Knowledge-Based Systems Applications
Added on 2020-01-23
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1Running Head: KNOWLEDGE BASED SYSTEMKNOWLEDGE BASED SYSTEMNAME:INSTITUTION:
2Running Head: KNOWLEDGE BASED SYSTEMKnowledge-based system is a program or computer software that was first developed by artificial intelligence researchers which use the knowledge base to solve complicated problems. It is a broad field of study and is generally used to refer to various kinds of systems. The unifyingfactor for all the knowledge based system is the fact that it seeks to represent knowledge comprehensively through tools such as ontology and set of rules rather than through the use of coded language. The knowledge-based system comprises of two subsystems; these are; the knowledge base and the inference engine. The knowledge base depicts facts about the environment, usually in the form of subsumption ontology while the inference engine depicts logical assertions of the environment (Batra, & Wishart. 2006). It is hence usually presented through the use of IF-THEN rule. For instance; Command (false/;true); execute Knowledge-based system is also normally referred to as the expert system, and both terms are normally used synonymously, However, all expert systems are knowledge-based systems but not all knowledge based systems are expert systems (White, 2008). Initially, knowledge-based systems were rule-based expert systems with the most famous program being the Mycin, a computer program used form medical diagnosis. This early expert system depicted facts about the environment as simple assertions in a data base which utilized rules to reason. Presenting knowledge comprehensively through the use of rules has several advantages. This are;Maintenance; using rules allowed the domain experts to maintain and define rules themselves as opposed to using program developers.
KNOWLEDGE BASED SYSTEMSExplanation; comprehensive representation of knowledge enabled the systems to reason on how they came up with certain conclusions and thus used this information to showcase the
4Running Head: KNOWLEDGE BASED SYSTEMresults to the users. For instance, the Mycin program followed a chain of inferences that led to the diagnosis and therefore used these facts to explain the diagnosis (Batra, & Wishart. 2006).Reasoning; detaching the knowledge from the process of that knowledge allowed the general purpose inference engines to be developed. It enabled the system to develop conclusions derived from the data set that the programmers may not have been aware of. The knowledge base and inference engine are clearly distinct because of the following reasons. (a). the reasoning mechanism must be as stable as possible;(b). While knowledge is added, the knowledge-based system must be in a position to grow and change as well(c). The arrangement enables the system to be built from, or converted to another application.As knowledge-based systems became more complex sophisticated techniques on how to represent the knowledge base emerged (Batra, & Wishart. 2006). It became more structured, representing information using similar techniques to object-oriented programmings such as hierarchies of classes and subclasses, relations between classes, and behavior of objects as opposed to the initial way of representing facts as assertions about data. This, therefore, means that reasoning could occur through the interactions within the knowledge base itself and independent rules. Moreover, critical advancement also emerged in that there was the development of automated reasoning system referred to as the classifiers. These classifiers
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