Leadership and Management in Different Organisational Context - Desklib

This report covers leadership and management theories and principles as well as their impact on the effectiveness of an organisation. It highlights the influence of different leadership and management styles on the culture of organisations. It defines a motivated strategy to optimise organisational performance. It demonstrates leadership and management approaches to managing performance to ensure continuous improvement.

Leadership and
Management in different
organisational context

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAINBODY....................................................................................................................................2
P1 Discuss different theories of leadership in relation to the management activities in different
organisation............................................................................................................................2
P2. Explore various theories of management in relation to the management and leadership
activities in different organisations........................................................................................2
M1. Analyse the impact of the applications of leadership and management theories on the
effectiveness of a large company...........................................................................................2
P3. Assess different leadership and management style and their application in a range of
business situation in different organisation............................................................................2
P4. Examine the factors that influence the development of the culture in organisation........2
M2. Compare the impact of leadership and management styles on decision making in different
organisations...........................................................................................................................2
M3. Evaluate the importance of organisational culture on the performance of different
organisations...........................................................................................................................2
D1. Critically evaluate the impact of different approaches to leadership and management. .2
P5. Produce a motivational strategy for an organisation that supports optimal achievement of
organisational objectives........................................................................................................2
M4. Produce a detailed motivational strategy for an organisation that addresses intrinsic and
extrinsic motivation................................................................................................................2
D2. Produce a comprehensive motivational strategy that effectively addresses all variables of
motivation to enhance organisational performance................................................................2
P6. Apply to a range of business situation appropriate leadership and management approaches
for managing performance and continuous improvement......................................................2
M5. Assess how leadership and management approaches for managing performance supports
continuous improvement........................................................................................................2
D3. Make recommendations to improve performance management that will ensure continuous
improvement...........................................................................................................................2
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................4

REFERENCES................................................................................................................................5

INTRODUCTION
Management and leadership are two important aspects in an organisation which foster the
growth and development od company. Management includes various functions such as planning.
organising, managing, staffing, directing as well as controlling (Adams and Velarde, 2018).
whereas leadership has been termed as ability of a person to guide, motivate along with support
employees and other in order to contribute towards the achievement of organisation goals.
This report covers leadership and management theories and principle as well as their impact
on the effectiveness of an organisation. Further it highlights the influence of different leadership
and management styles on the culture of organisations. Along with it defines a motivated
strategy to optimise organisational performance. At last it demonstrates leadership and
management approaches to managing performance to ensure continuous improvement.
MAINBODY
P1 Discuss different theories of leadership in relation to the management activities in different
organisation
There are various leadership theories which the leaders of different organisation apply
while performing their task such as behavioural theory, contingency theory, power and influence
theory and trait theory. For example, In Bentley, there is trait leadership theories which states
the qualities and traits of leaders and their effective manner. such as their empathy with
employees in order to encourage them to perform their task with full potential as well as their
decision making skills in order to complete a task within given time or resources (Adams, 2018).
The management activities are referring to the planning, organising, staffing, guiding,
monitoring and controlling the performance of employees or a team so they work towards the
achievement of common goal.
In other organisations, for example, Premier Inn, there is behavioural leadership theory
which define how leader behave and act within the organisation in order to support, motivate and
engage team members to increase their productivity for the future growth of the company. It has
been determining that there are three types of leadership style which clearly define the behaviour
of leaders like democratic, autocratic and laissez Faire ( Ali and Anwar, 2021). These enable the
leader of the firm to manage all the activities related to the management as well as allow them to
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use different style in their organisation as per different situation to increase the effectiveness of
the firm. Such as during the time of urgency they use autocratic style to take decision fast in
order to achieve the target on time without involving the employees’ wo has less knowledge
related to the specific task. whereas, they use Democratic style in some task where employees
have innovative ideas by allowing them for planning and decision making related to a particular
task to make their product and services different for gaining competitive advantage.
Moreover, In Tesco, there is power and influence leadership theory in which leaders
use their power and various other techniques to influence the mid set of employees so they work
with their full efficiency as well as corporate with each other in order to bring something
innovative for future success. By giving incentives, and making better contract with them they
getting things done which foster the overall growth of company.
