Law and Ethics in Nursing: Principles and Decision-Making
Verified
Added on 2023/01/12
|8
|2572
|1
AI Summary
This article discusses the key principles of ethics in nursing and how they impact decision-making. It explores the legal obligations and authority in healthcare, including the importance of informed consent and substitute decision makers. The article also highlights the ethical considerations in healthcare practice.
Contribute Materials
Your contribution can guide someone’s learning journey. Share your
documents today.
Law and ethics in nursing
Secure Best Marks with AI Grader
Need help grading? Try our AI Grader for instant feedback on your assignments.
TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1 MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1 CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................5 REFERENCES................................................................................................................................6
INTRODUCTION Nurses in turn are considered to be as advocates for the patients who tends to focus on finding balance at the time of delivering care to the patient (Avery, (2016)). The key principles of ethics associated with the nursing are justice, autonomy, beneficence and non- maleficence. Healthcare ethics are practical application of the standards which helps in benefitting the interest of the patient. The health care practitioners must in turn focus on adhering to the code of conduct, ethical standards and various legal laws in order to carry out care function with utmost accuracy. MAIN BODY 1. Doreen ‘hated the idea that she might not be able to take care of herself in prison’. Identifying one value that has been reflected in this statement. Describing how it affects decision-making of Doreen’s. Mindfulness and independence in turn is considered to be as one of the core value which in turn states that Doreen tends to highly hate the concept of not taking care of herself. With mindfulness the decision making procedure in turn tends become very thoughtful and focus on cognitive exercise (Atkins, De Lacey, Ripperger, & Ripperger, (2020)). This helps in taking very accurate decision rather than having impulsive decision to the immediate needs of the patient. It is considered to be as one of the most creative concept which helps in solving various set of problem. Hence, Advance Health Directive considered to be as a legal document helps individual person in taking decision according to how you want your treatment to be carried out. 2. Bea ‘wants everything possible to be done to get Doreen better’. Identifying one value that is reflected in this statement and describe it. Describing how it affects Bea’s decision-making in comparison to Doreen. Caring is considered to be one of the core value which in turn has been reflected within this statement from Bea’s in order to provide better care and treatment to the Doreen. Bea’s tend to focus on providing Doreen with the best possible medical treatment which in turn helps in the attainment of the best possible results by taking informed decision associated with the care of Doreen. This value is considered to be as the central within the health and social care (Johnstone, (2016). This helps in supporting the patient with the best possible intervention and medication. Caring helps in providing the best possible treatment to the patient by choosing best from the wide set of options available. 1
3. Discussing whether the decision which has been made by Molly is reliable with Article 5 Autonomy and individual responsibility. The Dorreen’s condition was deteriorating and she has developed acute renal failure and respiratory failure. Doreen was taken into the operating theatre for inserting the pacemaker. Hence, this procedure was abandoned and she has been transferred to the ICU for the renal dialysis and artificial ventilation (Johnstone & Facn, (2019)). The autonomy of the individual to take decision and in turn also taking responsibility for the same. The Dorreen has taken decision that she doesn’t want to alive she in turn cannot take care of herself. Dorreen tends to have an AHD. The decision taken by the Molly to document this data in Dorreen’s record that, she will not receive CPR in the happening of cardiac arrest event. Hence, the decision taken by the Molly is absolutely right. This way it will help Molly to comply with the Article 5 of Autonomy and individual responsibility where the decision of the Doreen will be taken into consideration. 