Leadership and Management

This document discusses the concepts of leadership and management, including the skills and qualities required to be a successful leader. It also explores the development of leadership skills and the differences between leadership and management. Find study material, assignments, and essays on leadership and management at Desklib.

Leadership and
Management

Table of Contents
What is involved in being a successful leader?...............................................................................1
Can good leadership be developed, and if so, how?........................................................................2
What distinguishes leadership from management?..........................................................................2
What have you personally learnt about leadership from your own experiences, on this course and
elsewhere? .......................................................................................................................................3
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................4

What is involved in being a successful leader?
In order to become a successful leaders, they must have good skills and qualities which
also leads to show their concept and ability to visualise the whole organisation. There are only
few leaders who have the ability to foresee the future of company and also leads to develop clear
and concrete goals which is beneficial for company (Renz, 2016). In order to become an efficient
leader it should include high level efficiency and skills which include various skills like
communication, strategic skills, effective management, innovative, risk taking and so on. To
being a successful leader various theories and traits are used that are mentioned as under:
Individual
Great man theory:
Leadership qualities are inborn in an individual as it asserts that great leaders are those
who leadership qualities by born as they are not made. As per this theory, leadership depicts
certain qualities such as persuasiveness, charm, judgement, courage, intelligence, aggressiveness,
intuition and so on. Leadership qualities are in the genes or important thing which inherited in
family from generation to generation (Bush, Bell and Middlewood, 2019). Its examples include
Abraham Lincoln, Nelson Mandela and so on as these leaders are natural with inbuilt qualities of
leadership and achieve great tag because of their divine design. Moreover, these leaders become
the good inspiration in terms of motivating and encouraging people in order to achieve their
dreams in life and career.
Skills-Based model:
This leadership theory include the prediction regarding the idea and thought considering
various skills that helps in enhancing the leadership qualities and skills. In this, leadership theory
can be developed by joining various classes and training sessions as this model include three
basic skills: Conceptual depicts the significant concept and skills that are required to become more
efficient as include various ideas, planning, visualizing and development of goals. Technical depicts that effective leader become more proficient as it is important to
conduct important task which is the main line of business. In this, employees become
more proficient in technical skills as they know that most of the individuals understand
their job (Diamond and Spillane, 2016).
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 Human depicts the ability to listen and understand different perspective that are willing
to understand the overall situation and also motivate employees to keep them focused.
Lewin's leadership style:
This leadership style depicts that there are three types of leaders who have different types
of leadership skills that are mentioned as: Authoritarian: These are the leaders who spells out their goals, timeline and various
methods and also make decisions on their own and does not include other individuals in
their decision making. These leaders are controlling, bossy and has dictatorship in their
nature. Participative: These leaders express their priorities and values in terms of developing
goals and making effective decisions including other staff members by accepting their
advice and suggestions (Willis, Clarke and O'Connor, 2017). These leaders tends to
develop more creative problem solving ideas instead of authoritarian approach. Delegation: As per this skill, leaders hand over each and every responsibility on the staff
members as they give authority to develop and set goals by their own. Here, leaders does
not have their involvement in any kind of decision.
Contextual
Situational approach:
This approach depicts that leaders has the ability and desire to identify traits or
behaviours that leads to impact leaders. As in this, leaders put emphasis on effective situations as
these leaders focus on both directive and supportive dimension that were applied as the current
situation. These leaders are constructed around the significant ideas and thoughts in terms of
moving forward within the job (Solomon, Costea and Nita, 2016). Hence, in this leaders take
effective decisions as per the demand and requirement of situation that occurs in the company. In
terms of this, psychology plays an important role in terms of surviving within the dynamic
business environment. In this, leaders are able to assess their own style of leadership in terms of
making their subordinates more comfortable.
Path goal theory:
This theory is based on the overall expectations that are followed in order to get effective
result and also helps in motivating employees in terms of offering satisfaction as it makes them
more productive to become the member of company. It has four significant paths:
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 Directive leaders tends to provide effective direction to their employees and also depicts
that what is expected from them. Supportive leaders give proper support to their employees by describing effective
concern and also become more friendly with them. Participative leaders consult with their followers before making any decision and it is
more proficient with highly trained employees. Achievement depicts those leaders who develop challenging targets and objectives for
their employees and effective in professional work environment.