P2. Explore various theories of management in relation to the management and leadership
activities in different organisations
Management theories can be understood as the collections of innovative ideas which
suggested general rules in order to manage and lead the business activities. It demonstrates that
how leaders and employers apply strategies to meet the organisational objectives along with
motivate whole workforce to perform their job role at their highest ability. The various
management theories are scientific management theory, human relation management theory,
principle of administrative management theory, systematic management theory and many more.
In Premier Inn, the management use principle of administrative management theory as they
use some principle among all 14 principles such as equity, unity od direction, division of work,
authority and responsibility, centralisation and so for the systematic flow of working in
organisation to offer better quality services to customers for increasing customer base and
profitability (Bush, 2020).
In Bentley, the management and leaders use scientific management theory as they know
the strengths and weaknesses of the team members to assign the duty to them according to their
ability. In order to achieve highest workplace efficiency by determining the best manner to
complete the task to increase overall productivity of company. In this theory there are five
functions such as forecast, plan, coordinate, command along with control which enable the
leaders to organise addition to interact with their team members. Moreover, they also provide
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training to employees to increase their skills, cooperation and team work along employees and
employers to better organisation culture.
In Tesco, the leaders and management use system management theory, in which leaders
and supervisors observe along with evaluate past events and patterns of their organisation in
order to use most effective management strategy. the employees are most essential elements of
department, business units and company as they work together for the achievement of company
objectives. Systematic management theory enables the manager and leaders to arrange the
business activities and employees in most appropriate manner as well as right place for gaining
competitive edge over competitors (Bush, Bell and Middlewood, 2019). By this management
system they solved various issues at right time to reduce the impact of it on future development
and performance.
M1. Analyse the impact of the applications of leadership and management theories on the
effectiveness of a large company
The leadership and management theories has great impact on the organisation
performance, culture and profitability. It has been seen that good leadership influences
organisation culture highly by this leader can restructure or implement values within their firm
by assisting employees to develop and grow through recognition, opportunities and goal setting.
For example, in Premier Inn, theories of leadership define why and how particular person
become a good leader. The scientific management theory enables the manager to increase the
morale, ability and team working of employees for the accomplish the company goals to increase
profitability and productivity (Çakıroğlu, Caetano and Costa, 2021). it helps them to make
effective decisions to solve various impactful issues along with adopt necessary changes for the
betterment of staff members and company. By using perfect leadership style the leaders can
influence and engage employees in the organisational activities which automatically create better
culture and retain the talented employee in the company for long run to increase the market share
in global market.
P3. Assess different leadership and management style and their application in a range of business
situation in different organisation
There are various leadership and management style which the manager or leader of the firms
apply for the efficient working in their organisation. The most common leadership style is The
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various leadership styles are autocratic, democratic, participative, transformational, delegative
and many more which the leaders use as per the different situation. The management style
bureaucratic, laissez faire and transactional management style (Canady, 2020).
For example, in Premiere Inn during the seasonal time or peak time the leaders and
management use autocratic and bureaucratic style in order to take decision fast without wasting
time or resources for grabbing the opportunity to increase their brand value and customer base.
During the non seasonal time they use participative and laissez faire style by allowing the
employees to take participation in the future planning related to the new invention and expansion
strategy. By this they encourage work force to think creative and generate new ideas for
introducing new innovation in market which also provide better opportunity to them for their
personal development.
Whereas, in Tesco the management use transactional or transformational style to bring
changes in their organisation system and culture so the employees feel to be valued along with
motivated and put their best efforts to increase the overall productivity of company.
Transforming leadership style Allow leaders to change their action and behaviour to fulfil the
needs of employees in order to make better connection with them to working as a team to meet
the aim of company effectively. It helps the management to bring harmony in their company as
well as in all department so they work systematically to save cost, time and resources for
productive purpose.
Moreover, in Bentley, employers and manager use mix of these style as per the complexity of
task is the project is important then they use autocratic style to monitor the quality of
performance of each employee strictly as well as evaluate their performance with pre-planned. if
they know the employees are expert and specialised in their area so they use delegative style by
distributing the power or responsibility to them so they lead the task and complete it in
innovation manner (Felfe and Elprana, 2022). If the management of All company unable to adopt
the right leadership and management style on right time or situation, then they faced various
issues among their working which leads to decline in the productivity and revenue of company.
