Leadership and Management Theories and their Impact on Organizational Performance: A Case Study of Sainsbury

This report discusses various theories of leadership and management and their impact on organizational performance. It assesses the significance of organizational culture on the performance of different businesses and examines the components that influence the development of culture in a company. The report includes a case study of Sainsbury, a UK-based retailer company, to analyze the application of leadership and management theories in a real-world scenario.

Leadership and
management

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................4
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................4
P1 Discuss various theories of leadership in relation to the management acivities in various
organisation. ...............................................................................................................................4
M1 Analyse the impact of application of leadership and management theories on the
effectiveness of a large organisation. .........................................................................................4
P2 Explore different theories of management in relations to the management and leadership
activities in different. .................................................................................................................4
P3 Assess various leadership and management style and their application in a range of
business conditions in different organisation. .........................................................................4
M3 evaluate the significance of organisational culture on the performance of different
business. .....................................................................................................................................4
D1 Critically evaluate the impact of different approaches to leadership and management. ......4
P4 Examine the components that influence the development of the culture in company. ........4
M3 Evaluate the importance of organisational culture on the performance of different
business. .....................................................................................................................................4
P5 produce a motivational strategy for an organisational that support optimal achievement
of organisational aims. ..............................................................................................................4
M4 produce a details motivational strategy for an organisational that addresses intrinsic
and extrinsic motivation. ...........................................................................................................5
D2 produce a comprehensive motivational strategy that effectively address all variables of
motivation to grow organisational performance. ......................................................................5
P6 Apply to a range of business situations, appropriate leadership and management
approaches for managing performance and continuos development. ........................................5
M5 assess how leadership and management approaches for managing performance supports
continuous development. ...........................................................................................................5
D3 Make recommendation to develop performance management that will ensure continuos
development. ..............................................................................................................................5
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................5

REFERENCES................................................................................................................................6

INTRODUCTION
Leadership and management are refereed as the important part of an effective and
efficient management and leadership behaviour which majorly concentrate on making the
surrounding where all employee grows and develops. They are used for setting the new
direction and usage of resources effectively for the achievement of business aims and goals. The
subsequent report will be made In relation Sainsbury which is UK based company , deals as a
retailer company in international market (Hallinger, 2019). It is second largest retail chain in
marketplace. The company was found in 1932. The report analyse the leading and direction
theory and main beliefs and their effect on the effectivity of the business firms. In addition the
pressure of various leading and direction styles on culture of organisation. The improvement of
the motivational scheme for optimal the public presentation of the endeavour. In the end the
request of management and direction approach for management of execution to create sure the
changeless better.
MAIN BODY
P1 Discuss various theories of leadership in relation to the management activities in various
organisation.
these theory refers to the merits of the good managers. management style is the mode by
which the best approaches for organization of the team members. These styles ere organised as
the effect of the studies on leadership theory and each and all style consist of different virtues.
They are decisions of how and what some individual become leaders. The theory concentrate
on the description and behaviour which particulars can choose for growing the leadership
quality skills. Powerful ethics and high ethical benchmarks, efficient learners are some qualities
which the leaders have . Different kinds of leadership theories which is listed in below
(.Hallinger, 2020):
 Behavioural theory - In this management theory concentration on behaviour of the
management and how the qualities cab be imitated by the leaders are not born
triumphant but can be created by learning the attitudes. The theory concentrate
enormously on the leader actions. It is observed and classified as styles of management.