Relational
Servant leadership:
These are the leaders who have aim to serve for their organisation and this approach is
different from traditional leadership as its main objective is to thriving for company and its
objectives. These are the leaders who share their power and put the requirements of employees at
first and also helpful for people in order to perform in more efficient manner (Hallinger, 2018).
For instance, Kevin Johnson adopt this leadership styles who is CEO of Starbucks as they offer
effective services to organisation.
Transformational leadership:
As per this leadership style, leader works with team in order to identify the required
change that leads to create prominent vision which is useful in terms of guiding change with
effective management and also execute change with efficient and committed members. These
leaders serve in terms of enhancing the motivation, morale and overall performance of
employees with the help of various methods (Fischer and et. al., 2016). For example, Jeff Bezoz
CEO of Amazon use this leadership style which is useful terms of offering proper support to
their employees and also execute effective change with better vision for the growth and success
of company.
Can good leadership be developed, and if so, how?
Leadership is a skill which is present in individuals since their birth as there are some
people who are natural leaders and various skills are also present in terms of developing
leadership skills in people. As with the help of various institutes and training programs
leadership skill can also be develop and there are various ways in order to develop leadership
skills that are mentioned as under:
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 Practice discipline: A good leader need to be more disciplined as professionalism need
discipline in life as only an efficient and effective leader is the one who can inspire others
to be in discipline. In terms of this, other people leads to judge the capacity with the
ethics and disciplined work as proper discipline at the work place always leads to meet
the deadlines within the stipulated period of time. Take on more projects: Working on many projects shows the effective way by which a
leader can develop their skills and take more responsibilities on their shoulders. For this,
leaders need to take more things they can handle and need to prominently perform more
than they can as per their overall performance and growing criteria (Weiss, Tappen and
Grimley, 2019). Therefore, leaders need to step out from their comfort zone in order to
gain and learn something new which is noticed by various executives. Learn to follow: An efficient leader is the one who has no problem in terms of yielding
control to another person as they should need to feel threatened when other individuals
disagrees with them and also question ideas and thoughts. For this, leader need to keep
their mind open and also leads to give merit as it is not so easy to learn something new
and gain respect from others. Hence, to become an effective leader, they need to include
their subordinates and staff members with them as well. Develop situational awareness: A good leader is the one who see the effective picture
and also evaluate various problems before it occurs. As it is considered as the valuable
skill in terms of handling complex projects within the short period of time. For this,
leaders must have the ability to foresee and offer effective suggestions in terms of
neglecting suitable problems (Castillo and Hallinger, 2018). Hence, this capability is
helpful in terms of recognising various opportunities and also spread awareness about
effective use of things and skills within effective situation. Inspire others: To become a good leader represent that they need to motivate others as
the part of their team and as a leader they are also capable enough to motivate and inspire
those members for their work in order to collaborate in effective and best way they can.
In terms of this, team members need to encourage or provide guidance who need it as it
helps in improving their overall performance and somehow individuals also need
someone who can listen to their problems.
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 Empower team mates: Every person is not best in everything and sooner or later they
need to realize that they need an efficient leader who can understand them and also
empower their efforts to become and effective employee. In terms of this, delegating task
on individuals leads to make employees feel free in order to perform it according their
skills and authority as it leads to empower other individuals within the team and also
helps in boosting their performance and productivity which is helpful in motivating them.
 Resolving conflicts: In order to become and efficient leader it is important to have
conflict management and resolving skills rather than neglecting interpersonal conflicts.
For this, employees should have effective knowledge of understanding the perspective of
various individuals as it helps in finding and getting effective solutions (Oplatka and
Arar, 2017). It is also helps in considering those who are capable enough in terms of
involving people more privately. Moreover, leaders should be open to reassign team
members if conflicts does not get resolved.
Therefore, in order to become an effective leader it is important for a leader to adopt
effective leadership style like transformational and participative which is helpful in order to
motivate and guide leaders as it leads to boost their overall performance and productivity of
employees and helps in making them more efficient to perform their job role. Effective leader
also tends to eliminate absenteeism and employees turnover from an organisation and also leads
to motivate them in terms of remaining within an organisation. Hence, efficient leader tends to
retain maximum number of employees which is useful for the growth and development of
company.
