Leading and Managing Change

This document discusses the impact of changes on organizational strategy and operation, specifically focusing on the case study of Sports Direct and Jack Wills. It evaluates the ways in which internal and external drivers of change affect leadership, team, and individual behaviors, and suggests measures to minimize the negative effects of changes on organizational behavior.

Leading and Managing
Change

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1 Comparison of firms where changes have impacted on organisational strategy and
operation.................................................................................................................................1
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................3
P2. Evaluation of ways in which internal and external drivers of change affect leadership,
team and individual behaviours..............................................................................................3
P3. Measures which can be taken for minimising negative affect of changes upon
organisational behaviour........................................................................................................5
TASK 3 ..........................................................................................................................................8
P4 Description of barriers to change and its influence upon the leadership decision making8
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................10
P5 Apply different leadership approaches to dealing with change in a range of organisational
contexts.................................................................................................................................10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
The procedure in which a leader responsible for the different thing, activities as well as
functions that become assorted some how in case of past and present changes. Changes in the
business related with the procedure of qualify and changing the approaches, procedure, culture
and technology that is essential for the business organisation to achieve growth for long time in
the business (Beycioglu, Jones and Harris, 2014). When any business do not apply any changes
in its products and services that time customers can switch regarding to other products and
services. It will show result as low productivity and profit margin of the organisation. To
improve sales of business and influence people to purchase their products as continue basis
require to apply all relevant changes. It is most essential to accept the changes as well as
challenges that helps in the competitive atmosphere. There are different factors that originate due
to conduct different business activities and supports to become as leading business. To better
understand concept of the report cover two case study of Sports Direct rescue Jack Wills and
fashion chain. These companies can provide about 1800 jobs at 169 stores in UK. Both
companies are ready to accept changes that helps to attract people to buy product & services. In
this report consist of organisational operation as well as strategies are affected, internal and
external factors which influence for leadership and supports to conduct deal with issues
effectively.
TASK 1
P1 Comparison of firms where changes have impacted on organisational strategy and operation
Overview of the organisational case study
Sports Direct rescue jack Wills: Mike Ashley is the owner of Sports Direct who has
introduce a fashion firm which is known as Jack Wills. There are working about 1700 people and
have 100 stores which is offering products and services to make happy people. It has about 6
franchise where consisting of middle east. Due to applying changes in the organisation Jack
Wills become essential part of new division within sports that direct and supports to extend the
fashion as well as sports brands despite of financial travails. Various kind of strategies as well as
approaches are modified by them that supports to supply effective quality of products and
services (Bin Taher, Krotov and Silva, 2015).
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House of Fraser: It is moving by Mike Ashely through investing million of pounds in
moving up to 7 of 7 House of Fraser's that has more than 50 stores in new mini luxury chain that
is known as Called Fraser. Due to apply changes in the particular procedure and quality of
products has become popular organisation that wagon to more mass market audience.
In the context of business environment there are applying different changes which is
required to take in respect to improve all the operation and efficiency of business where accept
all the challenges. They are starting business from small level and become larger after making
efforts and carry out all the changes regarding to business in which supports for profit margin.
Sports direct and House of Fraser are applying changes in case of operations, process and
strategies that impact on the business which is mentioned below:
Changes Sports Direct rescues Jack Wills Fashion Chain House of Fraser
Operation Mike Ashley has defined to increase
their operation to spread out the
business activities in fashion and
sports brand through changes that
supports to smoothly run business
activities. Such as, company apply
changes in operational activities that
impact on the deduction in rent as
well as overall financial activities will
be reduced.
House of Fraser is focused on the
investment about £90million in
August through classified the group in
two section like Fraser stocking more
designer tables and House of Fraser
catering to mass more market
audience. For example: Through
changes in operation cover large
number of customer that enhance
sales and productivity.
Strategic Strategies are important part of any
business which is applied as per the
situation and modify existing process
where consist of business
performance and make higher profits
to become successful (Diaz-Rainey,
Robertson and Wilson, 2017). When
organisation change their strategies so
Through changes in strategies as well
as policy can focus on the different
alternatives as well as investment that
states that which is right strategies
must select to improve sale. For
example, as per the changes increase
sales as well as productivity of
business.