Actions are the focal point this performance learning theory. The major reimbursement
of this theory is that best might learn the actions they want to execute for becoming the
mentors. In case of Sainsbury the company leader can learn the skills that they required
in the in attendance circumstances of covid where they needed management qualities for
controlling the reatil operations across all the stores analysis how they are impressively
functioning the commerce.
 Contingency theory - this theory is certain times called the situational theory . It seems
at the conditional impacts of the unsuccessful or achievement of the leader. efficiency of
the manager is ascertain by the conditional is the main factor. In reference which us
reason loss in commerce due to of the obligation of lock down. The situational is
implementation their choice as the situation is not their central whereas corporation
leaders are also seems same issues as the covid is also effecting the mentor choice and
their insinuation on the association actions.
 Great man theory – it is also refer as the trait theory that advices that good leaders are
natural and have eating quality and character which creates them great and cannot be
trained and experienced. It refers that leaders justify to be in their post as they strange
traits. In association activity even in pandemic traits where they are exploiting their
skills and traits which they posses in with the acquired resources who also have huge
quality and qualities which they are on big title are using their qualities in effectively
supervision the business activity all across the worldwide ( Hallinger and Kovačević,
2022.).
M1 Analyse the effect of theory of leadership and management theories on the efficiency of a
large organisation.
Leadership styles impacts the business in various manner which are listed in below :
 Employee morale : through using of Sainsbury leaders introduce clear distinction
towards the seniors and top organization. Management creates decision with operations
from employees absentees and retention.
 Productivity - using the leadership styles the managers occupied with the workers for
organising out the best modes for completing the business strategic goals. The mentors

determined that those occupational very close to causes have the appropriate insight for
process development tending to operational profits (Hewitt, and et.,al., 2021).
 Metrics - the leaders of Sainsbury sets the transparent course, goals communicate and
makes sure that junior assigns the objects to planned tactics. It leads to the long term
accountability and development.
P2 discover different theories of organization in relations to the organization and leadership
performance in different business .
Administration theory refers to the set of basic rules which guides the commerce
manager for directing the business association. They focus on the roles of supervise,
organizing and concert of units. theory are the justification for supporting the workers for
effectively linking up to the goals of the company and implementation of the effectual
means for attainments of objectives. These are majorly used in business when workers
are achievable then they are rewarded and when they fail they will be punished. Here
are some management theories justified in context to business organisation.
 Scientific running theory - develop by fedrick taylor this theory states that stress the
result but it suggest the generalization of tasks for growing the productiveness. As per
this study major inducement for operational is money so the development of concept ,
fair wages for fair operation was done. The results together among the works and
workers evolve in the framework that particulars now enjoy. In case of Sainsbury the
company uses this administration theory for managing the fair wages of its workers for
the work which creates It easy and simple for organization and leadership in smooth
function of the corporation whereas company uses this organization of the work
assigned to employees and as long as salary to them on time. It assist them in working as
a team for attaining company goal (Giustiniano, Cunha, Simpson, Rego, and Clegg,
2020.).
 System management theory - the theory offers a inferior approch for the designing and
organization factors which work melodiously so that huge system can perform efficiently.
The achievement of the business relies in various key factors just as synergy, freedom
and interconnection between different sections. In context of the company and another
key factors which are important for the achievement of the company analysed. The

seniors subordinates of the company evaluate the pattern and programs in the company
for analysis of best suited approach.
 Contingency management theory - the major idea of this hypothesis is that there is no
particular approach for organization which is suitable to all commerce organisation.
Sainsbury uses this practice for analysing this theory for implementing and analysis the
suitable formulation for the company management for which sets in the business for
effectual organization of concern.
P3 Assess various leadership and management style and their request in a range of commerce
circumstances in different government.
The leading style refers to best method and attitude during managing, attractive and
organization of another. The style of management is determined by the strategy and
implementation of the policies. Here are the different management and leadership style
used in commerce function.
 Autocratic leadership – they are also refereed as the strict leaders who have a clear sight
of the end aims and how to attain it. The business design advices and prospect for what,
when and how the performance must be ended. They are hopeful another to recognize
directions and enact on them. They are very concentrated on attainment of effective
outcomes by launching actions which they are in an interest of concern. It is most
effectual and reliable and also predictable in highly regulated industries just as building
and well being. Sainsbury used this approach in covid times when the business needed
quick actions. The leaders advices the workers and teams by clear suggestions which
were to be adapted by them.
 Democratic leadership - It is also known as participative leaders which leads to seek for
adding workers input earlier any choice making. Leaders might in attendance a issues and
then enquire for data and advices from the side before taking aby step. Here is goal is to
introduce to have a observation and conversation which motivates the constantan of
team. Sainsbury is company which follows this kind of style . They motivate the
employees for giving advice which grow the engagement , morale and includes them in
the decision making procedure by sharing details and transmission of conversation with
the workers.