What distinguishes leadership from management?
Define Management
Management defines all the tasks and actions undertaken for accomplishing goals and
ultimate objectives of organisation with the help of continuous activities. Thus, management is
defined as the process of planning, organising, leading, decision-making, monitoring and
controlling the resources such as finance, human resources, tangible (physical) and intangible
(informational) resources of the entity to reach and attain aims and objective with effectiveness
an efficiency (Jefferies and et. al., 2016).
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For better understanding and analysis of management concept a concept known as
Threefold concept of Management is utilised for putting a broader scope and viewpoint of
management.
Illustration 1: What is Management? Definition, Concept, Features, 2017
(Source: What is Management? Definition, Concept, Features, 2017) Management is an Economic Factor: For a economist management is an act of
production by integrating labour, capital and land. As industrialisation and
internationalisation increases the need for management also increases. Management is a System Authority: In case of an administrator management is
identified as a system of authority.
 Management is a Class and Status System: In view of socialists management is referring
to class and social status system.
Management is a process of several actions and tasks and it is applicable to all stages and
level of an organisation and to all separate kind of companies existing in the industry of a
particular industry, big or small, private or public, voluntary or profit based.
Define Leadership
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Leadership is defines as a skill and competency of a leader who is an individual that is
responsible for leading the people that is their followers in right direction by inspiring them
rather than ordering or forcing them to do something (Cherry and Jacob, 2016). Leadership is an
ability where an individual is able to drive employees towards the goals and objective of
company with the help of few actions which are as follows:
 By creating a vision of team for future.
 By inspiring and encouraging people to engage their actions with the vision.
 By directing and coaching employees and developing a effective team making them more
effective for achieving the prescribes vision.
Thus, a simple and understandable meaning of leadership is an art of motivating a group
of individual who are known as followers for acting towards a common goals with integrating
efforts and actions. It is different concept form management which requires a trait that extent
beyond management duties and actions.
Difference between Management and Leadership
Leadership and Management are two separate terms holding different means and features
still use interchangeably in the industry and world. Therefore, difference between Leadership and
Management are presented below in the table with examples.
Basis Leadership Management
Vision Leaders under the role of
leadership are responsible for
developing vision, refine it and
establish strategic direction
accordingly (Podsakoff and
Podsakoff, 2019).
On the other hand,
management of the company
and managers organise
resources for the plans by
making budgets, developing
processes and setting
timelines.
Human Development The leadership role enables
leaders to align the
organisational vision and be in
effective communication with
staff by conveying them the
The management on the
contrary is responsible for
delegating responsibilities and
tasks to people according to
their expertise and helps
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mission, vision and value of it.
Moreover, leaders display high
emotions and increase choices
of employees by providing
higher numbers of options
available to them for working
and performing their
respective job roles.
leaders in implementing the
vision. Moreover, management
and manages has a trait of risk
avoiders so they do not
innovate and somewhere limits
the choices of employees while
managing them and assigning
tasks (Herman, 2016).
Execution Leadership is an at of inspiring
and motivating employees
while working with them and
creating a direction. Their aim
is to focus on personnels and
their basis needs for fulfilling
them and provide them job
satisfaction. Also, leaders take
high risk actions for problem-
solving and approaches which
are creative and actually
helpful in doing so (Hammad
and Hallinger, 2017).
Management of an
organisation control processes
and procedures. They are
responsible for the whole
organisation and its overall
issues they make development
and changes for managing the
problems of company
determining them and
rendering appropriate solutions
to it and then monitor results.
Also, management takes low-
risk approaches for problem
solving rather than going for
hit and try methods they make
use of tried and tested ones.
What have you personally learnt about leadership from your own experiences,
on this course and elsewhere?
