sokoloff,
2012). On other hand unstructured and undiffused with help of tacit experience of subject matter
of experts which give give knowledge asset that helps to expand its market share and with it
Illustration 1: strategic management of knowledge

organisation can expand its skills and abilities which help in expand its market share. In other
block of structured and diffused structure with help of co operative partnership contracts with
customers give knowledge of products and services give relationship enhancement that helps to
build a strong relationship that expand business scenario (Dalkir, 2013). On other hand in fourth
block of that gives diffused and unstructured way of making relationship that gives information
and data that relevant information and make bond among members that is very necessary for
developing relationship with customer’s and other stakeholders.
So these four blocks in above diagram helps to understand the relationship among them and
make a strong bond in these blocks that helps to map knowledge assets of organisation.
(d) Evaluate actual and potential knowledge assets
There are two types of assets in knowledge that are actual and potential which gives
information that drives unstructured, tacit knowledge. In actual knowledge that resources which
is present in physical form with organisation to achieve success and growth in organisation. On
other hand potential success consist of the set of assets in that organisation have to gain in future
and are very obligatory to achieve organisational growth and achievements. Without potential
growth and resources an organisation can not expand in its market share and not achieve
potential growth. In knowledge assets it can be structured, explicit knowledge and sometimes it
codified. In that includes patents, copy rights and intellectual property rights in codified form
which give fruitful results that are beneficial for organisation growth and its prosperity in recent
world. With help of real and actual assets knowledge should be actual and real growth should be
achieve in internal and external environment of organisation (Sørensen and et. al., 2012). The
structured knowledge should be shared in seconds and it give best to grab their potential
consumers through internet, where expertise and knowledge is required to get prosperity in
organisation. In potential knowledge resources should be unoccupied and there is require to grab
resources so that large market share can be occupied. In organisation strategic knowledge assets
which are bifurcate into pieces and make differences in their ability to compete in market and get
fruitful results to get objectives and goals in fulfil them. In actual knowledge have to drive some
changes which are essentials for organisation growth and success such as bring new technology
and models and leadership style that work to enhance knowledge of employees and enhance
career advancement of employees so that they feel motivated that organisation give their best in
organisation development and individual development also that enhance there morale.

Sometimes in organisation when new and essential knowledge brings then employees have to
adopt some changes that create hurdle for organisation because they not feel comfortable to
adopt these changes and become rigid in that condition. In that circumstances leader have to give
their guidance that potential knowledge is very essential for organisational development and
career enhancement of individual (Eraut, 2012). So it play a major role in organisation to find out
which is actual and potential knowledge for organisation and then access that at that time which
is essential in organisation at appropriate time. So to access the needs of actual and potential
assets of organisation to put best efforts of organization in Tesco.
TASK 2
Demonstrate an understanding of important knowledge management process in the context of
organisational development.
Knowledge management is important for organisation to access important data and
information to reach at potential consumers and also identify needs of employees in organisation.
There are some specify steps of knowledge management that gives important knowledge that
helps to obtain organisational objectives and goals. These steps are as follows:
Acquisition of knowledge, storage of knowledge and distribution of knowledge and use of
knowledge.
Acquisition of knowledge:
In acquisition of knowledge consist of take learning and information from different
sources such as explicit and implicit sources and from within and outside knowledge in
organisation. There are sources such as organisational learning, knowledge absorption and
creative process and knowledge transformation are ways from which in organisation individual
and team members can take knowledge from these sources and reach at their target.
Organisational learning plays a crucial role in organisational development and enables to reach at
potential consumer base (Sung and Choi, 2012). The other method of knowledge acquisition
should be achieve through observe from different sources such as works observations of others
and experience of others etc. play a crucial role in understanding scope of knowledge. With help
of creative process an individual can expand its knowledge and also give to team members so
that they can use it for expansion of necessary resources in organisation. In addition to

