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Human Nervous System & Endocrine System Assignment PDF

   

Added on  2021-06-14

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Last Name 1Human Nervous System & Endocrine SystemByProfessors NameCourse code & NameDate
Human Nervous System & Endocrine System Assignment PDF_1

Last Name 2The Human Nervous System and Endocrine SystemIntroductionThe nervous system helps collect, process, as well as respond to information via electric signals. It comprises of the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.On the other hand, the endocrine system helps in regulation. It releases hormones that travels via the blood stream and also controls the action of organs and cells. The rationale of this report is to explain how the systems coordinate functions of different systems in the human body and how such relates to homeostasis. The Human Nervous SystemA reflex is a simple, quick form of activity in the nervous system. It’s an involuntary responseto the stimulus. The reflex arc is the neuron which forms a trail of the impulses of the reflex. Some of the reflex actions include eye blinking, breathing, plus other protective actions like drawing a finger out of a hot flame as shown below.
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Last Name 3When a finger is drawn from a hot flame a withdrawal reflex is done. The stages of the reflex action are as presented below. First, the finger is a receptor which has the sensory neurons that transmit the impulses to the sensory nerves found in the dorsal root. Next the relay transmits the impulses from the vertebral column to the motor neurons found in the ventral root, where another neuron carries the impulse to the brain. A motor neuron carries the impulses to the muscle where the finger is drawn away. Here, the impulses reach the brain and a person feels the pain.Types of Neurons.A neuron is defined as a specialized cell within the cell body, the largest part which has cytoplasm and nucleus. A majority of metabolic activity of the cell such as the production of adenine triphosphate and production of proteins takes place in the cell body (Beloozerova, Sirota & Swadlow, 2003, p.1087). The dendrites plus the entire cell body surface which are the nerve cell receptive apparatus and also take impulses from the environment. The axon is protected by an insulating sheath of myelin in animals without vertebral column as well as some vertebrates and carries impulses from the cells body Neurons can take different shapes depending on their location as well as function (Beloozerova, Sirota & Swadlow, 2003, p.1087). The functional types of neurons are sensory neurons, motor neurons, and
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Last Name 4interneurons and they are represented in the reflex arc below.Sensory/afferent neurons; are bipolar/multipolar/unipolar shaped cells used to conduct action potentials into the central nervous system (CNS). They have long dendrites plus short axon where the cell body and the dendrite are found outside the spinal cord while the cell body is found in the dorsal root ganglion. They take somatic nervous system signals from the skeletal muscles, joints, the skin, and sensory organs (Beloozerova, Sirota &
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