Legal and Professional Issues in Learning Case Study 2022

Running Head: Legal and Professional Issues in Learning
Legal and Professional Issues in Learning

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Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
Literature Review............................................................................................................................4
Intervention plan..............................................................................................................................6
Stakeholders.....................................................................................................................................7
Necessary resources.........................................................................................................................8
Evaluation plan..............................................................................................................................10
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................11
Recommendation...........................................................................................................................11
References......................................................................................................................................13

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Introduction
The following study will discuss various problems that are prevalent in the domain of nursing
related to the injury of patients. It involves the various issues related to the fall of patients in
hospitals and nursing homes. The analysis will discuss how falls are responsible for causing a
maximum number of injury-related problems or death, particularly among nagged patients.
During the hospitalization of the patients, the accidents often appear during the admission
process of the patient due to poor cleaning process of the health care centre. Fall-related injuries
are responsible for impacting the social, physical, emotional, and mental wellbeing of the
patients. The increase in the number of falls is also responsible for increasing the medical
expenses and length of stay of a patient in a hospital as injured patients get admitted to the
hospital for recovery.
The study will also emphasize how falls are responsible for disrupting the natural flow of
livelihood and increase the financial burden for the family members of the patients. CDC or the
center of disease control believes injuries and falls are becoming an alarming concern to the
health and safety of the people.
The analysis will also trace the necessity of intervention as falls of the patient can result in
several types of fractures in the bones and joints, adding misery for the patients. Intervention is
also required as it affects the psychology of the patients that eventually cause depression and loss
of self-confidence. The study will suggest how an increase in knowledge and awareness can
reduce the fall of patients. Moreover, the nurses will also gain the understanding to tackle the
problems related to falling of patients and take precautionary measures.

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Literature Review
Findings
The fall of the patients often leads to physical severe injuries like fractures and other critical
accidents. The fall of the patients often invites conflicts among the management and patient
parties which results in a decrease of confidence leading to depression and social isolation
among health care workers. According to Mettler (2016), the patients who fall while staying in a
nursing home are a severe threat to the safety of the patients. The falling of patients causes
critical issues in hospitals of acute care. They are also responsibly disrupting the metric of
nursing care quality. Critical illness, unfamiliar environment surgery, treatments, and
medications become common challenges for patients falling. In the opinion of Manogaran et al.
(2017), even a single fall may induce the fear of falling in the future. In addition to that, falls can
initiate a downward spiral causing reduced mobility in their movements. Despite the hospitals
and nursing homes are focused on increasing the number of nurses and other support staff, the
scarcity of expertise in the medical field proves fatal for the recovery of the patients (Wan et al.
2018).
Hospitals and nursing homes have started implementing several preventive measures despite the
issues of patient compliance. The first and foremost preventive way is to estimate the possible
causes beforehand so that it can be handled with proper care (Lupo, 2016). The assessment of the
risk of falling and prevention plans helps in providing an insight that can be utilized for future
preventive measures against falls. The lack of proper medication to strengthen bones and muscle
constitute another reason for the falling of people at an older age. Pharmacotherapy is significant
for the wellbeing of the patients. However, in acute care settings, pharmacotherapy can also
cause a sudden falling of patients. Moreover, patients who are suffering from neural diseases are
prone to unexpected falls. Besides pharmacotherapy, a person suffering from Lasix has an
increased chance of falling. This is because people suffering from Lasix have to visit the
bathroom very frequently growing the likelihood of falls. Another reason due to which patients
fall is spilled water on the marble floors of the nursing home. In addition to that, overcrowded
hospitals often cause problems in the movement of the persons. Over crowdedness in the