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it provides positive results because it
based on the situation and easily
apply.
Structural This organisation can select the flat
structure for business and according
to that conduct business activities to
carry out positive and effective
changes. Such as: due to changes in
structure impact on the procedure of
easily and quickly communicate
people about task.
The particular business mainly focus
on the matrix organisational structure
in order to tackle different problems
to generate profits. The company has
updated different sectors and IT using
Sports Direct System that supports in
cut the warehousing cost effectively.
These changes impact to reduce
miscommunication among the staff
members of employer.
Similarities: House of Frazer was acquired by Sports Direct and the plan of the company was to
break into two categories, Fraser comprising products relevant to luxury brands whereas the
other group making their services to the consumer market customer. It was achieved with the
goal of achieving full number of citizens and also new groups of prospective customers. Same
strategy had to be applied in the redesign but the business was rebranded.
TASK 2
P2. Evaluation of ways in which internal and external drivers of change affect leadership, team
and individual behaviours
In present time to conduct different business activities require top focus on external as
well as internal factors that impact on the leadership, individual behaviour and team through
changes in the procedure. Therefore, it is essential for company to concentrate on different
factors that supports to improve production as per the requirement. Such as, in the context of
Sports Direct and Jack Wills has decided to modify the business efficiency through investment
activities in fashion and merging that supports to attract people (Daft and Marcic, 2016).
Furthermore, it accept the changes as well as challenges which is related with the external and
internal drivers and evaluated in detail manner:
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External driver:
Political: It is important factor that focus on the government and related political system
that impact on the organisational activities and performance. If company do not follow all
political factors so face many problems. Sport Direct is famous company that accept all the
changes and challenges regarding to political activities. As a result it impact on the business
when government change system and influence to follow new regulations.
Economical: Due to decrease rate of inflation as well as interest rate in UK and another
countries where Sports Direct wants to set up new market regarding to their products that show
impact on the sales in positive manner and increase production of business that increase. It
supports to increase brand image and cover large market share in context of Sports direct.
Social: this factor defined that how to social activities impact on the business along with
interest of customer, market trends that impact on the Sports Direct to carry out creation or
changes in their organisation as per the customer demand as well as choice. For the business
operations require to increase activities and linked with Jack Wills fashion brand (Espedal,
2017).
Technological: A business should concentrate on technology and new creation that
supports to attract people and advertise the products effectively. This factor show impact on
Sports direct in positive manner and fulfil demand of customer which is related to services has
increased sales as well as profitability.
Internal drivers
Strength Weakness
 Sports Direct has good performance in
existing and new market.
 Improve quality of products as well as
services.
 The particular organisation follow
supply chain system for business
activities.
 Recruit skilled and experience people
which is accept all changes (Komives,
 Days inventory is greater than their
competitors.
 Not able to tackle several challenges
regarding to new segment.
 Require to invest more amount to apply
new innovative technology.
 Sports direct has high attrition rate and
spend more on training.
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2016).
Opportunities Threats
 Provide training and developing
programs to employees as per the
changes.
 Select effective environmental
approach that supports to increase
productivity.
 Low transportation cost.
 Changes in buying behaviours of
customer that impact on business
profitability.
 Improper supply of products
 Level of competition
 Increasing pay level as well as inflation
rate that limits buying.
These internal changes were applied by the Sports direct in respect to increase their
existing services to meet with large group of customers. There are applying different types of
changes as a result in impacts that can be analysed by Bohner and Arnold change impact
analysis. It is defined as consequences that a change and have on a business or forecasting about
the requirements that can be modified in order to acquire changes. Sports Direct apply changes
as per the strategies and operations for which they required to estimate the effect that could have
been resulted as changes. The external changes apply to develop the effective position of jack
Wills and enhance its financial condition and entire performance at the market place. Sports
direct will assist them to acquire all the objectives. While, House of Fraser went by a loss of
around £3million per week. This implies the strategies selected through them were not right
enough to get success for longer period of time. External drivers more impact on the individual
because it is not easy to predict by an individual to analysis all over market. Internal drivers
impact more on the team because everyone have different point of view and according to that
they handle situation.
