Leadership in Toyota Assignment

LEADERSHIP

INTRODUCTION
Leadership can be described as art that encourage individuals or group of people to
achieve the common goal. (Northouse, 2018). It involves showing the employees how to perform
their job effectively. Toyota is Japanese international automotive producer which is
headquartered in Aichi, Japan. It was established on 28th august 1937 and the founder of the
company was Kilichiro Toyoda. The report will include the duty of leader as well as managers
and the role of motivation ways of motivating individuals in the organization and also provides
the theory of motivations. Further,it will also cover how networking, building relationships and
important activity for encouraging employees.
TASK
1. Roles of leaders and role of Managers
The duty of leaders as well as directors are very important in the administration which
assists in achieving the purpose of the business organization effectively.
Role of Leaders:- The representatives of the administration are leaders and always present
themselves in front of all employees and other top management in meetings and social
gatherings. By this way they coordinate and communicate with all level of workers (Priest and
Gass, 2017). They are familiar by the capacity for helping others with clear communication and
maintain the legacy of the company's vision. Motivation is the one of the most essential role of a
leader.
Role of Managers:-Managers initiate and examines new task for improvements in the
performance of the organization. Managers needs to envision the organization. Envisioning is
one of the role of leader. A management have to envision the organization in the future which
means set a target that what will the organization become in next 5 years or ten years?
Envisioning can be defines as a dream or imagination of future of the company(Komives, 2016).
A manager always support employees for guiding and directing them while performing specific
task. Toyota is the place where the mangers encourage the employees by giving rewards and
incentives to work effectively in the administration. (Lussier and Achua, 2015).
Differences:-
LEADERS MANAGERS
Light-bearers. Representatives.

LEADERS MANAGERS
Providing guidance and motivation.
They have followers.
They treat their juniors as fellow team mates.
They motivate employees to accept change.
Decision Makers.
Provides direction.
They have workers.
They treat juniors as subordinates.
Their purpose is to implement changes.
Decision Implementors.
Similarities:-
The basic objective of both leaders and managers is to supervise individual or a group of
individuals and to give results to the authorities for work performed by the employees. Both use
communication as an effective strategy in order to deal with employees or juniors and try to
increase and improve productivity of the company or an organization(Bhat, 2015)
Management can be defined as process of designing, maintaining surroundings for the
employees in order to perform well the given task. Managers set objectives and guide people so
that they can work better. Whereas the leadership refers to the ability of an individual to
influence and guide followers or the members of the firm towards achieving a common goal.
Function of leader and Managers in Toyota
Leaders are the strategist in Toyota, they formulate strategies so that company can
perform better (Renz and Herman, 2016). They emphases on actual need of business and its
objective, accordingly to this they frame strategies so that overall goal of the firm can be met.
Leaders of Toyota works as communicator, they always ensure that all team members work
together and communicate with each other significantly. Leaders of Toyota ensure that people
get every information about working process. This supports in making them loyal and make
them more productive towards the organization (Herzberg, 2017).
Leaders of Toyota plays the role of innovator, they always find innovative ideas through
which work can be done more effectively and productivity can be raised. They don’t like to
follow monotonous process, they find new ideas and try to implement these ideas for the benefit
of business unit(Conger, 2015). it results to effective performance of the employees.

Managers works as trainer in the organization, they give training to staff members so that they
can perform their duties in Toyota effectively. It helps them in minimizing their mistakes and
performing well (Lussier and Achua, 2015).
Managers of Toyota emphases on problem faced by business and find out rout cause of that
issues. According to problem they find new strategies through which business can overcome that
problem effectively. They have to work as monitor, they monitor working of all employees and
ensure that they work according to industry standards (Northouse, 2018). Managers in Toyota
play the role of controller, they continuously monitor the task and control over entire process.
That is the reason that Toyota has become able to control over wastage and become able to
minimize operational cost. Managers evaluate operational performance and make changes in
existing plan accordingly so that entity can improve its product quality in order to meet the needs
of the customers(Antonakis and Day, 2017)
2. Role of motivation and ways to motivate employees
Motivation is very significant part for every administration like for profit as well as for
non profit organization which refers to process for enhancing the employees to work in a desired
manner in order to accomplish the objectives(Higgs and Dulewicz, 2016) The following are the
roles of motivation as under:-
Increase productivity:- Motivation refers to the process for increasing the productivity of the
staffs. It helps in developing the desire of the staff to work with their best abilities. The Best
employee will put more efforts for the organization in order to accomplish the purpose in
effective manner.
Ensures efficiency:- Essential role of motivation in the company helps in changing behavior of
the worker and this favorable attitude will allow the TOYOTA company for becoming successful
that will result to increased productivity and overall efficiency of the company. (Herzberg,
2017).
Ensures loyal manpower:- To make the employees strong to deal with the changing
environment the administration need to make employees loyal and devoted towards the work.
This will help Toyota company in reducing resistance and at the same time will make the
company efficient to easily adapt the changes(Lussier and Achua, 2015).
Facilitates direction:- Giving direction to the employees is very important for every
organization. Direction motivates or initiates the employees in order to work with devotion and

