Leadership in Business Ethics and Styles in Management

This article discusses the importance of leadership in business ethics and explores various management styles such as Laissez-Faire, Autocrat, Participative, Transactional, and Transformational. It also highlights the benefits of anti-discrimination laws and equal opportunity. The article provides insights into the HR Manager position at Walmart and their ethics beliefs. It further discusses the advantages of decision-making and democratic leadership. Additionally, the article presents research studies on the construction industry.

Running head: LEADERSHIP
Leadership
Name of the student:
Name of the university:
Author note

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Assessment 1
Answer 1
“Business ethics” is a concise, but in many ways misleading, label for an interdisciplinary
field covering a vast range of normative issues in the world of commerce. The label lends itself
most directly to a core set of questions about how individuals in the business world ought to
behave, or what principles they might appeal to in order to negotiate moral dilemmas at work.
Answer 2
Trust: When an organization’s leader is reliable, willing to admit mistakes and
trustworthy, subordinates tend to have confidence in leadership. Employees believe that leaders
will keep promises and therefore are willing to commit to the organization’s goals as well.
Relationships: Ethical leadership creates and maintains a safe work environment for the
workforce. All employees get treated with dignity and respect, regardless of their level in the
organization. This type of leadership enables fair and equal opportunity for promotion, following
local, state and federal regulations prohibiting discrimination for ethnicity, gender or age.
Answer 3
The personality to defy group-think
Good leaders display certain personality traits that are common across cultures and
history; those of intelligence and imagination to create a compelling vision of the future, and
bring those who can deliver it with them.
The ability to set a good example

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The defining feature of the ethical leader is that in addition to the foundational qualities
mentioned above, they are seen to act from their own well- developed set of ethical principles,
setting a consistently good example for others to follow.
They are not afraid to be challenged
Having one’s subordinates call you out, disagree with you, challenge your judgment; all
of this calls for great understanding and tolerance. Ethical leaders understand that it is part of a
culture of continuous improvement.
Answer 4
The Laissez-Faire Leader
A laissez-faire leader lacks direct supervision of employees and fails to provide regular
feedback to those under his supervision. Highly experienced and trained employees requiring
little supervision fall under the laissez-faire leadership style.
The Autocrat
The autocratic leadership style allows managers to make decisions alone without the
input of others. Managers possess total authority and impose their will on employees. No one
challenges the decisions of autocratic leaders.
The Participative Leader
Often called the democratic leadership style, participative leadership values the input of
team members and peers, but the responsibility of making the final decision rests with the

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participative leader. Participative leadership boosts employee morale because employees
contribute to the decision-making process.
The Transactional Leader
Managers using the transactional leadership style receive certain tasks to perform and
provide rewards or punishments to team members based on performance results. Managers and
team members set predetermined goals together, and employees agree to follow the direction and
leadership of the manager to accomplish those goals.
The Transformational Leader
The transformational leadership style depends on high levels of communication from
management to meet goals. Leaders motivate employees and enhance productivity and efficiency
through communication and high visibility.
Answer 5
Charismatic leaders are the movers and shakers of the world, daring to challenge the
status quo and empower their followers to perform beyond normal expectations. Charismatic
leaders transform their followers to make personal sacrifices for the sake of the collective and to
become involved in the leader’s vision and mission.
Answer 6
Be Generous With Information

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Leaders, no matter what their position in the company, need a steady stream of
information about your business, customers and markets to make good decisions. Instead of
withholding information from your people, be free and transparent with it.
Let Your Employees Make Decisions
Don't just talk employee empowerment--really do employee empowerment. By giving
employees at every level of your organization decision-making authority (including such things
as determining what products will be designed and sold to customers, creating work schedules,
hiring and firing), you will unleash a widespread desire on the part of employees to lead.
Be Passionate About Your Mission
Passion gives employees a compelling reason to undertake ambitious responsibilities and
to step up to challenges as they occur. Create a strong sense of mission in your organization and
ensure it is reflected in your company culture.
Answer 7
First: Trust with generosity.
Second: be patient and flexible.
Third: Be dependable.
Answer 8
The current situation shows that without effective leadership and good governance at all
levels in private, public and civil organizations, it is arguably virtually impossible to achieve and
to sustain effective administration, to achieve goals, to sustain quality and deliver first-rate

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services. The increasing complexities and requirements arising from the constant change in our
globe, coupled with the constant push for higher levels of productivity, require effective and
ethical leadership.
Answer 9
Benefits of following anti-discrimination law and providing equal opportunity
 the best person gets each job;
 the right employees are trained in the right skills;
 the best employees are promoted;
 each employee’s skills are developed to reach their full potential irrespective of their
personal characteristics;
 everyone is able to work productively in a non-threatening and non-harassing
environment;
 your workforce reflects the diversity of your (potential) markets;
 your team and your organization are more productive;
 you don't end up in court fighting costly discrimination or harassment complaints.
Assessment 3
HR Manager at Walmart, Australia
Walmart website: www.walmart.com

