Life Course Approaches to Health, Wellbeing and Ageing: A Critical Discussion

This report discusses the challenges faced by aged people and the role of psycho-social factors in creating a better impact on health, wellbeing, and illness. It explores the concept of successful ageing and the various factors that contribute to it. The report also highlights the importance of identifying the process of recognition of healthy ageing and identifying the influential factors in healthy ageing at each stage of life.

“Everyone can age
successfully”
A critical discussion

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Health and wellbeing are defined as the absence of physical illness, disease and mental
condition. This all are play positive impact in the health wellbeing. As per this, they are usually
focus on the various aspect of health and wellbeing which is focus on the various achievement
and maintenance which is follow the physical and mental stability of individual. This is approach
which is based on the various core practice which is follow and taken as the defined and goof
definition of health and wellbeing. In this, the health and wellbeing are defined as the approach
which is based on the quality of life and play fundamental precondition which is used to follow
and play vital learning and development. Active core participation which helps to show the
engagement which is based on the learning. Moreover, they used to focus with the various
positive aspect which could not take and show the better experience that include education and
so on. When the discussed of wellbeing and health is shifted towards the ageing people, the
condition of being well and resilience may affect. In this report, the discussion is based on
various type of challenge which is faced by aged people. As per this, the role of psycho social
factor is used to create a better impact on the health, wellbeing and illness by the various of co
factor which may affect the life course (Agnihotri and et. al., 2019).
MAIN BODY
Ageing is defined as turning as per the year in the age with the change in mental and
physical abilities. As per this, the ageing well is defined as the contributing in the nature of
vibrant, through the provoking, and with meaning full interaction. In this, it is also state some of
the approach which hard to get in isolation but they are much more readily realised in the vibrant
community which is basically surrounded by the peers and supported by the time of caring staff
and so on. Moreover, they are used to focus on the various point which enable the health and
wellbeing in the various age or when the individual turns into the core of ageing as per the
change in physical and emotional factors. As per this, independence is taken as the hallmark
which is define the successful ageing is the ability to manage the factor of the one’s life
independently (Badhiwala and et. al., 2020).
Moreover, when a older person ability to create can make own decision and act with a
defining characteristic which is associated with the wellness who is living well. In this, as per the
successful ageing, the require physical and mental wellness are key metric which is show the

definition of successful ageing. In this, there are number of people who used to report about the
psychological well-being which is becoming serious and intense debate in public health which is
based on policy and in economic, which help to improve the well-being of population which is
an emerging key societal aspiration. As per this, the commission of the measurement of
economic performance and social progress are used taken in such a way which help to initiate
with help to French government and chairperson Joseph take a accountability by creating the
argument which is based on the various measurement such as domestic product which is not
appropriate as indicator of the progress of society. After a close analysis, the finding arrive in
this is to create the psychological well-being and health which is closely related with each other.
In this, this is also linked with the older people. The major challenge which is faced by older
people in there is prevalent of chronic illness with the advancement of age (Cosco and et. al.,
2017).
The life expectancy is relatively enhancing and treatment for the life-threatening issue or
disease become more effective, the issue which is help to indicate show various evaluation which
based on the quality of life which is affected by the person state of mind in the older age. Studies
of older people used to indicate that the evaluation of the quality of life is affected due the person
stage of health. Moreover, with the aspect of finding which is shared that the population is being
enhanced due to the psychological well-being which is affected by several factor which is other
than health. There are number of materials which is taken in this and cause condition of social
and family relationship, as per this social role and activities, and various factor which required
change with age. As per this, they are focus on the various perspective which used to make
argument which is based on the growing effect of well-being which is associated with the
psychological wellbeing which may even. This is also used to stated that the psychological
wellbeing is being take which is address various measure the evaluation of heath that is being
considered in the perspective of health which is act as resource allocation. There is various
theory which is helpful to analyse the factor which is based on the biomedical theory which help
to define the successful ageing which have defined optimisation which show the life expectancy
which help to minimise the physical and mental impairment and disability (Gorczyca and et. al.,
2018).
This model is used to focus on the absence of chronic disease which is associated with
the various risk factor for disease. The division of the individual on the basis of diseased and