It also has great impact on the employees’ performance and retention which indirectly effect the
market values or customer base of company.
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P4. Examine the factors that influence the development of the culture in organisation
Organisational culture refers to the values, morale, beliefs and ethic which dictate the action
addition to behaviour of employees towards the achievement of company goals. It plays major
role in motivating and engaging the employees to work with full potential for personal and
business development (Gryazeva-Dobshinskaya and Dmitrieva, 2018). The leaders of firm try
their best to make the culture of their organisation positive and favourable which motivate staff
member to perform in systematic manner. In many organisations, the management observe and
analyse various factors which effect the internal culture of their organisation that are as follows-
Mission and objectives of Premier Inn
It refers to the main goal of company such as people oriented, customer oriented and
company oriented. The mission of the Premier Inn is to offer high quality product and services at
affordable price in order to increase their living standard as well as positively influence on global
environment.
Purpose- To meet this mission, the Premier Inn, adopt the customer oriented purpose in
which they give more importance to the customers by increasing the quality of their hospitality
services along with the assign the task to employees by making a team of people who have same
interest area to complete the task efficiently (Gürlek and Çemberci, 2020). Sometimes the
employees feel pressure on them to complete the task within time limit. But in recent time, the
leaders notice that they have to change their culture from role culture to people culture so
employees feel freely to work without any burden which effect their mental and physical health
as well as force them to leave the job for better opportunity.
The mission and vision of Tesco
The mission and vision of Tesco is serving the customers, society, communities as well as
globe in order to make a better place. To provide better quality product and servicers it is
essential for leaders to conduct their practices and communicate in organisation effectively
Effective communication- It is the main factor which influence the overall organizational
culture of the company. It refers to the flow of communication and information among the whole
department of along with it also define the connection between employees and employers. In
Tesco, some leaders are good in communication as they interact better with employees in order
to know about their ability, strengths, problems and weaknesses which enable team members to
share their issues to get better' solution as well as give full focus on improving the performance
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or quality to provide best services to customers. People have different nature and beliefs some
managers did not communicate properly with employees of their department which leads to
miscommunication and delay in work as well decrease in productivity and performance.
The mission and objective of the Bentley
The mission of the Bentley is to increase the customer experience by providing innovative
services and features in their cars and automobiles.
The objective of the company is to increase the sales along with customer base to gain the
competitive advantage over competitors
Good management and leadership style- It is refers to the various style used by the
manager and leaders in the organisation to manage, control and lead whole workforce towards
the same direction to increase the customer base and brand value of company. In order to achieve
this Mission in Bentley, leaders use different style as per the situation which contribute in
fostering the growth of company. Dines they use autocratic to bring discipline in organisation as
well as sometimes they use democratic to motivate employees to increase their potential and
bring innovation to make their company successful.
Community- It refers to the background and culture of employees and all people who
work in an organisation. It has been seen that employees are come from different communities
and have different values which create disagreements, conflicts and difference among their point
of view for performing a task. It is the main reason of poor organization culture which impact the
sales and market value of company. In Premier Inn, there is huge workforce which have different
occupation, background and culture so the management must try to organise informal meeting
among all department so they get familiar to each other and work with unity to achieve the
objectives of company effectively.
M2. Compare the impact of leadership and management styles on decision making in different
organisations
In every organisation there is differ impact of leadership and management style which they
adopt on their decision making process. Such as in Bentley, the company use autocratic style in
crucial situation which enable them to take fast decision to make changes in their production
process, management system, technology, budget planning and Marketing mix (Harris and Jones,
2021). With this style they take decision fast which save their time and various uncertain threat
that had great impact on the profitability of company. Whereas, in Tesco they use
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transformational and transactional style in which they make changes time to time in their
organisation system, policies and culture. As the result of this sometimes, this create confusions
among the managers related to which strategy and approach is right for particular situation that
leads in decision making to grab the opportunity for growth. It also helps them to motivate and
generate interest among employees to work in different manner and learn something new for
better' future career addition to growth of company.