transformation of knowledge is path to spread knowledge from one source to another and it gives
fruitful resutls to organisation by expand its market share in particular sphere.
Storage of knowledge:
In storage of knowledge consist of collect the relevant data and information and then save
it at safe place so that it give fruitful results to organisation. In storage of knowledge there are
different sources which are uses in different situations such as in condition of individual it takes
experiences and knowledge from their subordinates and take it use for organisational
development and gives fruitful results to organisation and also enhance career of individual and
this increase its morale and employees give more productive results to organisation (Evans,
2012). On other hand organisation in that all superiors, subordinates and other employees consist
that give all in organisation prosperity and play a vital role. In organisation superiors gives their
plans and policies which is beneficial for whole organisation and give teachings that become
path for organisation growth and development in Tesco. On other hand information technology
play a very vital role in organisational development by providing advance infrastructure and
advance technolgy to store data and information in critical situation in Tesco so IT system plays
a very crucial role in organisation to give best backup system that give security to organisation
regarding their information and data.
Distribution of knowledge:
In distribution of knowledge there is require to distribute storage data to their staff
members so that they avail it and use for organisational development and give fruitful results to
organisation. Knowledge can be distribute from different sources such as social contact an
organisation have contact with their clients that help to spread their business in large sphere.
Social contact of organisation and employees play a crucial role in organisational development
and help to expand organisation. The other source of distribute of knowledge is community
which avail the product and services of Tesco so when it have delighted experiences then it share
their experience to their relatives that helps to spread knowledge of organisation.
Use of knowledge:
An organisation can use its knowledge and resources to expand its business sphere by
using knowledge which store in organisation (Travis, 2017Wiig, 2012). An organisation can use
its knowledge by different modes such as exploration or exploitation of resources, with dynamic
capacity of organisation and with help of recovery and transformation of knowledge in

organisation to avail store information in Tesco. In organisation there is available resources
which used by organisation.
Explanation of what is required to create, store, apply and integrate knowledge and impact of
intellectual property rights
In order to achieve organisational gaols and growth of company, the concept of
knowledge plays an essential role. It is important for senior authorities of organisation to have
sufficient knowledge so that they can deal with all problems and helps employees to attain their
objectives. In context of Tesco Plc, knowledge is also considered to be a crucial tool for
company. In this regard, managers of company should provide training session to their
employees so that they can perform their tasks easily (Floyde and et. al., 2013). In this reference,
knowledge can be created, stored and applied in different organisational context. Knowledge can
be developed or created through learning, training and communicating with each other. It is
considered to be a base for an individual to enhance their future opportunities and growth. The
managers of Tesco Plc should communicate with their customers which helps them to create
knowledge about their products and services. They can also create knowledge by providing
customer service to their buyers.
Knowledge can be shared through various means such as by communicating on video
calls, social media, mobile applications, etc. The managers of Tesco Plc can also share their
ideas by these means which helps them to do improvements and modifications where required. A
part from this, knowledge can also be applied to different sections of organisation. According to
this, senior authorities of company should apply and integrate knowledge while implementing
and developing policies (Kyllonen, 2013). By this they can run operations of organisation in an
effective and efficient manner.
Intellectual properties are tools which are considered by various large organisation to sell
their products in market and to give identity to their brand name. This concept is also adopted by
the owner of Tesco Plc. As this enables them to offer their unique products along with their
brand name. This is also beneficial for customers as by this they can easily identify products of
different brands. In additionally, companies feel safe as no other brands can copy name and
products of other business enterprises. Intellectual property rights help to organisation to attain
their goals and objective. With help of property rights an organisation can save their data and
information and secure their new ideas that are door of success for organisation. Without patent

that is part of intellectual property rights an organisation can not save its new information and
innovative ideas which help to accomplish business objectives and satisfy consumer wants in
different manner and it beat its competitors also. Copyright also play crucial role in
organisational development that give authority which give security and no one can steal content
from that organisation.
TASK 3
A). Explanation of contribution knowledge assets of an organisation
Knowledge asset refers to intellectual resources of an organisation. It is a knowledge
driver which lead an organisation towards success. It can be attained through experience,
learning, ideas, skills, education, etc. It is an essential tool which helps workers to develop their
skills and organisation to achieve their goals in allotted time frame. Knowledge can also be
gained through professional training and feedback from customers. By this company can
improve their functions and operations where required. This also results in better outcomes along
with increasing and productivity level of organisation (García-Peñalvo and Conde, 2014). In
context of Tesco Plc Plc, knowledge assets considered to be an crucial means by which company
can easily reach their set goals. In order to become a renowned brand, the manger of company
provides training session to their employees so that easily perform their tasks in time. Effective
training also helps employees to enhance their future opportunities and skills. It involves patents,
copyrights, intellectual property rights, Human resource accounting, organisational learning by
which an organisation can acquire knowledge assets are as discussed below:
Organisational learning: It refers to the process which is considered by the manager to improve
overall performance of company. They provides effective training to their employees which
helps them to perform their tasks in well and defined manner. This concept also helps
organisation in gaining competitive advantage at workplace. It is also considered by Tesco Plc
Plc as by this company can achieve their growth and attract more customers towards them. In
addition to this will also enhance their productivity level and sales.
Intellectual property: It consists of ideas, invention, expression, business method, etc. These
are also essential for companies to sell their products in market. By this company can sell their
products with their own brand name so it becomes easy for customers to identify products and
services of organisation. It involves copyrights, trademark, patents, etc. In context of Tesco Plc