normal fail to find the vast heterogeneity within the various group and community. As per this,
the difference between usually ageing which state about some of the normal decline in the
physical, social and cognitive functioning is analyse as per this stage with the age, and this is
heightened by factor which is extrinsic factor and successful ageing in that some of the loss
which is recognised such as functional loss include little or no age related decrement in the
aspect of physiological and cognitive functioning, with the level of extrinsic factor which is
playing positive and unbiased role. As per this, they are confirmed the three components of the
successful ageing as absence of avoidance of disease and risk factor which is associated with the
maintenance of physical and cognitive functioning and active engagement with the peripheral of
life. There are some of research which state about the model which include various type of
psychological components which help to build the interdisciplinary model which is still rare.
This model is act as approaches which fail to address the implication of the fact that the disease
which is free older age which is unrealistic for the number of people (Kvarnström and et. al.,
2018).
As per the brief discussion, this is well analysing that the model widely focus on the
absence of disease and used to maintain the physical and mental approach which act as key
function which have shown the ageing in successful way which include socio-psychological
model which help to emphasis the satisfaction to the life and show the social contribution and
function. As per the theoretical mean, the main constituent which make the successful ageing
which show some of the definition such as life expectancy, life satisfaction and well-being which
help to include happiness and contentment, moreover, they focus on the mental and
psychological health, cognitive function. The personal growth and functioning which is show the
independent functioning. However, the psychological characteristic which is associated with
some of the autonomy, control, independence, coping, self-esteem and goal. In this, the social,
community, leisure activities, integration and cope of participation with social network, suport
and activity is also included (Marques and et. al., 2019).
Some of the additional lay definition accomplishment, enjoyment of diet, financial
security, neighbourhood, physical appearance, productivity and contribution to the life, sense of
humour, sense of purpose and spirituality. In this, mistreatment and abuse are the major problem
which is expected with the core concept of biology which show the elderly sometime it become
physical frail. Moreover, the frailty renders them to build the effective cause of dependent to

others on the care and sometime they used to create the factor or for assistance with the functions
which is include eating and toileting. They are usually depending on others for the care in which
they need a person for their activity which can be managed by themselves (McInnes and et. al.,
2021). In this, it helps to make the situation providing with the care situation which is more
complex. As per this, the elder abuse is the major challenge which is also analysed in the centre
of care take or in homes. Moreover, elder abuse is usually occurred when the caretaker is used to
conduct the deprives an older person of care which can harm the person in this or her charge.
Caregiver are usually from the family member, relatives, friends, relatives and health
professional or employee of senior housing or the nursing care. Moreover, this is analysed that
the elderly faced more abuse and they are subjected for various type of abuse.
When taking the aspect of everyone can ageing successfully, then it is used to show
various challenges and problems which can create hindrance in order to develop the efficiency
and effective approach for the ageing. Moreover, there are various problems which is arrived due
to the consequences which is performed in the older age. The elder peoples are usually face is a
various type of issues which is related with the independence activities and various problem
which is usually occur in the situation of older age. Moreover, the abuse and mistreatment are
normal at the age of 65 and more. In this, the conditions become critical when the caregiver used
to not provide appropriate and functional behaviour with the individual and create the risk of
various complexity (Meehan and et. al., 2020).
Person used to develop in their certain stages with their appropriate achievement. This is
well defined that with the dominance of each stage. Usually, the person is get affected by the
previous stage. In addition to this, this all stages are mixed together to create a factor which can
affect the psychological viewpoint of the individual who is elder in age. According to the various
factor, there are some challenges which are associated with the causative factor which can create
the influence on healthy aging. Moreover, the depression and health status are the major
consequences which is true progress in order to integrate the activities which is influential on the
healthy aging as a beneficial factor. Moreover, this is also affecting the older age people's quality
of life because it is usually influenced by the individual life style of an adult and preparation for
the various faces which is undertaken during adulthood. Because of such preparations the quality
of life is usually become crucial and play a health-related attitude, relevant education, and more
play an important role from the age of childhood. Therefore, it is very important to identify the