loyalty for the administration. Proper direction provided by the managers will make the
employees of Toyota company motivated towards the workforce(Ryan and Deci, 2017).
Ensures liable manpower:- Adapting changing environment in the business is very important
for making the business successful. Direction refers to the process for initiating action as per the
plan made which needs that the staff should work sincerely with sincerity and loyalty( Hyde. and
et.al., 2017)
Mode of motivating staffs
For enhancing employees the managers requires creativity and understanding in respect
to those areas where the performance of the employee surpasses as compared to the company's
expectations. Managers need to motivate the workers by addressing their problems and
understanding the needs and at the same time to suggest the employees where the improvement
is required that will help the employees to achieve the objectives in an effective and efficient
manner(Khaddouma and et.al., 2015) There are ways that will help TOYOTA company to
motivate the employees to work as per the predetermined objectives:-
Be courteous and encouraging director:- Good management leads to motivation for the
employees. In order to become a great manager the things like support, courtesy, clear
communication as well as honesty is very important that will encourage employees towards the
goal which will result to effective employee management of TOYOTA company(Lussier and
Achua, 2015)
Giving rewards:- Not every organization gives the immediate rewards to the workers but
offering incentives will help Toyota in defining the goals as well as to persuade the employees to
achieve the purpose. So the Toyota company need to fix the clear goals in order to provide the
incentives and at the same time the goals need to be achievable and the incentives must be as per
the opinions of the employees. The company can make use of bonuses also to motivate the
employees which will result to more sales and customer satisfaction(Healy, 2016).
Cultivate enthusiasm:- Another way to persuade the workers is to promote the enthusiastic as
well as positive culture and environment which will motivate the employees like clear
communication channels, providing training and giving the recognition for doing hard work that
will give the employee a positive attitude towards the goal(Seabrooke and et.al., 2019)
Giving opportunities:- Another way to encourage is to give the workers opportunities or
responsibility and to know about what makes them motivate. Appreciating work of the

employees and trusting them can change the whole attitude towards TOYOTA company and will
also help in the succession planning. So the company need provide opportunities and incentives
for growth which will result to more employee involvement in work(Acevedo, 2018)
Listening ideas of employee:- In order to inspire or motivate the employee TOYOTA company
need to listen ideas as well as recommendations from the employee that will not only build the
relationships between employee and managers but also will encourage the employees to work
effectively(Lussier and Achua, 2015).
Involvement of workers: This is also great way for the managers to motivate workers, by
involving the employees in company's decision making can encourage its workers and can make
them positive in the firm that will result to effective employee(Oji and et.al., 2017)
Illustration 1: How to motivate high performing
employees?
(Source: Hoe to motivate high performing
employees, 2018)

Role of recognition and communication for motivating others
Recognition refers to the acknowledgment of individual efforts, behavior as well as
performance which helps to motivate workers in order to repeat the better performance which
results to achieving the organizational values (Huston, 2015). So employee recognition is very
important to understand by the managers of TOYOTA company. The role of recognition will
result to enhancement among workers of the company in the following ways that are:-
1.Recognition encourages employees to work with dedication that can increase loyalty, morale
among employees(Lussier and Achua, 2015).
2. Acknowledgment builds greater communication channels among the manager and workers as
well as increases motivation because sharing of innovative ideas and experiences will be more
with the managers and employee. Employees will feel comfortable to share any problem with the
managers that will result to encouragement and maintaining effective relationships among all the
employees as well as managers(D'Souza and Gurin, 2016. ).
3. Recognition increases the employee involvement more and lowers stress as well as frustration
that encourages employees and gives higher job satisfaction.
4. Acknowledgment will make feel the employees appreciated that will make the employee feel
positive in respect to workplace and then will results to good recommendations by the workers
about the organization to others (Lussier and Achua, 2015).
Success of the business results from efficient employees so it is very important for the
organization to motivate the employees by acknowledging them. Recognition is the important
weapon for motivation because when managers recognizes the employees that increases the
value for them. A recognized employee will work in the enterprise with more passion, creativity
and faithfulness that will create more chances to stay for longer period as well as to handle the
problems effectively.(Liu and et.al., 2018)
Whereas communication also plays an essential role in encouraging the employees in the
organization for the success of the business. A manger should communicate with their employees
regarding any improvement in their work and enhancing employees to share their ideas with
them that can motivate and satisfy employees. Encouraging effective communication will result
in increasing motivation among workers of TOYOTA company in following ways:-