Organizational change has influenced the leadership and actions of individual workers
and different teams. The organization has also had a bad safety screening process for workers.
Leadership has been influenced by the way the workers have been disciplined for their 15-minute
pay even though they were one minute late. There was also a concern among the workers of
losing jobs, as the leaders had become strict. Employees were paid below average rates and there
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were some contracts that put members under no obligation to provide the required amount of
hours worked etc.
P3. Measures which can be taken for minimising negative affect of changes upon organisational
behaviour
Organisational behaviour is said to beliefs, culture, preferences and values that supports
to apply the changes in organisational production and profit margin. These changes can impact
on the business entity whether positive or negative manner. Thus, there are different
measurement that apply by the Sports Direct company due to deduct the adverse impact of
changes on the business behaviour. Such as, Sports direct is facing several types of issues due to
apply changes in the business and innovate new business after merge with Jack Wills. These
companies can utilise particular system theory and Burke Litwein model deduct the adverse
effect of changes and mentioned in detailed manner such as:
System theory: The particular theory used by the business for interdisciplinary manner
where defined about the nature of difficult system in society, nature and science in collectively
manner (Lawrence, 2015). It is followed by the Sports direct company due to apply changes in
the procedure system. The particular theory supports a manager to accept all the changes and
according to that prepare strategy to respond effectively towards changes. With the help of
changes company increase the production system, activities of selling and set effective
framework, nature and aim of an organisation which increase effect in positive manner to deduct
negative activities.
PCDA model: This model apply by the business for changes and follow the particular
plan in effective manner such as: Plan: It is starting stage of this model where take initiatives take by the business to
predict different reason in context of specific issues. Sports direct follow this model and
prepare a plan for the changes and recognised all wrong changes have gone for
administration. So Jack Wills build up merging fashion to have better outcomes. Do: After preparing plan according to that preparation for presumptive problems due to
introduce changes and at this stage related with effective implementation for planning
and get outcomes (Lawrence, 2015).. Check: In the next stage of PDCA oblige for the make differences between actual and
desired efficiency with particular view and control over all operational activities.
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 Act: At the last stage marking documentation with the report for modification. In the
context of Sports direct putting the proper plan for execution. Sports direct oblige for the
plan and guide as per the information (NHS England, 2016).
Burke Litwen model: To conduct the changes efficiently require to followed Burke
Litwen model which is utilised by the Sports Direct in order to support elements that analysis a
change within a company. In respect of many cases different facts are accepted too little into
account so as a result a change create negative hazards for the staff members as well as Sports
direct organisation. Additionally, change model presents the different aspects which is
interrelated and impact on each other.
External environment: There are focusing on competition, rules & regulation, economy
and market that present impact on behaviour of singular person, team and company. In the
context of Sports Direct concentrate on new market as well as legislation to spread out the
business operations to carry out changes that supports to move a corporation activities.
Mission and strategy: The main mission & strategy of particular organisation is to
become famous and successful company and create relation with other company at global level.
For this carry out different types of products and services to made changes through making
strategy effectively (Rodd, 2015).
Leadership: It is art of influence a group member through their ideas and thoughts. The
leaders of Sports Direct company are acting in good manner with their staff members and other
team members who makes effort regarding to changes in perfect manner and conduct business
activities systematically.
Organisation culture: It is a system which is shared on assumption basis, values, beliefs
that observed behave of people regarding to organisational change. These values present strong
impact on the people in the business and present how to people dress up according to their
culture and perform effective job role.
Structure: Every organisation select different structure for the business. Sports direct
select flat structure that supports to increase the relation in between staff members, managers and
others in respect to present all the tasks systematically after implement changes in business
(Espedal, 2017).
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Work unit climate: Sports direct is mainly working with all the worker in cooperative
manner and colleagues through changes the procedure that satisfy them and make profitable for
business.
Task requirements and individual skills: To complete task in the business required to
collect description of all the staff members and according their skills provide roles in particular
task. The employees of Sports direct require to have analytical abilities, adaptability, manage
time and efficacious that will assistance by them to bring out the activities in expansion way.