M3. Evaluate the importance of organisational culture on the performance of different
organisations
Organisational culture plays most important role in the growth of company as it decides the
employee’s behaviour and influenced their performance (Hassi, 2019). It has been analysing that
good or favourable culture which is adopted by the manager of Tesco motivates the employees to
give full focus on improving the quality of product and services. Whereas, in Bentley, the
management give more focus on customers’ needs instead of employees needs which leads to
decrease in morale and motivation among employees as well as many workers decided to leave
the job for better working place. Good culture allow management to influence employees to
work extra in crucial times as well as give more innovative ideas to expand their company in
new market or country. Culture decide the action and behaviour of employees or allow them to
make coordination with each other to complete the common task in systematic manner.
D1. Critically evaluate the impact of different approaches to leadership and management
The various approaches to management and leadership are behaviour, contingency and
traits approaches which allow leaders to perform their job role in effective manner. It has been
seen that if in an organisation there is behaviour approach then it defines the behaviour of leaders
towards employees or working. If they behave gently with them then the employees listen to
them and work accordingly to achieve the goal. If leaders did not listen and respect employees
then they leave the job which affect productivity (Jones, 2018).
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P5. Produce a motivational strategy for an organisation that supports optimal achievement of
organisational objectives
Motivation has been termed as the most important factor in an organisation which
encourage the employees to work in a company with their full potential. There is various method
to motivate the employees such as intrinsic and extrinsic which the management of Premier Inn
use to retain talent for long run.
Aim and objective of Premier Inn
The organisational objective of Premier Inn to increase customer base, market share and
brand value.
Motivational strategy
The most effective motivational strategy is reward system which increase the confidence
and competitive level among employees in order to get more rewards for getting better
opportunities in future (Marques and Gomes, 2020).
Maslow’s motivation Theory
To implement the reward strategy in the Premier Inn, the management can use Maslow
motivation theory in order to meet the different needs of employees that are as follows-
This theory state that there are five needs of employees which an organisation must fulfil
in order to motivate their employees for working at their full potential.
- It is related to the basic needs such as food, shelter, sleep, rest and many more.
Physiological needs The leaders of Premier fulfil this needs of employees by giving the lunch
beak to employees for rest, eating food, personal time and other benefits so they give full focus
to meet organisation goals.
Safety and Security needs- It refers to the financial security, personal safety and many
more so employees feel secure at the workplace. The manager of Premier Inn Must make an
effective insurance policy for employees’ safety as well as make sure that there is no
discrimination and misconduct with employees so they feel safe while performing the task.
Love and belonging needs- It is related to the connections, love, respect and to be valued
in organisation. The management of Premier Inn can motivate their staff members by allowing
them to make friends and strong bond with other employees along with work freely without any
stress.
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Esteem needs- It refers to the respect, appreciation and recognition to employees. It has
been seen that it helps the managers to encourage staff members by giving monetary and non-
monetary rewards to them for their better performance so they feel confident to take extra efforts
in order to bring innovation in company for the future success.
Self-actualization needs- It is related to the personal and professional growth to get better
opportunities in future. The manager of Premier Inn meets this needs by providing training to
employees so they become specialist in their field. It also develop inner interest of worker to
increase their efficiency to get promotion and better position in organisation for successful
career.
Motivational strategy has helped attain organisational objectives
It has been identified that employees are most valuable asset of the firm so the manager
must take care of their mental and physical condition.. In order to meet these objectives within
less time or resources management must use reward system for employees who perform better
so they feel to be motivated and try to increase their capabilities by participating more in
business activities and decision making (Podsakoff and Podsakoff, 2019). It also encourages the
employees who perform not good to learn new things and give more focus on their performance
in order to get rewards and recognition.
M4. Produce a detailed motivational strategy for an organisation that addresses intrinsic and
extrinsic motivation
By using reward system and organising seminars for employees which inform them about
their future possible development and chances for growth. The better feedback and behaviour of
manager develop intrinsic motivation among employees as they saw how their team mates gain
better opportunities by performing well. It builds the feeling among them to push their limits and
give more efforts to achieve the position of dream career. In Premier Inn, by supporting the
efforts of employees they provide Intrinsic motivation to them so they achieve their personal and
professional development goals (Rehman and Iqbal, 2020). By paying extra pay to those who
perform well and offer promotion to them in order to meet their self-actualisation needs they
provide extrinsic motivation to employees so they retain in firm for long time.