 Transformational leadership - this is known as creative leaders as they are committed
to the cause of business goals and big goals. They set the aims for the upcoming goal
of the corporation. The dream is utilised for location expect which engage and motivate
employees. They encourage group member for moving out of comfort zone. The leaders
places high values on the future sighting of the business. It helps in growth of the
organisation. Business firm uses this come close to for growing the morals of employees
and preservation due to the workers feel associated to the business aims.
M2 appraise the significance of organisational society on the presentation of altered business.
Organisation having powerful culture encourages the positive, structure atmosphere helping the
attainment success. Here are some factors starting the importance of business culture.
 Enlarged appointment of workers – organisation having environment driven by reason
and obvious assumptions. It tends in interesting and incentive to workers for more
occupied performing operations.
 Reduce rate of worker turnover – if workers feel valued and respected in the business
are lower probable to go away the corporation. So it is significant for Sainsbury to foster
the trends which contribute the base values and aims. Workers who are satisfied will not
go away the business outcomes in reduced rate of workers income.
D1 Critically evaluate the impact of different approaches to leadership and management.
It is the one of the main significant in the company benfits. It has been analysed that efficient
practices of management have great positive effect on the business firm and powering by
effective styles of leadership. The unique culture and organisational structure make by
Sainsbury is the main contribution factors in the long term development and success of the
business firm. organistional and leadership theories is enrolled in the inside and outside
atmosphere which powerfully controls the company culture structure and presentation (Bush,
Middlewood, and Bell, 2019.).
P4 Examine the components that influence the development of the culture in company.
Culture refers to the values ideologies, policies along with the operations of the business
company. it gives the employees a sense of direction and manages the manner they behave with
each other. The culture of work reaches all employees together and unites them at the places of
work. There are different factors which effects the trends of the company.

 People working with the company –this is initial factors effecting the trends of
organisation. The workers support to the culture of the company In their self manner.
Attitudes involves mindsets, professionalism learning and the thought procedure of
workers effects the civilization of the company. Sainsbury employees are from all over
the worldwide so there is variety in the work place that makes complex for the
management and leadership to organise. This discrepancy influences the company culture
to extreme trends.
 Gender of workers - it effect the society of the company. Enterprise where the male
workers are more than the civilization is more empower in on the other side where the
woman staff are more there is less supremacy. In Sainsbury the male staff follows the
culture of late sitting which is a average characteristic.
 Nature of company - this also effects the company culture. most manufacturing just as
inventory just as insist and provide , market cap, earning per shares and many others.
When the market break the manufacturing have a choice left than cessation of the
workers which effects the workplace trends. Disturbance of market outcome in
pressure unrest and demonization of the workers. Sainsbury management feels useless
when the market conditions cannot be managed just as pandemic. The workers of
company a re unsure about the vocation and enlargement in the corporation where the
civilization gets because of some risks situation.
 Management styles and managing of employees – the style of management also effects
the workplace trends. Companies where the management permits the employees for
captivating the self choice and let them take participation in improvements of plans. In
this trends the labour get interacted to management and want extended term company
with the workforce get attached to organisational respect the staff members to ignore the
culture allocated where the employees are only operating for finance. This has
essentially developed the company trends. Sainsbury management treats the workers as
the precious resources and give them with all the important resources and give them with
all the important services which also has grown the culture of the company (Amtu,
Siahaya, and Taliak, 2019).