Plc, company also sell their goods by labelling their brand name on it (Jones and Sallis, 2013).
By intellectual properties no other company can copy their brand name and products in market.
Thus, it is beneficial for organisation as well as customers to buy and sell goods.
Human resource accounting: It involves all expenditures which are incurred upon recruiting
candidates, salary, training session, etc. It is the process of identifying and reporting which is
considered by human resource department of an organisation. This process also helps
organisation to achieve their goals in time. As it helps company to hire best candidates for job
profiles. The section of Human resource also assists Tesco Plc to reach out their set targets. By
this, company can also carry out their functions effectively.
B). Evaluation of knowledge requirements for an organisation
Knowledge is an important aspect as by this company can improve overall performance
and productivity. In this, managers plays an essential role as they provide effective training
session to their employees which helps the to perform their projects well and in appropriate
manner. By this company can develop new strategies an tactics to achieve their objectives on
allotted time frame (García-Peñalvo, Colomo-Palacios and Lytras, 2012). It also assists company
in reducing production costs and risks. Having effective knowledge, also helps company in
improving their productivity level. This also results in faster development of new technical
approaches. For example, if manager have a good about process and policies of company than it
become easy for them to assist their employees and deal with critical situations. By this, they can
also resolve all issues which arise during company operations an functions. This helps them to
maintain good relationship and coordination with their staff members and retain them for longer
period of time. This concept is also crucial for workers who are contributing their efforts in
attaining company goals. This will enhance their future opportunities and develops their skills.
Thus, sufficient knowledge assist workers to provide all details about products and services to
their costumers. In this context, there rea some knowledge which is required by an organisation
are as follows:
Knowledge about government policies and regulations: It is essential for a company to have
an adequate knowledge about governmental policies and regulations. By this company can attain
their goals in effective time. In context of Tesco Plc, it is also crucial for manager to have
sufficient knowledge about it so that they can carry out their functions and operations
accordingly (Jehanzeb and Bashir, 2013). In order to accomplish objectives, managers should

develop and implement tactics and strategies according to policies and trends. This results in
better outcomes and attract more customers towards them.
Knowledge about management skills: The another knowledge which is required by an
organisation is management skills. The manger and leader of company can attain their gaols if
they have proper knowledge about management skills. It involves planning, organising,
coordinating, etc. It is essential for a manager to have an ability to make proper planning about
operations. They should also organise operations in a proper manner and coordinate with staff
members. This helps the to communicate with all employees easily and achieve company goals.
Knowledge about management skills is also essential for Tesco Plc to reach their set targets. By
this they can manage and carry out functions properly.
Knowledge about promotion and incentive programmes: In order to gain competitive
advantage and attain success of company, it is also essential for manager to have knowledge
about promotion and incentive programmes. In Tesco Plc, the manage of enterprise should have
appropriate knowledge about incentive which helps them to retain employees for longer period
of time (Gordon, Darbyshire and Baker, 2012). In this, they should also give appraisal according
to their work performance to motivate them to perform good.
Knowledge about advanced technology: In order to increase their sales and revenues, it is
essential for organisation to have knowledge about current and advanced technology. The leader
of company should adopt advanced technology to attract more customers towards them and to
increase their sales level. They should manufacture products according to current needs and
demands of customers. In addition to this, the leader of Tesco Plc should also use advanced
techniques to achieve their goals. By this they can enhance their larger market share and improve
overall performance of company.
Knowledge about organisation culture: The another knowledge required by an organisation is
about culture. It is crucial for an organisation to have positive and eco-friendly culture so that
each and every employee can perform their activities easily. This also helps them to retain more
workers in company. In context of Tesco Plc, it is crucial for leader to focus on organisational
culture. It involves, attitudes, customers, beliefs, etc. There should be no discrimination among
employees related to their gender, castes and culture (Jackson, 2013). If any organisation do
differentiation, then workers get demotivated cannot perform well. So, there should positive
culture in company so that they can easily attain their goals and objectives in allotted time frame.