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hospitals often creates a situation that leads to bumping among the people during their campaign,
causing severe accidents and injuries(Materla, Cudney & Antony, 2019).
In order to mitigate these accidents, fall assessment tools like therapies are implemented for
measuring the possibility of patient’s falls in the setting of acute care. In relation to the fall
assessment tools, implementations are also required to minimize the number of falls (Bercaw,
2017). Proper application can only be done when the nursing staff which imparts proper medical
knowledge regarding the several diseases. It is negotiated for predicting the symptoms and take
preventive measures beforehand.
Slipping of the patients can be prevented by ensuring a wide range of health disciplines that
includes physiotherapy, occupational therapy and nursing. Evidence is present in the literature
that suggests 50% of potential falls can be prevented with proper measures of intervention.
Recent meta-analysis proves the fact that a comprehensive range of patient falls has started
reducing after the implementation of several techniques like that of neuro therapies and other
exercises. The most prevalent intervention that has come up is the restoration of the strength of
muscles in human bodies with the help of proper physiotherapy (Manjula, & Balachandra, 2018).
Patients who have weak bones and muscles are likely to get more injured after an accidental fall.
That is why the intervention process has emphasized restoring the strength of muscle strength. In
addition to that, patients suffering from the neural disorder often fail to maintain posture and
balance. The nerves system of the patient is only responsible for the ultimate movement during
the conscious and sub-conscious state of mind. The frequent fall of this category of patients
cannot be reduced only through proper inspection. Instead, unique treatments and therapies are
required to minimize neural disorders because the subconscious mind of the patients is directly
or indirectly connected with the central nervous system. Proper medication is also crucial in
reducing the neural diseases to stabilize the balance and movement of the individuals (Preston et
al. 2018). Moreover, the intervention also involves one to one counseling with patients, where
the doctors can listen to the problems of the patients. To diagnose the challenges of falling,
modern medical science is proposing 3D games and technology. That can be seen as a means of
adherence towards the patients engaging them with interactive exercise therapies and other
tailoring processes (Swigart & Liang, 2016).

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Another intervention that works well to minimize the number of falls is the assessment of fall
risks. The utilization of this approach helps to assess plenty of risk factors, mobility issues
followed by other physiological characteristics. That consist of muscle balance and strength,
posture, stability, and reaction time. Several tests are there like Timed Up and Go, Turn 180-
degree analysis, and Berg Scale balance. These tests are immensely popular as they are highly
effective in restoring the mental and physical stability of the patients, thereby reducing the
probability of accidents (Tourangeau et al. 2016). Old persons who suffer from balance
abnormalities are more prone to risks of falling. To avoid these types of accidents, not only
physical intervention is required, educational interventions to are of immense significance.
Proper education and articles on the internet also prove beneficial in spreading the necessary
knowledge related to fall prevention. Education intervention also takes the form of sheets that
contain evidence associated materials. Moreover, the patients are also given the information
through which they can seek assistance to avoid long lie syndrome after a fall.
Home assessments are another source of intervention that can be easily carried out and benefit
the family members of the patient to stay alert all the time. Home assessments also involve
assessment equipment that can be prescribed to reduce patients to fall within the fall
environment. For older people, assistive equipment can be used. They are nothing but
technological devices that helps to add practical support to human bodies that are prone to
falling. These equipment involve walking frames, grab nails, inclined toilet seats, and raised
chairs, stair rails, and beds in the patient's home.
There also exist technological interventions that can reduce the rate of patient falling during the
sleeping hours. The technological tools help in treating and diagnosing fall risks, enhancing the
adherence to preventive measures, and alerting clinicians in case of sudden falls or accidents.
Technology also plays a significant role for the adults through which they can self-assess their
problems for the provision of assistive equipment. This can be done with the help of grab nails,
raised chairs and other instruments (Cañadas-De la Fuente et al.2015).
Intervention plan