M3 comparison of impacts of styles of leadership and management on the decision making in
different industry firm.
When the mentors of the Sainsbury uses the different styles of management and
management they take inputs from the reduced level workers for taking key decisions. It
outcomes in motivating the feedbacks and advices from workers at every level of the company
organisation. The procedure takes time even if the staff members feel more authorize the
decision takes more time. privileged hand over the liability to the juniors is the they have the
needed practice so they can take own decision quickly and work well. But if the member lacks
essential ability and teaching for making ideas it makes amalgamation. Sainsbury leaders
motivates their employees for taking part in decision making procedure for effective outcomes
thus, company takes helps from an employees to have resolutions of the issues.
P5 create a motivational plan for an organisational that support optimal achievement of
organisational aims.
Motivational schemes are refers as the techniques and process which are set in place for
maintenance the employees stimulated, engaged and attentive in the blame. Modes of motivating
the worker alter by the work force, which is on the basis of the different atmosphere, trend and
work. There is no move towards which sets for motivating the team members . These policies by
different ways consisting verbal message, incentives, rewards and many others. Here are some of
the motivational techniques which us listed in below points.
 Commend and gratitude – this is one of the effortless and effective technique for
attractive the employee by recognizing the work and provide positive responses.
analysing workers for the practice created by them will converse that the workers are
organised and understand. analysing the employees of the team of their attainments are
the important support system for the company aims. Sainsbury mentors and organization
work nearly with the employees so they have the option for knowing the accomplishment
motivating the workers.
 Perks - surprise incentives for the best participant along with the profit contribution are
the first course group factors of attractive in the put the work. Satisfying the workers for
the impressed activity presents the associate of team that the corporation values the share
and encourages them for enacting at complete talent. By sharing profit the company

rewards worker with extra payment on the foundation of corporation net income. This
motivates the staff members for putting additional practices for growing the profit edge
of company. They have professionalism less unsatisfactory after giving monetary
incentives
 Sainsbury - company operates by motivating the privileged listen to the response which
creates feel that they are appreciated and grow the appointment. They also give the
workers with various reimbursement also which holds the workers enthused and improve
a work civilization of contended and motivate authorised of team. The company provides
their employees mainly services to its workers for encouraging them like monetary
support. Leaves and health advantages, on-site laundry and many more. They also
provide gratuity compensate for attainment of its goal. Leaders of the company shares
meal and rewards on the individual phase with the employees and promottional products
invested on the administration and corporate level (Ali, B.J. and Anwar, 2021.).
M4 create a details motivational strategy for an organisational that address intrinsic and
extrinsic motivation.
Organization of Sainsbury utilise rewards for diminishing the workers behaviour which
they want to perform . It helps employee in reaching the business aims. They rewards the
workers by two manner.
 Extrinsic rewards - they are outwardly orgamised and are operational outcomes given
to particular feel good due to the emotion of own growth. capability and self
management on the business activity. Sainsbury uses it fir promoting employees but the
affect of motivation is internally and do not relies on another people activity.
 Intrinsic rewards - they are company leaders believing in themselves and their working
of the naturally high individual might feel good due to the expressions of individual
improvement. Rivalry and self management on the operations. Sainsbury uses it for
motivating workers but the enhance of promoting is internals and do not relies on
anothers members activities.
D2 produce a comprehensive motivational strategy that effectively address all variables of
motivation to grow organisational performance.
There are some comprehensive strategy for motivation :