Knowledge about organisation structure: The senior authorities should have proper
knowledge about management structure. This helps them to work accordingly and achieve their
goals. In this context, Tesco Plc follows hierarchical organisation structure to carry out their
functions in a systematic manner (Laudon and Laudon, 2016). In this, they focus on all
operations performed by different departments in company. This structure enables them to run
functions of organisation smoothly and effectively. So, manager should have efficient knowledge
about organisation structure.
C). Evaluation of organisation's framework for enabling knowledge sharing
Knowledge sharing is a process in which knowledge is exchanged among individuals,
communities and organisation. This helps individuals or workers of company to develop their
skills and abilities to work. By this, organisation can also improve overall performance and
functions. This concept is also beneficial for Tesco Plc as by this company can solve their issues
and enable them to make faster decisions (Gordon, Darbyshire and Baker, 2012). This also
stimulate company growth and innovation. In this regard, organisation framework also helps and
enable company to share knowledge. Thus, to enable knowledge sharing, company can adopts
PKM framework which is as discussed below:
PKM Frame work
It refers to Personal Knowledge Mastery. This approach refers to share knowledge and
helps in resolving issues which arises during operations. This framework is created for individual
workers of company to help each other in their functions and operations. This approach also
helps workers to share knowledge and perform their tasks easily (National Research Council,
2013). In context of Tesco Plc, the company should also consider this framework so that
employees can share their knowledge and opinions with each other. Along with this, they can
also resolve each other issues and problems easily. In this regard, there are three continuous
process of this framework which are as discussed below:
Seeking: It refers to find things out and keep them up to date. This element allows employees to
seek information and perform functions effectively. In this, they also helps each other in their
work and projects. This also assists workers of Tesco Plc to deal with all problems and
accomplish their goals in allotted time frame.
Sensing: This is the another essential element of PKM framework which helps employees to
personalise information (Holtshouse, 2013). This also assist staff members to perform

experiments related to projects. As according to this, individual can learn new things when they
do and performs. This should also be considered by Tesco Plc as by this company members will
learn new things and do practice to perform well.
Sharing: As per this element, the staff members of organisation shares their ideas, opinions and
thoughts with one another. This also helps them to perform well and in effective manner. Sharing
thoughts also results in better outcomes and achieve their goals in allotted time frame.
Thus, these all multiple elements of Personal Knowledge Mastery (PKM) helps company
members to improve their knowledge and skills. By this, organisation can also carry out their
functions in a effective manner. This also helps Tesco Plc to attain their set targets.
D). Recommend improvements to the current framework
Personal Knowledge Mastery (PKM) framework is essential and helps various members
of company to perform their tasks and share their knowledge with each other. In order to achieve
organisational gaols, company should adopt this frameworks in to deal with specific situations
and issues. The manager of organisation should involves their employees in their planning so
that they can able to know each and every objective (Head and et.al., 2013). By this they can also
share their views and opinions during decision making process. In this, company should do
improvements in their process and adopts new strategies to achieve their goals. Along with this,
senior authorities should also provide effective training to their employees so that can perform
well and accomplish their projects. In addition to this, the workers should be confident while
sharing their opinion and ideas with each other. This will enhance their efficiency and develops
future opportunities.
CONCLUSION
From the above data it has been concluded that knowledge is an important and essential
aspect which helps company to achieve their goals and do improvements where required. Along
with this, individual and organisational knowledge is also takes place in above report which
assists workers to enhance their efficiency and future opportunities. In this report, some models
and techniques are considered by company to identify knowledge assets. Capturing and
managing knowledge also helps company to attain their gaols in time. There are some process of
knowledge management which aid organisation in their development and growth. In this regard,
intellectual property rights also has a grate impact on company operations and knowledge

management. In the above assignment, the manager of company adopts a framework for
establishing knowledge management culture. Some requirements of knowledge related to
company objectives is also stated above which helps organisation to perform effectively. Lastly,
recommendations of current framework is also considered to run organisation smoothly and in
effective manner.

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