Table of Contents MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1 1.1 Children Development...........................................................................................................1 1.2 Different Areas of Development and Their Interrelation......................................................6 1.3 Reasons of variation in the sequence and rate of development.............................................7 2.1 Impact of Positive and Negative Environment on Development of Child............................7 2.2 Way to Create the Positive Environment for Childcare.........................................................8 3.1 Description on importance of communicating with children and young people to support development................................................................................................................................8 3.2Definemethodsofcommunicationwithbabiesandyoungchildrentosupport development.................................................................................................................................9 4.1 Explain support babies and young children, social and emotional, language and intellectual development through activities....................................................................................................9 REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10
MAIN BODY 1.1 Children Development AgePhysicalSocial and Emotional Cognitiveď‚·Languag e 0-1 monthď‚·Reactto pain ď‚·Endogenou s smile ď‚·No developme nt ď‚·Sense the touch ď‚·different movement ď‚·Assimilation and accommodation ď‚·the objects child can'tseethat does not exist ď‚·puteverything in mouth ď‚·the behaviour is solitaryand exploring ď‚· ď‚·No develop ments only cry onpain and rough handling by others. ď‚· 1-2 Monthď‚·Eye follows theobjects infrontof eye ď‚·can't balance head 2-4 Monthď‚·Eye follows theobjects infrontof eye ď‚·Rollfrom stomachto back ď‚·Sitwith Support ď‚·Smileson different movement 4-6 Monthď‚·Switchthe objectfrom one hand to another hand ď‚·Feels uncomforta ble in hand of strangers ď‚·Start creating babble sound 6-9 Monthď‚·Start garbingthe ď‚·Enjoysthe peek-ks- ď‚·Repetiti ve 1
objects with full fist ď‚·holdthe objectsfor supportto walk. ď‚·Crawl ď‚·standwith support ď‚·walkwith supportof furniture. ď‚·fearof falling develops. boo ď‚·andstart responding different activityby smiling, cryingand babbling respondi nglike mama, Dada. 1 Yearď‚·Start patting photosin thebooks and documents ď‚·can separate the cubes ď‚·walk ď‚·try to climb stairswith crawling ď‚·kickand throwthe balls ď‚·Anxietyon separation with parents and relatives. ď‚·Depended inthe parents. ď‚·Observe the gaming and startsto play parallel. ď‚·Achieveobject accessing ď‚·Can speak 10 words. 2 Yearď‚·Copiestheď‚·Selfishandď‚·Aworldofď‚·Useof 2
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linesof others ď‚·stakessix cubes ď‚·trytowalk backside. ď‚·Try to climb ď‚·ascends and descends the stairs ď‚·runs ď‚·canmove doorknob and open the jars ď‚·high activity level ď‚·startaiming and throwing the objects. self centered. ď‚·Imitates mannerism and activities ď‚·maybe aggressive ď‚·Nocould bethe favorite word. objects ď‚·use the symbols ď‚·moveswith different objects. ď‚·More egocentric ď‚·move objects for purpose pronoun s ď‚·parents ď‚·understa nds more ď‚·telegrap hic sentence s ď‚·usetwo sentence s ď‚·uses more than 250 words. ď‚·The speech canbe understa ndsby stranger s. 3- Yearsď‚·Copiesthe people around. ď‚·Stakenine cubes ď‚·canride tricycle ď‚·Can play in group ď‚·fixed gender identity. ď‚·Sex- specific ď‚·Repeat 3 digits ď‚·point and count 2 or 3 objects. ď‚·Cannamethe color. ď‚·Speak complet e sentence s ď‚·uses around 3
ď‚·usethe stairsin adult manner. ď‚·Runs ď‚·Can cut the paperwith scissors. ď‚·Managethe toileting. ď‚·Catches ballswith arms. play ď‚·understands taking turns. ď‚·Knows own genderand name. 900 hundred words. ď‚·Underst ands four times of speak words. ď‚·Stranger can understa ndtheir languag e. ď‚·Recogn izethe common objects in picture. 4 Yearď‚·Copies square ď‚·groom self ď‚·hops on one foot ď‚·caneasily climb stairs ď‚·throwthe objects overhead. ď‚·Imitation of adult roles. ď‚·Playing the doctor- patient games. ď‚·Nightmares and fear of monster. ď‚·Repeatfour digits ď‚·identifythe body parts. ď‚·Cantell a story ď‚·uses proposit ion ď‚·uses plurals. ď‚·Compou nd sentence 4
Develop an imaginary friend. s. 5 YearsCopiesa square partially dressed self complete sphincter control catchesball withtwo hands. Conformity topeers importance. Romantic feelings for others. Oedipal phases. Count10 objects perfectly Ask meaning of words. Abstract words elusive. 6-12 YearCopies Triangle. Copies diamonds prints letters ties shoes draws recognizable manwith head,body and limbs. Boysare heavier than girls. Permanent teeth. Skipswith “Rulesof thegame” are key organized sports possible. Being team member focalfor many. separation of sexes. Sexual feelingnot apparent. Demonstrat ing Abstractform objects. Lawof conservation achieved. Adherenceto logic. Seriation no hypothetical mnemonic strategies. Personalsense ofrightand wrong. Shift from egocentr icto social and public speech. The incompl ete sentence s reduce. Vocabul ary expands to 50000 5
