Lecture Notes in Database Management Systems

This document provides lecture notes on Database Management Systems. It covers topics such as the introduction to DBMS, relational model, entity relational model, and more. The content is suitable for students studying computer science and information systems.

Lectures Notes in
Database Management Systems
Lecture (1)
Submitted By:
Dr. Ahmed Mohamed Abd-Elwahab
Lecture in BIS Department,
Faculty of Commerce & Business Administration,
Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.

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COURSE OUTLINE
❑ Chapter 1. Introduction to DBMS.
❑ Chapter 2. Relational Model.
❑ Chapter 3. Entity Relational Model.
❑ Chapter 4. Enhances Entity Relational Model
❑ Chapter 5. Relational Database Design (Mapp
❑ Chapter 6. SQL Basic.

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CHAPTER (1)
Introduction to DBMS

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Ch 1. OUTLINE (Part One)
❑ Introduction.
❑ Basic Definitions.
❑ Purpose of Database Systems.
❑ Disadvantages of the File Processing Systems.
❑ Main Characteristics (Advantages) of the Database
❑ Database Systems Applications.

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1.1 Introduction
All OrganizationsPublic,Governmentalor Private,
Smallor Large depend on Computerized Informa
Systems (CBIS) for Carrying out their daily act

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➢ Data - is a Raw Facts/Materials thatcan be stored
and can take the form of a number of statements.
❑ Data of Student:ID,Name,Age, Level, Gender…
❑ Data of Course:Code,Title,Cost, Hours, Type…
❑ Type of Data:Numbers, String, Text File, Audio, Video.
par chare afdl ast8lal mmkn ll data bt3tk

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➢ Information - is data that has been converted i
meaningfuland usefulcontextfor end users.
(Processed Data).
❑ List of students is information.
❑ List of male students is information.
❑ The numbers of optional courses is informat

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Example:
▪ Sales Data -is names, quantities and dollar amounts.
▪ Sales Information- is the amount of sales by product type, or by salespers

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لكشب تانايبال نيزختمظنموترمب
تانايبال عاجرتساةعرسبوةلوهسوقدة

Flat File Environment
File Processing Database System

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data wherehouse: aktr mn data base
data mining: discover al knolege from data

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Concept of Database
➢ Databaseas a collection of related data.
➢ Databaseis built to store logically interrelated
representing some aspects of the real world.
➢ Databaseis constructed according to a data mode
which definesthe way in which dataand
interrelationships between them can be repres
yatm ansh2ha wafkn

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15

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7aga tmyzha -unque
mesh bttkrr
mttsbsh fdya -not non field
record

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1.2 Purpose of Database Sys
DBMS were developed to handle th
followingdifficultiesof typicalFile
ProcessingSystemssupportedby
conventional operating systems.

Flat File Environment
File Processing Database System

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1.3Disadvantagesof keeping organization
information in aFile Processing Systems
yakrar bynat w 3dm tgnos
mesh hatwslha b shola
ta3ml awamr m3 b3d

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Thereare severalcharacteristicsthat
distinguish theDatabaseSystem from
the File Processing System.
1.4 Main Characteristics & Bene
(Advantages) of Database Syste

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1.4 Main Characteristics & Bene
(Advantages) of Database Syste
➢ Self-describing nature of a database system:
▪ A DBMS Catalog stores the description of a particular
database (e.g., data structures, types, and constraints)
▪ The description is called Meta-data*.
▪ This allows the DBMS software to work with different
database applications.
➢ Insulation between programs and data:
▪ Called Program-data Independence.
▪ Allowschanging data structuresand storage organization
without having to change the DBMS access programs.

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➢ Support of multiple views of the data:
▪ Each user may see a differentview of the database,
which describes only the data of interest to that user.
➢ Sharing of data and multi-user :
▪ Current database systemsare designed for multiple users
to access the same database at the same time.
▪ This access is achieved through features called
Concurrency Control Strategies.
1.4 Main Characteristics & Bene
(Advantages) of Database Syste

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➢ Control of data redundancy
➢ Data sharing
➢ Enforcement of integrity constraints
➢ Restriction of unauthorized access
➢ Data independence
➢ Transaction processing
➢ Provision for multiple views of data
1.4 Main Characteristics & Bene
(Advantages) of Database Syste

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1.5 Database Systems Applicat

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Thanks!
Ahmed Mohamed Abd-