Individual needs and value: Sports direct require to proper knowledge about the
demand and expectations of staff members from the company so according to that prepare list
and fulfil the requirement such as balance work life, incentive and different monetary and non
monetary rewards.
Employee motivation: It is essential for business in order to encourage people regarding
to business activities and increase morale. As a result they make effort and accept all the changes
to improve all the business operations. A leader of Sports direct one are encouraging staff
members to accept that challenges and changes that used for production and profit.
Individual & general performance: There are evaluating efficiency level of each
individual who is working in Sports direct at every stage. It would be analysed through quality
basis, customer satisfaction, productivity and turn over rate (Rothwell, Stavros and Sullivan,
2015).
Change in an organisation could be daunted by choosing for a variety of measures which
may consequently help in cutting back the change's impact in the organisational behavior. Sports
Direct needs to have established a change management program which might have helped the
company in minimising the effect of influence on its own organisational behavior (Thomas, 20
17). Various measures for example strengthening the capacity of leaders in addition to managers
to control the change inside the organization might have helped the employees to react onto it
and also perhaps not withstand with the shift. Various training programs may possibly likewise
have been ran for both growing and improving the abilities of their managers. The business
should have informed the workers and talked to them definitely about the shift and also the aims
needs to have been adapting to the exact same. This tactic will have helped the business in
finding out the financial value of this shift and its later effects. Once it had been clear about the
way a shift needed to be earned, the likely consequences of exactly the exact same needs to have
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been assessed. Realistic time lines needs to have been put as a way to get the targets and
objectives. An cautious actions program should happen to be grown after having a through
investigation of this industry in addition to other internal and external things which might have
influenced the shift the company was intending to attract in. The impacts and consequences of
any change that will have happened previously have to have been contemplated. And so, a
communication plan should happen to be manufactured using the best channels of
communicating. For organisation behaviour System theory plays significant role and reduce
negative impact. The culture of the business based on the external aspects like suppliers,
materials, staff members and many others. When company apply different changes so that time
apply system theory that helps to easily accept all the changes as per the situation.
TASK 3
P4 Description of barriers to change and its influence upon the leadership decision making
Changes are selected by different business entities to apply improvements and changes as
per the requirement then apply effective strategies for the changes. Various problems are faced
by business due top accept all the changes. These changes impact on the decision making
procedure due to focus on the changes. Such as, Sports Direct is known as leading organisation
which is accepting different changes regarding to business procedure that show effect on the
leadership regarding to decision making.
Improper communication: It is main barrier that create problem and impact on the
business in direct manner. Due to bring out modification in business premises so extensive
interaction present as a way map by the leader of Sports direct. There is transferring vantage to
making out modification in the context of staff members (Doppelt, 2017). It is analysed that the
management is focusing on ability to coordinate with workers and also do not follow the changes
that is important to bring out of daily activities.
The particular barrier shows impact on leaders of Sports direct and conducting with
activities with them. For this require to make usage of all-inclusive inter communication
strategies in order to precede information to employees in firm. It will aid them to have an edge
in the context to carry out changes with strategical & process changes (vander Voet, Kuipers and
Groeneveld, 2015). For example, staff members would not focus on their work and listen some
words in meeting as a result they do not complete work on time and company face huge losses.
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Lack of colleagues engagement: Many time staff members are not engage with the
changes because they are not effectively cooperate. They must render in sufficient information
that will allows them to effectively and apply the changes in premises. In the context of Sports
direct, it is outlined that carping extent of staff members set limit for application of planned
modification in proper observation and direction are not provided to leader. If openers are not
take any steps regrading to business so create problem of lack of exuberance among their
representatives. For example: when changes apply in the company that time require to train staff
members according to new system but leader is not focused on employees as a result they are not
focusing on business operations.
The particular problem impact on the leadership with proper information and staff
members connected with carrying out changes in Sports direct. Moreover, the leaders required to
furnish different rewards which is categorised in monetary and non monetary and incentives on
extra work and effort to people who made their increase contribution with application of changes
in enterprise. Along with this, provide training to staff members for equipped and increase their
knowledge in respective manner (White and Robinson, 2014).