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alternative feet. ď‚·Ride bicycle. ď‚·Refined motor skills. ď‚·Gain athletic skills' coordination increased. competence is key. byage of 12 ď‚·identifie sright and left. 12ď‚·Adolescent growth spurt. ď‚·Onsetof sexual maturity ď‚·developmen t of primary and secondary sexual characteristi cs. ď‚·Identityis key issue. ď‚·Conformity ismost important. ď‚·Organized sports diminish for many. ď‚·Cross gender relationship . ď‚·Abstractfrom abstraction. ď‚·Systematic problem solving strategies. ď‚·Canhandle hypothetical. ď‚·Deals with past presentand future. ď‚·Adopts personal speech patterns. ď‚·Commu nication becomes focus of relations hips. 1.2 Different Areas of Development and Their Interrelation The different areas of the development are physical, social, emotional, intellectual and moral development. The development of children is divided in the five parts and these all types of the development are interconnected with each other. The physical development is connected with all other kind of development (Havnes and Mogstad, 2015). Is the child in not physically developed, then it will difficult to develop in emotionally and social which further related to 6
intellectual and moral development. For the social and intellectual development the emotional development is needed must because without emotional development it is hard to connect with others in the society. Moral development is needed for the social, intellectual and emotional development. This is how the different kind of developments are interconnected with each others (Deater-Deckard and Panneton, 2017). 1.3 Reasons of variation in the sequence and rate of development The development of child is influenced by different factors which can vary the sequence ofdevelopmentinachild(Thompson,2018).Thisfactorsareenvironmental,familial, geographic and social economic status. This factors can affect the development of the child by different reasons. The family is the most important factor in the child development. The environment and behavior of the family can influence the development of the child. The geographic conditions can affect the development of child by factors like temperature, humidity and other condition. Economy status of family is directly related to the nutrition provided to the child. Good nutrition can make the growing process better and less nutritious diet of child can slow down the development process. The social status of family can influence the emotional and moral development of child by providing different social rituals (Freud, 2018). 2.1 Impact of Positive and Negative Environment on Development of Child The environment around the children may have impact on different areas of development. The positive environment develops good things in a child which are good for their future. Positive environment can help to develop the child in emotional, social, moral and intellectual manner. Positive environment helps the child to grow in better condition which helps them to grow emotionally strong and with moral values. The negative environment can harm the development of the child. Bad environment stops or slow down the speed of the development and this can lead to mental or emotional distress. Bad environment reduces the growth of the child and affect the different areas of personality of child (Moore, 2017). Impact of Positive Environment on Child Development The meaning of the positive environment is the overall set up around the children that have a structure or routine in which the children can depend on secure environment. The positive environment helps the children to grow fast in good manner. This can develop confidence in children. Positive environment develops good relationship with others in social platforms. This 7
can also develop the decision making in the children. This can help the parents to ensure the growth in every field of development. Impact of Negative Environment on Children The environment is consists of the family and bonding, physical environment, financial background, health and nutrition and learning. This all together develop the environment around the child and if any one of this field in not good, can affect the development of child. The bad family bonding can cause emotional problem in the child that can lead to mental diseases or disorders. The financial background can affect the need of the children and their satisfaction related their needs. Health and nutrition is depended on the financial condition. This can affect physical growth of the child. When all this factors are not good it can affect learning and development of child. 2.2 Way to Create the Positive Environment for Childcare There are different ways to develop positive environment to ensure the right development of child. These methods can make the environment good for the child which can improve the development of child. By removing the clutter to make them feel orderliness in the environment. By ensuring their comfort level can help to create the positive environment (Keenan, Evans and Crowley, 2016). By ensuring the Healthy and safety around the child can be good to develop the positive environment.By supporting them in moral and emotional way can help to develop their emotional and social behavior. Therefore, it can be stated that the happy environment relay on the secure environment. With the help of developing the positive environment it will be helpful to develop them more confident. By showing the gratitude towards the child and ensuring the positive thinking aids to creates positive impact over the child. Hence, there are generally three categories are falling to create positive environment for the child care and defined as- Good relationship-By building positive relationship with child and to understand them at each aspect helps to create positive environment for the child. Clear communication-It is crucial it is very important to set clear communication between the parents and children. Trust-By creating the trust over the child, it can be possible to make better and effective decision. However, it can be stated that the enabling environment plays the crucial role in terms to support the children learning and to develop best caring. 8