By undertaking the above discussion it is identified that I carry various skills which
should be present in a leader such as effective communication, conflict management, problem
solving, motivation and so on. In terms of this, there are various skills as well in which I am
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weak and need proper development which is useful in order to enhance and achieve effective
growth and success in my career. In terms of this, leadership qualities are present in an individual
since birth and there are some of the skills which need proper development which is useful in
order to achieve success and growth for an organisation. Moreover, with the help of effective
leadership skills I can motivate and inspire my subordinates as well which is useful for their
growth and development. Along with the help of above report, I learnt to be decisive as leaders
need to be have effective and quick decision making and effectively motivate their employees as
it leads to increase morale of employees. Furthermore, in order to become successful leader, I
need to involve my employees and other staff members in decision making process which is
useful in order to get new and fresh ideas with the help of new talent as it is more effective for
successfully run an organisation. In terms of this, in order to become an effective leader I need to
implement change in prominent way which is useful and beneficial for both employees and
organisation to become more efficient as it leads to develop productivity of company.
Besides this, I also learnt that to become a successful leader, prominent leadership style is
adopted which is useful in guiding and directing individuals in order to become more efficient
considering the inspirational concept which is useful in encouraging and motivating leaders as
their focus is combating negativity and weakness. Along with this, I should trust my talent and
become bold in terms of taking effective decisions for the betterment of company. Away with
this, in order to become an effective leader it include various traits, skills and style which is
useful in bid to become more efficient in terms of interacting with people. Despite from this,
various effective theories and approaches are used of leaders considering the effective examples
as these helps in developing motivating and inspiring people. “Leaders are born and not made” is
proposed in Great man theory of leadership but there are various skills that should be developed
considering the effectiveness and efficiency of an individual with the help of various classroom
programs and training sessions. Furthermore, I also understand their both management and
leadership are different concept as manager is terms as developer and leader is known as
implementer and it is understood with the help of effective comparison and differences. For this,
I need to understand that my decision are not influences my subordinates but also influences
running and functioning of company.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Bush, T., Bell, L. and Middlewood, D. eds., 2019. Principles of Educational Leadership &
Management. SAGE Publications Limited.
Castillo, F.A. and Hallinger, P., 2018. Systematic review of research on educational leadership
and management in Latin America, 1991–2017. Educational Management
Administration & Leadership, 46(2), pp.207-225.
Cherry, B. and Jacob, S.R., 2016. Contemporary nursing: Issues, trends, & management.
Elsevier Health Sciences.
Diamond, J.B. and Spillane, J.P., 2016. School leadership and management from a distributed
perspective: A 2016 retrospective and prospective. Management in Education, 30(4),
pp.147-154.
Fischer, M.D and et. al., 2016. Knowledge leadership: Mobilizing management research by
becoming the knowledge object. Human Relations, 69(7), pp.1563-1585.
Hallinger, P., 2018. Surfacing a hidden literature: A systematic review of research on
educational leadership and management in Africa. Educational Management
Administration & Leadership, 46(3), pp.362-384.
Hammad, W. and Hallinger, P., 2017. A systematic review of conceptual models and methods
used in research on educational leadership and management in Arab societies. School
Leadership & Management, 37(5), pp.434-456.
Herman, R.D., 2016. Executive leadership. The Jossey-Bass handbook of nonprofit leadership
and management, pp.167-187.
Jefferies, R and et. al., 2016. Leadership and management in UK medical school
curricula. Journal of health organization and management.
Oplatka, I. and Arar, K., 2017. The research on educational leadership and management in the
Arab world since the 1990s: A systematic review. Review of Education, 5(3), pp.267-
307.
Podsakoff, P.M. and Podsakoff, N.P., 2019. Experimental designs in management and leadership
research: Strengths, limitations, and recommendations for improving publishability. The
Leadership Quarterly, 30(1), pp.11-33.
Renz, D.O., 2016. The Jossey-Bass handbook of nonprofit leadership and management. John
Wiley & Sons.
Solomon, I.G., Costea, C. and Nita, A.M., 2016. Leadership versus management in public
organizations. Economics, Management and Financial Markets, 11(1), p.143.
Weiss, S.A., Tappen, R.M. and Grimley, K., 2019. Essentials of nursing leadership &
management. FA Davis.
Willis, S., Clarke, S. and O'Connor, E., 2017. Contextualizing leadership: Transformational
leadership and Management‐By‐Exception‐Active in safety‐critical contexts. Journal of
Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 90(3), pp.281-305.
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