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D2. Produce a comprehensive motivational strategy that effectively addresses all variables of
motivation to enhance organisational performance
There are various variables of motivations such as appreciations, rewards, training,
knowledge transfer and job satisfaction which enable the employees to work with their full
ability to enhance organisational performance (Rofuth and Piepenbring, 2019). In Premier Inn
the management use monetary and non-monetary reward system in order to provide all
motivation variable to staff members to full fill their all needs.
P6. Apply to a range of business situation appropriate leadership and management approaches
for managing performance and continuous improvement
The best leadership and management approaches are participative leadership method
which the management of the Premier Inn must use in their practices to lead the large number of
employees and make improvement in their performance. such as by allow them to participate in
decisions making and planning of the task which they performing so they get confidence to work
efficiently (Scott and Klein, 2022).
Total Quality Management Technique
Addition to this by using key performance indicator as well as Total quality management
they measure the performance of employee time to time and give feedback to them about their
good or bad performance for increasing the quality along with productivity of their performance.
It has been seen that it enables the manager to know about the ability, strengths and weaknesses
of team members so they assign the task to them according to it which leads to achieving the
goals on time.
Importance
 Along with that they also provide solution, ideas and training to them so they do
not repeat the same mistakes again in future which increase their skills and
knowledge.
 It also enables the leaders of the firm to determine the needs of training for
employees for their continuous improvement and managing their performance in
future.
The different type of business situation
It has been identified that in Premier Inn, there are various issues in team like conflict due
to language barrier, communication gap which reduce quality, productivity and sales of
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company. Total quality management helps the manager to reduce communication gap,
management engagement along with leadership, increase customer satisfaction, continuous
improvement, team work, employee’s involvement, training and development. They use different
leadership style as per the situation such as participative leadership style for solving conflict
and assigning the task as per job role of employees. Autocratic leadership style for urgent work
as well as when employees have less knowledge about task. Transformation leadership style to
bring innovation and motivate employees so they adopt new method in their working.
By using qualitative measures, it has been seen that After applying this method, the
management are enable to increase the productivity, unity and team work in employees which
leads to increase in customer base and profitability of company.
M5. Assess how leadership and management approaches for managing performance supports
continuous improvement
Democratic and participative style of leadership and management helps the management to
interact better with their team members so they get better insight about the capacity, mind set,
behaviour of employees in order to use best strategy to motivate them for their continuous
improvement. Such during the time of implementing new machines or business policies in
Premier Inn the management use this approach to know about the thinking as well as knowledge
of employees related to it so they get clear outlook about the need of training and development in
employees for their better performance and continuous improvement (Smith and Green, 2018).
D3. Make recommendations to improve performance management that will ensure continuous
improvement
It has been recommended to the management of Premier Inn that they must use digital
technology to connect the employees and allow them to interact better with them (Tsui, 2021).
By organising informal meeting and allow them to share their ideas, view point related to
business policy and task so they feel motivated addition to perform the task with full potential.
they must provide training to them time to time so they upgrade their skill and learn advance
technology to working in well manner.
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CONCLUSION
As per above presented information, it has been concluded that leadership and management
are key aspects to manage and run an organisation in effective manner. There are multiple
leadership and management theories such as behavioural, traits, contingency, system
management, principle of administrative management theory and many more which is utilised by
the managers and leaders to conduct their practices in effective manner. It has been seen that it
enables them to connect the employees with working as well as each other which foster the
growth of the firm. There are various leadership and management style such as autocratic,
democratic, transaction, transformational and many more which enable leaders to work in
different situation effectively. Along with manage the whole workforce in such a manner that
they work together as team for increasing the profitability and productivity of the company.
There is various factor which affected the organisational culture such as community,
communication, purpose and so on. it has been seen that good organisation culture motivates the
whole workforce to put their best efforts in order to increase brand value of company. leaders use
various motivation strategy such as intrinsic and extrinsic to support and encourage staff
members to retain in company for long run. For the continuous improvement the leaders and
managers must make changes in their style according to the situation as well as provide training,
incentives and recognition to the workers so they feel motivated and pay more attention to
enhance their skills and ability for future success.
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