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3.1 Description on importance of communicating with children and young people to support development. Good communication is one of the effective central working with children, young people, their families and careers. This is fundamental part of common core. This is very crucial for parents to communicate with their children in openly and effectively. In order to build rapport with children and young people, it is significant to demonstrate, undertaking, respect and honesty (Language Development In Children,2019.). Therefore, continuity in relationship promotes engagement and other improvement of lives. Hence, the principles of relationship building with children and adults are to have the use of effective communication. Thus, better communication with children leads to have their own social development. This is assistive in terms to build good relationship with staff. Furthermore, to build better and effective relationship with children it is crucial to adapt behaviour and communication accordingly. Thus, children of different ages requires varying level of attention. Hence, it can be stated that effective communication is important in terms to develop positive and better relationship with child and young people to communicate effectively as they grow. 3.2 Define methods of communication with babies and young children to support development. Communicationskillsarecriticaltothechild'sdevelopment.Therefore,good communicationaidstoengagedinsocialization.Therearethefollowingmethodsof communication for child as- Expressive communication- The methods of expressive communication will be inclusive of speaking, signing, gesturing, pointing and crying. Receptive communication-It is term in which someone interprets or understands a sender communication. However, listening and skills are few examples of this communication method. Pre symbolic and non symbolic communication- Under it, there is no shared meaning for others. There will be using of communication as cry, laugh, reach as a way of communicating the thoughts. For example- Babies may get hungry when they are hungry or reach for toy when they want to hold it. Symbolic communication- It involves the shared message between the sender and receiver. However,itincludesspeech,signlanguage,tactilecommunicationsystemandpicture communication system etc. 9
4.1 Explain support babies and young children, social and emotional, language and intellectual development through activities. Child social emotional development motivates them to learn critical skills as ability to communicates, connect with others and to take initiatives to resolve with other conflicts, self regulate and cope with challenges. In the early childhood, children experience the earliest year affect that how their brain works, responds to stress and to form trusting relationship (What is Social Emotional Development and Why is it Important in Early Childhood?,2018). Therefore, it is crucial to enhance their intellectual skills with help of cognitive activities as it is the mental process through which child can make the sense of world around them and can able to experience the environment. Hence, the example of cognitive activities are as reasoning, thinking, perceiving, listening, observing and decision making. These are the crucial skills that enables children to process sensory information and eventually learn to evaluate, analyse, remember and to make the comparison and understand the cause and effect.In this, it can be statethatsocialdevelopmentincludestheexperienceofthechild,theirexpressionand management of emotions and ability that aids to establish positive and rewarding better and effective relationship with the others. Thus, child social emotional developments motivates them to learn the critical skill and ability to communicate and to connect with the others. However, it can be truce to stated without the cognitive, emotional, social and self control activity in the classroom the learning within the individual cannot be occur. Thus, the language used by the adults affects the cognitive growth and learning of the children and it is one of the foster process of conceptual development. Hence, development and early learning within the child can be supported as child develops and also enhance their future learning. 10
REFERENCES Books and Journals Deater-Deckard, K.D. and Panneton, R., 2017.Parental Stress and Early Child Development. Springer. Freud, A., 2018. Stages of development. InThe Harvard Lectures(pp. 65-78). Routledge. Havnes, T. and Mogstad, M., 2015. Is universal child care leveling the playing field?.Journal of public economics.127.pp.100-114. Keenan, T., Evans, S. and Crowley, K., 2016.An introduction to child development. Sage. Moore, R.C., 2017.Childhood's domain: Play and place in child development. Routledge. Singer, E., 2017.Child-care and the psychology of development. Routledge. Thompson, R.H., 2018.The handbook of child life: A guide for pediatric psychosocial care. Charles C Thomas Publisher. Online What is Social Emotional Development and Why is it Important in Early Childhood?. 2018. [Online] Available through : <https://blog.schoolspecialty.com/what-is-social-emotional- development-and-why-is-it-important-in-early-childhood/> LanguageDevelopmentInChildren.2019.[Online]Availablethrough: <https://childdevelopmentinfo.com/child-development/language_development/ #.XL2lUnUzY8o>. 11