Adverse behave of staff: When staff member do not want to work as per the changes
then it may result in negative behaviour of them. It creates problem for the manager of sports
direct to formulate all the strategies in better manner in an organisation. It influenced to a leader
for decision making procedure and may have to apply changes as per the decision making. So
according to this factor may inspire to man power to apply the changes. Such as, many times
employees are not ready for changes and they behave adverse on their task as a result company
face problem in regard of new strategy and implication.
Ergo when cost of raw stuff receives bigger, then it really is will likely soon be rough for
managers of House of Fraser to execute tasks precisely and get favorable outcome out of this.
There are chances that surgeries must get error, therefore that really is contrary to fluctuations as
this creates risk in executing change within the institution. Mangers of House of Fraser need to
modify their conclusions too, like selecting new providers, etc..
Change in market trends- Therefore it's perhaps not simple to find out which changes will
probably be permanent, therefore it's hard to commit in in it. There's shift in requirement of
consumers, ergo if individuals aren't getting appropriate info, chances are they aren't able to
accomplish get favorable effect on operation of House of Fraser. There's change in Decision
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making of House of Fraser also because It's Not possible and applicable for Visitors to appraise
and comprehend changes correctly, therefore There Has to Be shift in decision making due to
altering outlets in small luxury mini shop
As per the above barriers to develop a related changes that apply of modification which
carry out a leader for decision making procedure. There are presenting different factors in
specified mentioned below:
Force field analysis: It is applied by the business for the change management and direct
to people for change procedure which is introduced by the business. These factors related to this
as follows: Facilitating factors: The particular factor related with the different factors which relate to
enterprise atmosphere of firm and facilitate entities to bring out changes. Different
aspects related with the business procedure and non-current machine that reduce the
morale of team member and worker with proper modification and focus on different users
and others. In case of Sports direct, it will aid within bringing out strategical changes for
corporate approaches.
 Restraining Factors: It is comprising with orientation that related with the business
environment and perform as a confinement within application of changes. There are
consisting of different aspects such as government legislation, workers resistance etc. In
case of Sports Direct, it is analysed that restraining factors for both the modification are
failure to applying to linked with different strategies and staff activities (Yoder-Wise,
2014).
TASK 4
P5 Apply different leadership approaches to dealing with change in a range of organisational
contexts.
Leadership approaches helps in handling the different situations that are occurs within a
workplace of Sports direct and Jack Wills that directly helps in increasing the performance and
profitability along with the timely accomplishment of goals and objectives (Beycioglu, Jones and
Harris, 2014).
Situational leadership:
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According to the views of Hershey and Blanchard, leadership consists mainly two kinds
of behaviour that includes directive and supportive. Directive: It is associated with the clearly informed people towards the what, when, how,
where questions in order to work effectively as well as monitoring the performance.
 Supportive: It is related to the listening to individual, facilitating support as well as
encourage them in the activities of problem solving and decision making.
There are mainly four types of leadership styles the depicted in the model of leading a
change which combines these behaviours within the organisation in order to deal with different
situations that can be considered as follows: Directing: It is related to the one way communication in which leaders describes roles
and responsibilities of individual as well as team. This kind of leadership helps in
introducing operational changes. For example, if a manager thinks to brings new
accounting systems then there may be initial resistance from their accounting staff. Coaching: In this, leaders facilitates many informations, support as well as direction in
order to sell ideas and get purchase-in. This type of leadership helps in managing
personalised organisational changes. For instance, this helps in enhancing the skills and
knowledge of followers as leader facilitates detailed guidance in order to bring
improvements. Supporting: In this, leaders works within a team as well as individually that shares roles
and responsibilities towards the decision making. Mainly this kind of leadership style is
required for the new generation of employee and employer as well as bring changes in
organisational structure. For example, A leader of company use supporting leadership
style in order to support their followers when they are dissatisfied and demotivated in
progress.
 Delegating: It is related to the procedure as well as responsibilities of making decisions is
widely been transferred to the individual and team as well. This is essential for making
decisions and bring changes in top level policies. For example, company's CEO or MD or
manager makes all decisions and delegate to their staff members in order to implement
changes which is need to be followed by all members.
