The UK criminal justice system

Law and Legal System INTRODUCTION 1 MAIN BODY1 P5 Role and responsibilities of public services1 P6 Measuring the effectiveness of justice through crimeratesand statistics 3 P7 Usefulness of data and statistics to measure justice and formulating effective policies 3 M4 and D2 Exploring and evaluating the different ways of measuring the effectiveness of these statistics 4 CONCLUSION 4 REFERENCES 5 INTRODUCTION The criminal justice system of the UK is responsible for enforcement of the law with direct involvement of apprehending,

Law and Legal System

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1
P5 Role and responsibilities of public services..........................................................................1
P6 Measuring the effectiveness of justice through crime rates and statistics.............................3
P7 Usefulness of data and statistics to measure justice and formulating effective policies........3
M4 and D2 Exploring and evaluating the different ways of measuring the effectiveness of
these statistics..............................................................................................................................4
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................4
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................5

INTRODUCTION
The criminal justice system of the UK is responsible for enforcement of the law with
direct involvement of apprehending, defending, sentencing and prosecution of those who have
committed any kind of criminal offenses. The criminal justice system consist of law
enforcement, adjudication and corrections services. In the present report the agencies under this
system are discussed with their roles and responsibilities along with that the crime data and
statistics is taken form the government sites such as ONS and police force determining the actual
rate of various crimes in UK. The effectiveness and usefulness of this data is discussed in
formulation of polices and controlling re offending.
MAIN BODY
P5 Role and responsibilities of public services
The criminal justice system is that system that is responsible for delivering the justices to
those who have committed crime (Leong, 2016). The criminal justice system have a hierarchy
where the roles starts from catching the criminals and then after punishing them, keeping them in
the prison custody and then watch them after the release and protect from re offending. This
involves a long process. All the roles are adhered to different authorities and public service.
These public services are competed by different agencies including different agencies at various
level of criminal justice system.
TWO PRIMARY AGENCIES UNDER CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM AND THEIR
ROLE:
Police: is that body of officer which represent the authority of the government. The
police is responsible for maintaining the public order and safety, enforcing the law and
prevention and detection and investigation of the criminal activities. The polices is responsible to
catch a criminal offender and them present them in court or to the magistrate for further
proceedings. It is the responsibility of the police to keep the offender in the police custody till
the time of decision over the sentence to probation of that criminal.
Courts: includes higher and lower courts. The lowers one is magistrate courts where the
summery crimes offences are hears and then sentence is given such as motoring offense, minor
criminal offense, drinking and driving. The higher courts includes supreme courts, crown courts
where the cases of serious criminal offense are heard and decided upon. The courts are run by
judges who are responsible to pass judgements in accordance with law and make sure that law is
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followed in giving decision under the court proceedings. The judges have role to decide that
whether to release the offender before trial, accept or reject the plea agreements, oversees the
trials and sentences the convicted offender.
SUPPORTING AGENCIES: includes other agencies under the UK criminal justice
system who also plays a vital role in catching and punishing the criminal offences. From keeping
them in custody to their release and supervise them within in community to protect them form re
offending.
Crown prosecution services (CPS): is a government body which have a responsibility
to prosecute criminal cases which have been investigated by the police and other investigating
organizations in England and Wales (Fox, Bannister, and Miszczak, 2016). This body has a role
to see that right person is prosecutes for right offense and to bring justice to offender.
Prisons: plays vital role in the criminal justice system as to protect the public form
dangerous and violent criminals. The prison deprives the offender of their liberty and certain
freedoms that are enjoyed by the rest of the people in the society. The prisons also acts as
deterrents as they held the criminals under the prison custody and hold back them to have any
communication with community except with the permission of police authority through legal
procedure.
Probation: service s is another agency which have role and responsibility of supervising
the offenders in the community and the provision of reporting to the criminal courts to aids them
in deciding the sentencing of the offender.
SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES:
All the above agencies that is police, courts, prison, probation and prosecution are part of
criminal justice system. They all serve a single purpose of catching the criminals and punishing
them. All the agencies have responsibility to reduce the crimes and make the lawful use of the
legal criminal structure. This means they all act within the powers and authorities adhered to
them by the law.
The differentiation among all these agencies can be carries out as the police is a part of