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Intervention in the nursing industry is regarded as the service that the nurse provides to the
patients. It is also stated as anything that nurse does for patient, to obtain a suitable outcome in
health conditions of patient. The intervention plan that has been proposed in the provided
improvement proposal is that the nurses must establish effective communication with the patient,
and the family of the patient. This will help them to know the condition of the patient in-depth.
The proposal has also illustrated the fact that pharmacotherapy helps the patient to improve only
35 percent in a medical institute. Whereas the rest improvement of the patient care based on the
treatment and the environment that the patient gets in a medical institute (Driessen, Castle &
Handler, 2018).
The nurses must gather various information regarding the health history of the patient, the
present health status of the patient, neurological condition, and also regarding the nutrition that
the patient will be receiving. Intervention in nursing goes beyond the criteria for improving the
health condition of the patient only by providing drugs. Nursing interventions include bedbound
care, positioning therapy, alcohol abuse control, communicating with the patients, crisis therapy
along with stress control theory of the patients, bereavement support and offering food to the
patients on their respective beds (Garcia, Harrison & Goodwin, 2016).
Transformational leadership theory should be implemented in nursing as it motivates the other
people working in the same environment through engaging the other workers in moral values and
ideas. Transformational leadership is beneficial for developing a work environment that is
operated with individual interests and shared responsibilities. Transformational leadership also
facilitates the communication of the individual with more than one individual from the medical
institute. Which also engages the patients in a healthy environment and maintains the interest of
the patient in improving their health condition (Eckardt et al. 2017). It facilitates the patients to
follow the instructions given by the nurses and the doctors as they take their medicines and
therapies in proper time, and it results in faster improvement of health conditions.
Stakeholders
The identified stakeholders in the nursing industry are the educators, nurse managers, clinicians,
and the students, patients, employers, physicians, government, pharmaceutical firms, and
insurance companies. Applying bedbound care, therapies, and various clinical documentation

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and also hourly check on the condition of the patient requires enormous investments. In addtion,
adequate staff, and a considerable number of employees to monitor all the patients individually.
Most of the nursing industry follows a functional management structure (Kitching et al. 2015).
The positions of the employees are based on the individual functions that they perform.
Educators in nursing are pivotal and facilitate the strength of the workforce of nurses, and they
also provide evidence-based practice to the nurses. The supervisors in nursing assign the
individual with responsibilities, and the students are under the control of the educators.
Employers carry out the responsibility of the healthcare institute and also develop the work of
the organization. Recruiting physicians are essential for a medical institution, as having the most
renowned physicians would attract the families of the patients (Rodney & Varcoe, 2016). The
health care institutions cannot function its business without having the consent of the
government, so the government is one of the major stakeholders of this sector.
The nursing theory is also regarded as the nursing metaparadigm is based on four major
concepts, which includes nursing, environment, health, and person. The stakeholders that had
been identified in the context of the nursing industry are parallel to the nursing theory. The
employers, educators, students, managers, clinical supervisors, nurses, and the patients all are
responsible for maintaining and developing the environment of health care. Nursing is the part of
the theory that is mainly associated with the patients, nurses, clinical supervisors, and physicians.
The health of the patients depends upon the care that they receive in the environment of the
nursing institute (Odell, 2015). Pleasant atmosphere and behavior of the nurses, along with
proper medications, provide faster improvement in the health conditions of the patients.
Necessary resources
The resources mainly include the financial support in order to arrange safety equipment that are
required for providing safe health services to the individuals. Physicians, staff, and nurses require
an adequate supply of equipment. The financial resources should be allocated in facilities, new
technologies, equipment, for hiring employees, and for marinating the infrastructure of the
organization. The organization should also make the investment choices carefully in order to
reduce the chances of the future financial crisis of resources in the health care institute.

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Figure 1
Source: (Fan et al. 2015)
Financial resources are available in the health care institute, but mitigating the need for supplies
of the organizations is not possible based on the entire financial support of the organization. The
nursing institute also needs to borrow funds from external sources. Health organizations can get
supplies from investment trusts, federal housing administration funds, the partners of the
organization, equity investments, the government agencies, and also by opting for shared spaces.
Shared space is the facility of getting resources that will also promote the name of the health care
institute and will also bring money to the institute (de Souza Teixeira et al. 2015). Shared spaces
reduce the cost of expansion of the firm and also improve the quality of service that is provided
to the patients. Shared space brings the concept of traditional buildings of medical institutions
where the physicians use to have their own private chambers. In the modern health industry, the
idea of shared space elaborates that the medical institutes provide the facility of outdoor rooms
for the physicians to practice their profession. The organization can also borrow funds from the
government agencies as the government agencies efficiently provide funds to healthcare
institutes for developing their services and for accomplishing resources.