After analysing all the leadership styles it can be viewed that all approaches are essential
for implementing changes whereas, for the Sports direct and Jack Wills supporting leadership
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style is more appropriate as it is related to the distribution of roles and responsibilities among all
and take full support of team members in completing tasks.
Change theories, concepts and models:
There are various theories, concepts as well as models of change management that helps
in managing the changes effectively and systematically as well within the workplace of Sports
direct and Jack Wills organisation (Major Approaches & Models of Change Management, 2019).
Some of these are as follows:
Kotter's 8 step change model: This theory is considered as a popular method that has
been developed by John P. Kotter which is based on the change management. It is divided into
eight steps where all emphasises on a key principle which is directly related to the responses of
people in order to change within the Sports direct and Jack Wills. Increase urgency: It includes creating a urgency among individual's in order to encourage
and motivate them towards the achievement of objectives. Build team: This theory is related to the choosing right people in a team by getting a mix
of skills, commitment as well as knowledge. Get correct vision: It is associated with the creation of accurate vision by considering
them in order to accomplish changes as well as make creative, emotional connects,
effective objectives etc. along with the strategies. Communicate: Effective interaction with individual's towards the changes and its
requirements consider as essential part of change management theory which is
propounded by Kotter (Bin Taher, Krotov and Silva, 2015). Get things moving: To get the things empowering activities as one requires to acquire
support, minimise roadblocks as well as adopt feedbacks as a constructive purpose. Emphasise on short term goals: In this, entire goals and objectives are divided into small
and manageable way in order to accomplish organisational objectives without any work
load and pressure. Don't give up: Continuity termed as a key of success and it is very important while
adopting and managing the changes in Sports direct and Jack Wills. Incorporate change: In order to manage changes in effective manner it is essential to
reinforce and being a part of workplace culture within an Sports direct and Jack Wills.
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Lewin's change management model: It is one of the most important theory which helps
in making understand about the organisational as well as structured changes in an organisation
such as Sports direct and Jack Wills (Daft and Marcic, 2016). This was developed by Kurt Lewin
in 1950 as it was a physicist and scientist who described structural changes. It consists of three
stages like unfreeze, change and refreeze. Unfreeze: It is the process of change which involves planning of changes as company
must get ready for implementing changes whenever is needed. It would be essential for
Sports direct and Jack Wills to resist changes and break their status quo as well as in this
stage, businesses looking for re-examining tasks and procedures. Change: It is associated with the real transition of modifications as it is a process that
may take more time to brings new things and changes. At that level, leadership is more
important as these are not only lead in right direction and make it easy for staff members
also. Time as well as communication are keys for this in order to take changes in a
successful manner.
 Refreeze: At this stage, changes has been easily accepted and implemented by persons as
Sports direct and Jack Wills starts in order to become stable. This is required to help
individual's in order to ensure that changes are implemented and used after the
accomplishment of objectives. With a sense of stability workers get comfortable as well
as confident towards the changes acceptance.
Transactional leadership: With the use of transactional leadership, if there is change in
working style because of transforming outlets in small luxury mini store, then it will be easy
for employees to determine and evaluate changes properly. This leadership is appropriate
because there is proper instruction to employees as per they have to work. This is the best
way through which individuals can perform operations in specified format to complete the
task.
Transformable leadership: In transformational leadership, there is ease in modifying
activities of employees because they have complete and specific knowledge about
conducting activities. It is easy for managers of House of Fraser to communicate and train
workers about transforming outlets in small luxury mini store and completing task within
specified time. This is fruitful for House of Fraser because there is ease in motivating and
encouraging employees to work under dynamic environment
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CONCLUSION
It has been concluded from the above report that leading and managing a change within
an organisation is a process that are used while the need of change occurs. In order to bring
effective changes a company requires to conduct analysis regarding the internal and external
environmental factors that are related to the market conditions. In addition, several ways and
methods are adopted for minimising the negative impact of changes that effect the behaviours of
individual and team as well as leadership. Also, describe the changes as well as their influences
that directly impacts on the decision making process of leadership. As well as apply many
approaches of leadership in order to manage effective changes.
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