4. Discuss whether the decision made by the MET is consistent with Article 7 Persons without the capacity to consent. Article 7 is referred to as a plea where the person without the capacity i.e., the individual person who does not have the capability to consent have human dignity. Hence the dignity of the individual person is not usually dependent on quality of the Doreen’s autonomy. It is considered to be very useful in protecting the dignity and human right of an individual. Doreen has been becoming cyanosed. All over there are various nurses which has been taking into consideration by the Medical Emergency team (Daly, Speedy, & Jackson, (2017)). However, the Medical Emergency team in turn has arrived manually and promptly where the Doreen has been ventilated via her trache. However, the heart rate of the Doreen’s has been dropped out to the 25 beats per minute. Data in Dorreen’s record that, she will not receive CPR in the happening of cardiac arrest event. Hence, within few minutes Doreen was asystolic and however she died. However, the Dorreen was not in the condition to take proper decision and Medical emergency team has made the right choice and acted in compliance with the ethical laws and standards (Snelling, (2016)). It is considered to be very crucial for taking consent from the patient in order to undergo specific treatment and is well aware of the risks, benefits and various other set of the alternative treatment. 5. Provide a rationale for the legal obligation to obtain consent for Doreen’s tracheostomy even though she doesn’t have decision-making capacity. 2
Paraphrase This Document
Need a fresh take? Get an instant paraphrase of this document with our AI Paraphraser
Tracheostomy insertion is very useful in providing assistance and comfort at the time of weaning Dorreen from the ventilator. This in turn has helped Doreen in taking informed decision by taking small range of instructions (Chadwick, & Gallagher, (2016)).The health care practitioners must focus on taking informed set of decision which has even helped me in better understanding of the various set of ethical issues and are subject to the human rights. The key principles associated with the informed consent are beneficence, justice and autonomy (What are theBasicPrinciplesof Medical Ethics?. 2020). There is high degree of legal obligation to take consent from the patient that what kind of treatment the patient should receive or not. However, the collaborative decision making of the friends and family members, patients and health care practitioners within the procedure of legal and ethical obligation related with the health care providers (Ellershaw, Fullarton, Rodwell, & Mcwilliams. (2016)). Taking action without the informed consent of the patient is considered to be as a malpractice within medical system and is considered to be as an unethical legal practice. 6. Does Prison Governor Vera Bennett have legal authority to provide consent for Doreen’s pacemaker insertion? Support your answer with Queensland legal authority. Yes, Prison Governor Vera Bennett have legal authority to provide consent for Doreen’s pacemaker insertion because he tends to witness all the legal documentation work of the patient. Doreen has complained of having short breath and was also clammy and nausea. Pacemaker insertion is considered to be as a small device which in turn is placed in the chest in order to control the various abnormal rhythms of the heart (Doran & et.al. (2015)). Pacemaker is considered to be very useful in using various electrical pulses in order to help heart to beat at the normal rate. This procedure is however performed under the local anaesthesia. Doreen has been an inmate at Queensland Correctional Facility so they in turn have all the legal authority to take all the legal decision on behalf of the Doreen. 7. Which of the stakeholders in the scenario have legal authority to provide consent for the insertion of Doreen’s tracheostomy? Support your answer with Queensland legal authority. Prison Governor Vera Bennett in turn is considered to be as one of the key stakeholder who in turn tends to have legal authority to provide consent for the insertion of Doreen’s tracheostomy. The governor has the legal authority to take informed decision on behalf of the Doreen for the better care results and outcomes of the patient (Atkins, De Lacey, Ripperger, & 3
Ripperger, (2020)). Doreen has been an inmate at Queensland Correctional Facility so they in turn have all the legal authority to take all the legal decision on behalf of the Doreen. 8. Doreen completed her AHD in the presence of the prison doctor. What does the doctor need to determine to ensure that Doreen had decision-making capacity at the time it was completed? Support your decision with Queensland legal authority. The decision of the patient in turn is considered to be very relevant which helps in providing relevant set of information which in turn helps in improving the quality of the decision. The doctor in turn needs to make sure that the patient must be in his complete sense which signing up for the AHD and is taking decision within complete mindfulness and individual responsibility (llershaw, Fullarton, Rodwell, & Mcwilliams. (2016)). It is very useful for the doctor to make sure that the patient has complete knowledge related with the specific AHD. The prison doctor must be given complete knowledge associated with the AHD in order to take informed decision by Doreen. 