Information distribution:- organization must provide the information to the employees which
is essential like change in business plan and purpose because accurate information will result to
increased morale and respect among employees(Priest and Gass, 2017).
Relationships:- It is very important to have effective communication and relationships among
the workers, departments as well as managers. Clear communication helps to enhance and to
strengthen the relationships that results to maximum productivity and employee motivation in
order to achieve the organizational objectives effectively. (Riaz, Akhtar and Aslam, 2018)
Decision making:- Making active decisions refers to effective and strong communication within
the organization. Clear communication helps employees to share their ideas as well as
suggestions and at the same time Involvement of employees actively in decision making which
results to company's success. (Indriyani, 2017)
Improvement:- Proper communication among the managers, staff members and other
departments is very important in order to create programs for training will result to improvement
of employees ability and encouragement among employees for succeeding. (Lussier and Achua,
2015)
Maslow's motivation theory
Abraham Maslow's theoryis most popular which is based on human needs. As per
Maslow motivation comes after satisfying the five basic human needs that is psychological,
esteem, self- realization, safety as well as security needs. As per this theory the needs can be
developed through internal pressure which can determine the behavior of the person. These
needs stated by Maslow will help TOYOTA company to encourage them (Maslow's Hierarchy
of NeedsTheory, 2017).
Psychological needs:- These needs are basic psychological needs which every human being
needs for surviving that are air, food, shelter, cloth and water. The mangers of the TOYOTA
company need to satisfy all these needs by facilitating with comfortable working environment,
working timings and proper intervals for lunch, at the same time by providing economic rewards
that can motivate employees to work effectively.
Safety and security needs:- These are the needs that comes after satisfying the psychological
needs. It includes good protection for health and financial and personal security from physical
dangers. In order to satisfy these needs the managers of TOYOTA company is required to

provide the employees with safe working environment, job security in order to fulfill the needs.
(Lussier and Achua, 2015).
Social needs:- It refers to that need which includes the feeling of love as well as belonging. It is
very important for all human beings for not getting intro depression, loneliness and isolated.
Friends, family all do work in order to satisfy the social needs. For fulfilling social needs the
mangers of TOYOTA company are required to ensure that all employees know each other well
and encouraging teamwork will result in motivating and promoting better work in the company.
Esteem needs:- These needs refers to self respect as well as self esteem. To get the self respect
is more important rather than getting respect from others. For satisfying esteem needs the
managers of Toyota company need to encourage the staffs by offering recognition and
appreciation to the employees for doing well and also by giving the promotions and
responsibility which will result to fulfillment of the needs (Bhat, 2015)
Self-actualization needs:- It defines the individual needs in order to reach its potential. To
become capable which totally depends on the individual personally. In order to fulfill these needs
the mangers of the TOYOTA company need to involve employees for making decisions and
giving the challenging work that will encourage the employees in accomplishing the objectives
effectively (Lussier and Achua, 2015).
Illustration 2: Maslow's theory of
motivation
(Source: Maslow’s Need Hierarchy Theory of Motivation, 2018)

3. Networking and building relationships an important managerial activity in the organization
Networking is a very essential managerial activity in the administration because
responsibilities are more today that need to be handled. So the managers and employees need to
have strong networking with each other in the organization in order build strong relationships
professionally as well as personally for the long term. (Bowen, Marchesi and Kensinger, 2019)
Strong networking will help the organization to grow and develop. The importance of
networking that benefit TOYOTA company in the following ways :-
Information sharing can be easily done with networking because strong networking in the
organization provides opportunities for asking questions as well as for receiving feedback which
results to increase in knowledge expansion and ability. It assist TOYOTA company to develop
new relationships which creates high self respect.(Acevedo, 2018)
Connections: Wide networking gives benefit to TOYOTA for sharing more information and
also provides more opportunities for the growth and development for the organization. it also
helps in maintaining relationship among employees and managers for the long term.
Promotion large networking assists the TOYOTA company for moving forward as well as to
attract new employees in the organization. Word of mouth will also helps in spreading good
message about the company which results to growth and advancement of the organization.
(Silva, Redondo and Cárdenas, 2018).
Credibility networking helps TOYOTA company in improving reputation because the company
shares valuable ideas, resources as well as information that supports and helps every employee in
the organization that results to increased credibility(Lussier and Achua, 2015).
Building relationships is also an important managerial activity for TOYOTA company
that helped the company in making healthy relationships and made working environment
positive. (Yang, 2017). The company have common policies for all the employees that has
helped to increase loyalty and trust among employees.. It has helped in reducing unnecessary
conflicts, stress and misunderstanding. Employees feel free to communicate with the managers
which have resulted to increase in efficiency among employees. (Acevedo, 2018).
Building relationship plays significant role in managerial activity in the firm, as by this
way managers can communicate information to staff easily which results to reduced conflicts
among employees and managers that motivates employees to accomplish goal of the firm.