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Position Description
 Communicate with (or to) individuals or groups verbally and/or in writing (e.g. customers,
suppliers, associates).
 Drive and implement the business plan for area of responsibility to achieve facility goals (e.g.,
production, quality, safety) and implement operational improvements.
 Ensure compliance with company HR policies and local, state, and federal laws and
regulations
 Investigate and ensure associate, customer and supplier concerns are resolved, using own
judgment or consulting others when needed.
 Monitor and ensure area of responsibility's compliance with Logistics and company quality
and safety standards, policies, procedures and directives
 Oversee, direct, and conduct day-to-day operations of all HR related functions (e.g., benefits,
hiring/transfers, terminations, payroll, associate relations programs)
 Serve as a community liaison
 Supervise and/or manage associates and leaders in area of responsibility
Following are some of the activities that are include in the area of human resource development.
1. Training & Development
2. Organizational Development
3. Career Development

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The goals and objectives of the HR Manager focused on the future development are:
 S- Talent Management and strategic Talent Acquisition;
 M- Business Strategy Implementation;
 A- Organization Design and Succession Planning;
 R- Diversity Management;
 T- Innovations Management.
Walmart overview
What started small, with a single discount store and the simple idea of selling more for
less, has grown over the last 50 years into the largest retailer in the world. Each week, nearly 270
million customers and members visit our more than 11,700 stores under 65 banners in 28
countries and eCommerce websites. With fiscal year 2018 revenue of $500.3 billion, Walmart
employs approximately 2.3 million associates worldwide. Walmart continues to be a leader in
sustainability, corporate philanthropy and employment opportunity. It’s all part of our unwavering
commitment to creating opportunities and bringing value to customers and communities around
the world.
One of the strategic objectives of Walmart is to keep operating costs low. As mentioned,
the firm minimizes wages and spending in other areas of the business for this objective. Another
strategic objective of Walmart is to achieve economies of scale to support the cost-leadership
generic strategy.
I want to be a HR manager because human resources can help the organization monitor
its progress toward achieving its stated goals and objectives in the strategic plan. Much of the

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strategic plan is likely to rely on the cooperation and support of employees and individual
departments or functions within the organization.
A human resource manager has two basic functions: overseeing department functions and
managing employees. That's why human resources managers must be well-versed in each of the
human resources disciplines – compensation and benefits, training and development, employee
relations, and recruitment and selection. Core competencies for HR management include solid
communication skills, and decision-making capabilities based on analytical skills and critical
thought processes.
Helps Evaluate HR Policies
The premise of strategic HRM is that the company's policies and procedures related to
employees should fit into the organization's broader strategic plan. Developing these links
between HR and strategy has the distinct advantage of helping the organization to evaluate its
current HR policies and to replace outdated or inefficient policies with ones that promote a better
workplace environment and employee relations.
Team-builiding
Strategic HRM also helps to foster a sense of team spirit and camaraderie within the
organization. A company's strategic vision will ideally rely on input from a broad range of
stakeholders including managers, employees, customers and investors.
Helps Monitor Progress
While the strategic vision of the company can influence the creation and evaluation of
HR policies, the reverse can also be true. Human resources can help the organization monitor its
progress toward achieving its stated goals and objectives in the strategic plan.

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Keeps the Organization Legal
A final advantage of the human resource management strategy is in keeping the
organization compliant with laws relating to employees, salary, insurance and the like.
Assessment 4
Part A
Walmart's Ethics Beliefs
Mentioned as one of the first items in the company's code of ethics, Walmart has three
basic principles: "respect for the individual," "service to the customer" and "striving for
excellence."
Guiding Principles
Walmart adheres to a number of guiding principles in its code of ethics that include
abiding by the law, reporting information about company practices honestly, acting in a manner
that exhibits integrity and consulting a manager or the Walmart Global Ethics Office about any
issues that arise with the question of ethics.

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Part B
1. Understand the nature of the conflict. ...
2. Encourage employees to work it out themselves. ...
3. Nip it in the bud quickly. ...
4. Listen to both sides. ...

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5. Determine the real issue, together. ...
6. Consult your employee handbook. ...
7. Find a solution. ...
8. Write it up.
1. Multiple Perspectives decisions can be a positive because they allow all individuals to give
their opinion based on their unique knowledge. Have different perspectives on one issue gives
you a better scope for determining the correct solution.
2. Increase Understanding and Knowledge decision making has the ability to enhance collective
understanding and ensure that everyone has a voice that is listened to.
3. Commitment Growth for Teams People are more willing to commit when they are a part of a
larger group and will develop a sense of pride and accomplishment for being a vital part of a
group. Decision making is ideal when the opinions of all are necessary to making the correct
choice on any topic.
Democratic or Participative: A blend of the task-oriented and people-oriented leadership
styles.
1. Start by managing yourself – Don't you just hate it when you have to deal with that
difficult person at work? ...
2. Engage in a “difficult conversation” – When trust breaks down, often communication
does as well. ...
3. Demonstrate trust through your actions – Trust can take time to re-establish.

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 Prioritizing Risks Across the Organization
 Communication Is Key
 The Risk Manager Strategy

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Assessment on the Usage of Insulated Concrete Forms in United Arab Emirates Construction
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Ball, M., 2014. Rebuilding Construction (Routledge Revivals): Economic Change in the
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