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The elements that are necessary for the approval of the budget are credibility, presentation,
justification, condition of the business, and communication skills. The budgetary needs set for
medical institutes are of three types, cash, capital, and operating. The capital budget is primarily
based on the needs of the patients, adding equipment to the organization, and for the replacement
of worn-out equipment (Fischer, 2016). Cash budgets are necessary for the institute to provide
adequate funds and for keeping funds in the hand of the organization for sustaining the budgetary
period. The operating budget in the health care industry includes the salary and wages of the
employees, materials, and supplies that are needed for providing service to the patients, various
utilities, and the maintenance cost. All these budgets are necessary to implement the proposed
plan.
Evaluation plan
The outcomes of the quality improvement plan can be monitored by installing Cctv cameras in
the workplace; an hourly inspection of the patients is the most significant way of controlling the
outcomes. The outcomes could also be controlled by using the various self- monitoring tools by
the employees. Respective supervisors of departments also monitor results. They visit multiple
departments and enquire about progress of their works. Strategy that has been applied for
reassessment of outcomes is that nurses who are taking care of individuals. They must not leave
the patient until the nurse of the following shift reaches the hospital and takes over the
responsibility of the patient (Vaismoradi et al. 2015). The outcomes can also be reassessed by
placing the belongings of the patient near the bed of the patient. The strategy that can also be
implemented is to lower height of the mattresses so that there are fewer chances of causing
injury to the patient if they fall from their beds.
Transformational leadership theory is essential as it assigns moral values among the physicians
and nurses. It motivates them for serving the patients and it is also necessary for identifying the
attitude and the behavior of the stakeholders (Boamah et al. 2018). The reevaluation of the plan
must be conducted within one month of the quality improvement proposal. This is because the
health care institutions cannot risk the life of the patients for longer durations and hourly
inspection of the patients also requires a higher operational budget for the institute.

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Conclusion
This assignment is based on the quality improvement proposal. It has identified the problems in
the healthcare sector that needs to be addressed, and has also analyzed need for intervention for
mitigating issues that have arisen. This assignment has also elaborated on the findings of the
proposed interventions. The intervention plan, along with specific timeline of its implementation
and responsibilities. These are needed to assist by service care providers, has been elaborated in
this report. The transformational leadership theory, which will increase moral values, has also
been discussed in this study. The study has also identified the various stakeholders of the nursing
institution, which are students, patients, employers, physicians, government, pharmaceutical
firms, and insurance companies. This study has also provided the management process of the
nursing organizations; for example, nurses must not leave the hospital until the nurse of the next
shift arrives and takes over the responsibility of the patient. The resources which are efficiently
required for balancing the inputs are described in the study. These are necessary for providing
health services to individuals are also illustrated in this assignment. The evaluation plan of the
nursing institutes has also been discussed in this study with proper arguments and justifications.
Recommendation
The management of health care organization needs to arrange effective medical training session
for increasing the level of accountability among the health care workers. In that case, the hospital
authority should appoint experienced nurses who can take care of their patients (Willett & Lee,
2018). The stated plans can be implemented in nursing, so the nurses need to focus on the
clinical documentation, and they should keep an hourly check on the condition of the patients.
Environmental risks also increase the chance of falling and to oppose that cleaning environment
should be kept clean and obstacle-free so that people with weaker vision do not fall on the
ground (Meeks et al. 2016). The nurses should also maintain regular communication with the
patients, and they should meet the expectations of the patients, py providing accurate service.
However, the management can reduce the rate of patient falling by following suggestions:
 The hospital management should recruit efficient health care workers to keep safe the
patients

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 Cleaning supervisor should pay attention on work activities
 The bed of patients should be protected with steel rods to avoid sleep falling.

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