CONCLUSION
From the above report it is concluded about with the duties of directors and leaders in the
organization which holds a significant place in the administration. Leaders are representative of
the administration whereas management role are decisions roles and providing guidance and
motivation to the employees. This report has been summarized about the role of motivation
which includes the increase productivity, ensures efficiency, ensures loyalty of employees,
facility direction and provides the ways of motivation in which setting up smart goals, giving
them opportunity, provides rewards and listening the idea of employees are considers along with
the motivation theory of Maslow. Further the report included analysis of networking and
building relationship and its importance for motivating employees in the organization.

REFERENCES
Books and journals
Acevedo, A., 2018. A personalistic appraisal of Maslow’s needs theory of motivation: From
“humanistic” psychology to integral humanism. Journal of Business Ethics.148(4). pp.741-
763.
Antonakis, J. and Day, D.V. eds., 2017. The nature of leadership. Sage publications.
Bhat, C.H., 2015. Job motivation in high-tech knowledge work-the unintended detrimental role
of management.
Bowen, H., Marchesi, M. and Kensinger, E., 2019. Reward Motivation Influences Response
Bias on a Recognition Memory Task.
Conger, J., 2015. Charismatic leadership. Wiley encyclopedia of management, pp.1-2.
D'Souza, J. and Gurin, M., 2016. The universal significance of Maslow’s concept of self-
actualization. The Humanistic Psychologist.44(2). p.210.
Healy, K., 2016. A Theory of Human Motivation by Abraham H. Maslow (1942). The British
Journal of Psychiatry.208(4).pp.313-313.
Herzberg, F., 2017. Motivation to work. Routledge.
Higgs, M. and Dulewicz, V., 2016. Developments in leadership thinking. In Leading with
emotional intelligence (pp. 75-103). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.
Huston, A.C., 2015. ON “THE ROLE OF PARENTS IN THE ONTOGENY OF
ACHIEVEMENT‐RELATED MOTIVATION AND BEHAVIORAL
CHOICES”. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development.80(2). pp.152-
157.
Hyde, J.S. and et.al., 2017. The role of mothers' communication in promoting motivation for
math and science course‐taking in high school. Journal of Research on Adolescence.27(1).
pp.49-64.
Indriyani, A.U., 2017. Effect of Compensation and Benefit to Employee Engagement through
Organisation Brand in Indonesia’s Startup Company. Jurnal Manajemen Teori dan
Terapan| Journal of Theory and Applied Management.10(1).pp.83-92.

Khaddouma, A. and et.al., 2015. Relationships among spousal communication, self-efficacy,
and motivation among expectant Latino fathers who smoke. Health
Psychology.34(10).p.1038.
Komives, S.R., 2016. Leadership for a better world: Understanding the social change model of
leadership development. John Wiley & Sons.
Liu, N.L and et.al., 2018. Sheep farmers’ attitudes to farm inspections and the role of sanctions
and rewards as motivation to reduce the prevalence of lameness. Animal Welfare
Journal.27(1). pp.67-79.
Lussier, R.N. and Achua, C.F., 2015. Leadership: Theory, application, & skill development.
Nelson Education.
Northouse, P.G., 2018. Leadership: Theory and practice. Sage publications.
Oji, A. and et.al., 2017. Role of motivation for behavior change in treatment retention amongst
a group of illicit drug users: A study from Iran. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and
Behavioral Sciences.11(2).
Priest, S. and Gass, M., 2017. Effective Leadership in Adventure Programming, 3E. Human
Kinetics.
Renz, D.O. and Herman, R.D. eds., 2016. The Jossey-Bass handbook of nonprofit leadership
and management. John Wiley & Sons.
Riaz, H., Akhtar, C. and Aslam, R., 2018. Total Rewards and Employee Performance:
Investigating the Mediating Role of Employee Motivation in Telecom Sector. Pakistan
Administrative Review.2(3).pp.342-356.
Ryan, R.M. and Deci, E.L., 2017. Self-determination theory: Basic psychological needs in
motivation, development, and wellness. Guilford Publications.
Seabrooke, T. and et.al., 2019. Selective effects of errorful generation on recognition memory:
the role of motivation and surprise. Memory, pp.1-13.
Silva, W.F., Redondo, R.P. and Cárdenas, M.J., 2018. Intrinsic Motivation and its Association
with Cognitive, Actitudinal and Previous Knowledge Processes in Engineering Students.
Yang, F.X., 2017. Effects of restaurant satisfaction and knowledge sharing motivation on
eWOM intentions: the moderating role of technology acceptance factors. Journal of
Hospitality & Tourism Research.41(1). pp.93-127.
Online

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory. 2017.
[online].Available.through.<https://study.com/academy/lesson/the-needs-theory-
motivating-employees-with-maslows-hierarchy-of-needs.html>.