Leadership styles, more often than not, align with the personality type of individual leaders. The essay discusses various leadership styles and comparisons along with critical analysis of the same.
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LEADERSHIP IN BUSINESS1 Introduction Leadership styles, more often than not, align with the personality type of individual leaders.As mentioned byAntonakis & Day (2017), leadership is the ability of an individual or a group to guide or influence subordinates or others members of a team or organization. However, appropriate techniques that are best suited for the business environment may be acquired through consistent deliberation and striving to meet the demands of a specific business setting. The various leadership styles may include transformative, autocratic, participatory, laissez-faire and transactionalamongothers.Incertaininstances,thatmayevenmanagetobringabout transformational changes among subordinates of the leader. On the other hand, it also comprises of dictatorial leadership techniques that may only require the strict following of instructions or leadership style that effectively calibrates performance in lieu of attractive incentives. The essay discusses various leadership styles and comparisons along with critical analysis of the same.
LEADERSHIP IN BUSINESS2 Discussion Leadership styles are focused on attaining the objectives or goals of the business through diverse techniques. It leads to the achievement of specific organisational goals under the guidance of a particular person-in-charge. As stated by Romager et al. (2017), the description of leadership entails alignment of individuals into a cohesive unit that functions efficiently to achieve a common objective. In the business context, effective leadership style leads to reaping of higher profits that result in driving up the value and positively impacts the bottom line of the business. Different leadership styles Thevariousleadershipstylesincludeautocratic,laissez-faire,transformative, participative and transactional among others. As discussed by Anderson & Sun (2017), the autocratic leadership style is based on the principle of control and subordinates are expected to adhere to only the specific orders given.On receiving the instructions, subordinates are expected to undertake prompt execution. It is suitable in a business setting that requires optimum output andthejobismostlyrepetitive.Laissez-faireleadershipstyleallowsleastsupervisorial intervention and usually leads to members function to their strengths and own motivation. Figure 1: Different leadership styles Participant
LEADERSHIP IN BUSINESS3 (Source: Romager et al., 2017) As explained by DuBois et al. (2015), transformative leadership encompasses an all- around approach that involves the leader in taking cognizance of the big picture and be motivating and charismatic. It inspires employees for innovative thinking and leads them to meet the organizational objectives by harnessing their capabilities. As mentioned by Vann et al. (2014),participativeleadershipstyleinvolvesacollaborativeapproachandtakesunder consideration employee inputs. Hence, team members also have a contribution to the decision- making process. This approach is usually effective for long term-projects and it allows for thorough deliberation. Transactional leadership style focuses on work and reward system wherein incentive is rewarded for better performance and poor performance is penalized. As observed by Renko et al. (2015), it proves to be effective in job roles that have well-tested processes which consistently met the objectives. Comparison and contrast between leadership styles The aforementioned leadership styles find the best application in a different business setting there is no one-size-fits-all formula. Autocratic leadership style demands the employees and team members will have to follow the orders strictly and inputs are rarely entertained. It is an absolute contrary position to laissez-faire and participative approach. As mentioned by Keskes (2014), laissez-faire approach is only workable when there is innate talent among the team and the existence of prior experience. However, participative style may hinder quick decision- making as with the consideration of inputs; the decision-making process is slowed down. It becomes unsuitable for businesses that require split-second decisions like trading on the floor of stock exchange. Moreover,asmentionedbyMcCleskey(2014),evenwiththeinherentlackof participation in the decision-making process in case of autocratic style, it is highly effective in a large-scale production scenario. As indicated by İşcan et al. (2014), transformative leadership, though deemed to appropriate for most business settings, it does not take into account details of everyday tasks that mainly impacts operational efficiency of an organization. Transactional leadership style lacks charisma and inspiration evident in transformational leadership but it
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LEADERSHIP IN BUSINESS4 regulates performance by way of financial incentive structure that ends up providing the results for the business.
LEADERSHIP IN BUSINESS5 Conclusion It is evident that different leadership styles are suitable for multiple business settings. Transformative leadership style is held to be conducive for most business scenarios but as it does not focus on the details of the everyday processes, it requires dedicated subordinated personnel to manage day-to-day administrative processes. Autocratic leadership style fails to engender long-term commitments from employees. It is unsuitable for roles that need creativity. Laissez- faire allows the scope of creativity but it lacks the structure or rigor that is necessary for the context of a business setting.
LEADERSHIP IN BUSINESS6 References Anderson, M. H., & Sun, P. Y. (2017). Reviewing leadership styles: Overlaps and the need for a new ‘full‐range’theory.International Journal of Management Reviews,19(1), 76-96. Antonakis, J., & Day, D. V. (Eds.). (2017).The nature of leadership. Sage publications. DuBois, M., Koch, J., Hanlon, J., Nyatuga, B., & Kerr, N. (2015). Leadership Styles of Effective Project Managers: Techniques and Traits to Lead High Performance Teams.Journal of Economic Development, Management, IT, Finance & Marketing,7(1). İşcan, Ö. F., Ersarı, G., & Naktiyok, A. (2014). Effect of leadership style on perceived organizationalperformanceandinnovation:theroleoftransformationalleadership beyondtheimpactoftransactionalleadership–anapplicationamongTurkish SME's.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,150, 881-889. Keskes,I.(2014).Relationshipbetweenleadershipstylesanddimensionsofemployee organizationalcommitment:Acriticalreviewanddiscussionoffuture directions.Intangible Capital,10(1). McCleskey,J.A.(2014).Situational,transformational,andtransactionalleadershipand leadership development.Journal of Business Studies Quarterly,5(4), 117. Renko, M., El Tarabishy, A., Carsrud, A. L., & Brännback, M. (2015). Understanding and measuringentrepreneurialleadershipstyle.JournalofSmallBusiness Management,53(1), 54-74. Romager, J., Hughes, K., Trimble, J., Verburg, M., Camp, J., & Jones, M. (2017). Influences of Authentic Leadership Styles and Challenges to Enduring Pervasive Leadership Models. Vann, B. A., Coleman, A. N., & Simpson, J. A. (2014). Development of the Vannsimpco Leadership Survey: A delineation of hybrid leadership styles.Swiss Business School Journal of Applied Business Research,3, 28-38. Yahaya, R., & Ebrahim, F. (2016). Leadership styles and organizational commitment: literature review.Journal of Management Development,35(2), 190-216.