law enforcement rather CPS and courts are responsible for adjudication, while prison and
probation are part of correction services (Grant, 2015). The polices catch the criminals and
investigate the cases. Rather, the courts and CPS see into the investigation proceedings and
decide over the case to start the trial or dismiss the person and pass judgements in form on
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sentencing. On the other hand the correction services provided by prison and probation are
related with the protection of the society from criminal and barring the offenders form engaging
in criminal activities again.
P6 Measuring the effectiveness of justice through crime rates and statistics
As per the statistics present on the ONS site of the government in recent times there is
increase in the crime where knives and sharp objected are used to committee offences. These
crimes set a rise by 8% as per the police records. Due to this the people who suffered injuries and
were admitted to the hospitals increased to 15% (Crime and justice, 2018). An increase in the
vehicle offences by 3 % have been seen for the years ended September 2018. There was a 10%
rise in the theft of unauthorised vehicles for the same time, also the cases of firearms have also
fallen down by 4%. The increase in the cases of robbery offences showed an increase of 17%,
which is huge. The case of burglary shows a fall of 1% which was high in the past years. This
can be stated the crime have increase in England and Wales for the year ended September 2018,
related to crime with knives, robbery and the of vehicles. Rather, there was a minor fall in the
cases of burglary and involving firearms (National crime agency, 2018). The case of sexual
offences recorded in same time was 1660 rather the offences of stalking and harassments
numbered to 2182. The numbers are taken from the police report and recorded which are actual
figures published on the site of ONS government. This shoes the data and figures shoes the
effective statistics over the crimes and offences happened in England and Wales in a given times
frame. In the present report the data for the years ended 2018 is taken.
P7 Usefulness of data and statistics to measure justice and formulating effective policies
The Criminal data which is published by the various government bodies and organization
gives a clear picture of the rate of crime committed in the nation. The use of statistical analysis
on crime and criminals justice is critical for the government to be effective in implementation of
the anti crime programs and protection of the well being of the people in the society from the
criminal actions of the offenders. The agencies and other government authorities extensively use
the numbers and information of crime for describing the situation and deriving a logical
inference and concluding the data and figures. Statistical data in criminal justice are gathered to
answer questions and often data is collected during the crime investigation process. With this the
area that can be looked into are incidence of crimes, profile of offenders and their characteristic
and recidivism.
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M4 and D2 Exploring and evaluating the different ways of measuring the effectiveness of these
statistics
The two methods of collecting the data on crime under the law are enforcement reports
and the victim study. Under the enforcement report the data related to crime which are reported,
recorded are reflected. Under the victim study victimization statistical surveys are conducted
where the data is collected as relying on the individual memory and honesty (Parsloe, 2017). The
effectiveness of these data can be set out as the statistic under the enforcement report is true as it
contains records and reports of the actual crimes happened and most of the crimes reports are
actual as a wrong reporting can lead to the sentence of person reporting it. The victimisation
survey servers the statistical data which is true as a victim tell the story what they have suffered
and this becomes the data of national statistics. This can be stated that the data on the
government sites and collated through the victimisation survey are right and can be relied upon
to make the policies and enforcement of law.
CONCLUSION
This has been concluded for this report that the criminal justice system in the UK have a
duty and responsibility in catching the criminals and punishing them alongside taking effective
measures to reduce the crime in nation. The agencies under this system are the police, Crown
Prosecution Service, courts, prison, probation and youth offending teams. Furthermore, it has
been identifies that statistics and data of the crime defines the rate of crime in the UK of various
kings. This data also helps in formulating the polices on how to control the crimes and takes
measures to address the re offending.
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REFERENCES
Books and journal
Leong, A. V. M., 2016. The disruption of international organised crime: an analysis of legal and
non-legal strategies. Routledge.
Fox, C., Bannister, J. and Miszczak, P., 2016. The 2010-2015 coalition and criminal justice:
continuities and contradictions. Safer Communities.15(2). pp.110-120.
Grant, S., 2015. Constructing the durable penal agent: Tracing the development of habitus within
English probation officers and Scottish criminal justice social workers. British Journal of
Criminology. 56(4). pp.750-768.
Parsloe, P., 2017. Juvenile justice in Britain and the United States: The balance of needs and
rights. Routledge.
Online
Crime and justice. 2018. [Online]. Available through
:<https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/crimeandjustice>.
National crime agency. 2018. [Online]. Available through
:<https://www.nationalcrimeagency.gov.uk/>.
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