 Providing fast and forward response - Sainsbury replies absolutely to the active
response ways which are link to the peoples and company success. Constant feedbacks
on the operation provides workers employing of spend in the objective of business and
construct powerful relationship.
 Promoting routine elasticity - this promotion reduces the extra costs while raising the
productivity. Sainsbury uses modern technology to permits the direction for elasticity
routines. Employee are more content and enthused for being more creative.
 Reward accomplishing – the workers places the high value on allocation of work
gratitude. workers who are recognised are more encourage in the direction of the
operations. awareding is linked to the attainment of aims and objectives of the business.
P6 Apply to a range of business situations, appropriate leadership and management approaches
for managing performance and continuos development.
There are some practices to leadership explained in below :-
 Participatory leadership approach - administrator utilize this management theories seeks
for taking the self-governing behave to the company quite of utilising suitable upward
and descending move towards. The leadership style determine that the employees are
members in the concern government and can increase the influence. This kind of leaders
authorize the workers who are effected by some conclusion from having involvement
and decision making capability in solving an problems. In Sainsbury the leadership
personified this style in covid times when the selling scale and revenue of the business
were regular getting down in income scale they did not break the occupations like
another companies but begins a profit sharing program for its jobs to help them.
 Value based leadership theory - this advices the team units by employing and
encouraging the for operating as per the company and business centre values. Instead of
basic focusing on the organisational objectives and goals. It states having person who
constantly enact the company functions dedicately.. The mentors is conducted by the
core values which are regularised and allocated with the values of the company. The
mentors of the Sainsbury adapts the management styles and the business activity
performed through employees in pandemic times is offering as model for stimulating the
another in grwoing of the global atmosphere of the workers.

 Servant leadership approach - this approaches the people and their living style by
focusing on creating the better concern firm and making of the globe which is much
concern and equal. Improved by robert K. greenleaf the employee leader is an entity
who takes a conscious decision for encouraging to tend in a ways which allocates the
other person requirements as the preferences . They dedicated them self to the expansion
and glowing being of individual in the society. They are not paying attention on
empowerment collaborating share the capability as well as helps another’s in operating
developed. Sainsbury in pandemic assisted their staff members in different manner along
with that aids them in enacting developed and output additional returns(Alhefiti,
Ameen, and Bhaumik, 2019). .
M5 assess how leadership and management approaches for managing performance supports
continuous development.
Consistence transforming is important for the running process of achievement and
enlargement of any firm and business. The approaches either promote and foster particulars
functioning regular Improvement. Employees should be more innovative and conduct regular
development. Management of an organisation must develop in the thoughts and managing style
for having the continues development from employees. In instance participative leadership style
is required for encouraging and supporting the regular development of the individual terms
belong to association for resolving issues. It requires training on team development consisting of
interpersonal skills of interaction along with techniques of issues resolving.
D3 create recommendation to develop presentation organization that will guarantee continuos
development.
There are some suggestions for Sainsbury for developing the performance-
 Determining and admiring the assumption talent- organisation can analyse the best
performance and analysed those workers and then keep them through providing them
appropriate sources portion for giving them with regular development opportunity
connection with company is also highly important.
 Growth of the constant respond loop - Sainsbury should constantly communicate with
the workers for changing the response on operations regularly. Conversation can be
regularly ensure as it haves the abstraction lines unlock. With the assistance of this the

adminstration can ask quries regarding the obstacle, related to seen by them to decide
them.
 Improving effective way for success Performance - In order to responding the
queries link to execution companies may fit in the benchmarks for calculating the
presentation and illuminate that what is assumed from all members in particular role.
The operations can accessed against the pre defined expectations (Adams, and Velarde,
2018)(Adams, 2018).
CONCLUSION
It is analysed from above report that leaders and management style ways and practices
helps the company in finishing the goals and aims. Assessment of the management and
organization practices and theories and their effects on the company effectiveness was
accomplished. Also an impact of different trends of leadership and management on the culture
of the business was stated . In instance, the developing of the motivational policy for growing
the presentation of the enter virus was done. In last of the report the leadership and company
approaches for administration of routine for certify the constant development was mentioned in
the company. As been discussed in report about the various practices which is used in company
for making an effective functioning and also it helps in managing employees appropriately.
Theses models which is discussed in report has helped an organisation as they are effective in
achieving company goals. As well as this assist in having an achievable situation along with the
competing benefits with good unity of team. This motivates employees to give their best in
company operations as this helps in having an impressive skill development and also it aids in
accomplishing goals successfully. As been the above study it is being analysed that some
strategies are best suited to company and this will help in having an coordinated staff and
having professional skills and knowledge which aids in to be more productive and helpful, as
well as these theories helps In having an another skills and qualities which raises the qualities
like humanities and leading behaviour in individual personality.

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