9. Discuss whether Dr Molly Bean can rely on Doreen’s AHD as a valid refusal of CPR. Yes, Dr Molly Bean can highly rely on Doreen’s AHD which in turn is considered to be as the valid refusal term for the CPR. The health conditions of the Dorreen’s has been declining and she could not perform the task on her own. This in turn is considered to be as one of the major source which in turn eventually leads to maintaining the confidentiality and respecting the decision making of the Doreen’s.Health care practitioner’s not taking informed consent from the patient in turn is considered to be as the medical malpractice on behalf of the doctor (Daly, Speedy, & Jackson, (2017)). Hence, it is considered to be as one of the valid term for refusing thecardiopulmonary resuscitation for the patient. 10. With reference to the Healthcare Principle, describe the factors Doreen’s substitute decision maker must consider when making decisions about her healthcare. Bioethicists tends to often offer four basis key principles within the health care system at the time of evaluation of the medical procedures. However, for the medical practice in turn to be considered ethically right within the medical procedure. Justice, beneficence, autonomy and non- maleficence in turn are considered to be as the four key principles related with the nursing (What aretheBasicPrinciplesof Medical Ethics?.2020).Moreover, proportionality and health maximization and efficiency in turn are considered to be as the key principles associated with the health care ethics. The 4
substitute decision maker of the Doreen must in turn tends to highly focus on respecting the autonomy of the patient where the Dorreen in turn has mentioned that, he does not want to live if he cannot perform the task on his own. Doreen in turn must have complete autonomy of intentions, thoughts and actions when making appropriate decision related with the health care (Chadwick, & Gallagher, (2016)). However, the decision making procedure in turn must be free from coercion in order to make complete decision related with the benefits and risks related with the specific treatment. CONCLUSION From the above it has been concluded that,Mindfulness and independence helps in taking very accurate decision rather than having impulsive decision to the immediate needs of the patient. Caring is considered to be one of the core value helps in the attainment of the best possible results by taking informed decision associated with the care of Doreen. Article 5 of Autonomy and individual responsibility states that, patient has full anonymity to take informed decision. It has been concluded that, Article 7 is considered to be as a plea where the person without the capacity to consent have human dignity. Bioethicists tends to often offer four basis key principles within the health care system i.e., justice, beneficence, autonomy and non- maleficence. Proportionality and health maximization and efficiency in turn are considered to be as the key principles associated with the health care ethics. 5
Secure Best Marks with AI Grader
Need help grading? Try our AI Grader for instant feedback on your assignments.
REFERENCES Books and Journals Atkins, K., De Lacey, S., Ripperger, B., & Ripperger, R. (2020).Ethics and law for Australian nurses. Cambridge University Press. Avery, G. (2016).Law and ethics in nursing and healthcare: an introduction. Sage. Chadwick, R., & Gallagher, A. (2016).Ethics and nursing practice. Macmillan International Higher Education. Daly, J., Speedy, S., & Jackson, D. (2017).Contexts of nursing: An introduction. Elsevier Health Sciences. Doran, E & et.al. (2015). Managing ethical issues in patient care and the need for clinical ethics support.Australian Health Review,39(1), 44-50. Ellershaw, J., Fullarton, C., Rodwell, J., & Mcwilliams, J. (2016). Conscientiousness, openness toexperienceandextraversionaspredictorsofnursingworkperformance:afacet‐level analysis.Journal of nursing management,24(2), 244-252. Johnstone, M. J. (2016). Key milestones in the operationalisation of professional nursing ethics in Australia: a brief historical overview.Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing, The,33(4), 35. Johnstone, M. J., & Facn, P. B. R. (2019).Bioethics: a nursing perspective. Elsevier. Snelling,P.C.(2016).Themetaethicsofnursingcodesofethicsandconduct.Nursing Philosophy,17(4), 229-249. Online WhataretheBasicPrinciplesof MedicalEthics?.2020.ONLINE].Availablethrough< https://web.stanford.edu/class/siw198q/websites/reprotech/New%20Ways%20of%20Making %20Babies/EthicVoc.htm> 6