process of recognition of healthy aging and identify the influential factor in healthy aging at each
stage of life. Moreover, by taking the aspect of healthy aging or the individual at elder age
become healthy by processing or by optimising opportunities in order to improve and perceive
physical social and mental independence and quality of life which help to enhance a successful
life course transition. In this, a very close definition which include the physical psychological
social and emotional well-being of older adults are usually influence due to the destruction of
freedom and independence. In this, there are some activities such as activating successful aging,
positive ageing and productive ageing are used to indicate the individual ability to cope with the
healthy aging. For example, there are various individuals who used to state that the successful
aging with healthy aging required happiness and a goal and preparation to achieve the older age
with a healthy aim of which is considered as a series of progress. This is predominantly helpful
in order to prepare and create the concept which is mentally create a stability in order to put the
routine of daily living consideration which is adopted with the older age in order to maintain
autonomy and independence towards the successful aging (Mikkelsen and et. al., 2018).
With this, many people are used to perform well and give independently into the various
advanced old-age measure active healthiness, chronic disease and disability which is play a vital
role in the factor for the later life. Therefore, there is a core social policy which help to prioritise
in many formulations of countries which contain the health and social care cost which is
associated with the later life through the promotion and maintenance of health in the population
of those who is become older. These policies have a major agenda to many faced in political
academic and popular in the terms of healthy aging with various scientific explanation. This is
analysed at the health psychology is related or concern with the human behaviour which is
related with the ageing. Moreover, there are various participation are being taken in order to
create the policy agenda which is regulated by government and private agencies. The health
psychology as a foundation with the base in evidences which shows that they have ability to save
the future discourse around healthy aging. However, with various social and cognitive scientists,
this is analysed that the health psychology has a main purpose to understand the perception and
perspectives of older people who used to take or to choose the healthy life which is play
empirical contribution on healthy aging in the field of health factors. As per this, the major
problems which is arises in the psychology to understand the perception and perspectives of the
older people because it is difficult at that particular age to understand the psychosocial factor

which is most adopted by the older people in their age. Sometime, they used to focus on the
family and then relatives and after a time, they are become so vibrant and they used to focus on
the friends and spend their time from the outside of home (Strother and et. al., 2021).
Now a days the current method which is used to indicate the on satisfied with the basic
necessities of life is usually faced by adding peoples another segment. This is well defined that
there is a desire to maintain their current life style complete with all their usual social and mental
activities which is useful to the oldest people for a healthy life with the healthy aging. In this, the
healthy aging is become successful when the absence of disease or infirmity is to be evaluated
and analyse. This is also including physical, mental, and social well-being among the older
people. As per this, this help to play a vital role in the development of essential psychological
factors for the psycho-social factor which is create and active behaviour towards the community
and social group for a successful aging or psychosocial wellbeing which is focus on the mental
ill health.
The process of aging into the elderly years which is up to 65 and older are usually involve a
number of progressive psychological changes in which the psychosocial behaviour is also
changed within various contacts, which provide appropriate and relate it issues which is based on
the psychological behaviour. In this, such issues are usually including open with minimise in
physical and functional abilities. The changing of social relationship and responsibilities and
dealing with multiple losses are usually go the elder people and the various psychosocial factors.
As per time, this is also analysed that the individual with an increasing number of stress and
adjustment under the people strive to maintain a sense of purpose and well-being which followed
a basic resilience which is helpful to create a relative approach and a familiar to the everyone.
They used to provide information related with their experience and they deal with every stress
and frustration and on the new generation. Moreover, the discussion is usually including with the
life satisfaction marriage retirement and so on (Whittaker and et. al., 2019).
All the factors which are mentioned above are usually affect the healthy ageing and the
correlation with each other. As per this, it is also analysed that there is various variable are used
to measure and provide accountability. As per this, the successful aging is a basic necessities and
essential view point for the older people in which there are various challenges and their
recommendation will discuss in order to prevent and the consequences which can result in the
failure of aging. In this, the psychosocial factors is also play a vital important role in order to

develop a quality life and quality of care with respect of health psychology. In this living with
the family and relatives is useful approach for the older people in order to create a wellbeing and
resilience because, this is helpful for the older people to live their life with the family and
relatives to create a positive aspect for the life expectancy (You and et. al., 2021).
Psychosocial factors refers to a characteristics which can influence an individual socially or
psychologically. These are the factor that can describe an individual about their social
environment that how those factor can impact their mental and physical health. The psycho
social factors includes loneliness, marriage status, work environment, social integration, social
support, hopelessness, hostility, stress, hopelessness, depression, job control which can be
associated with mental and physical health and can lead to create illness or impact individual
wellbeing. There are some of the role of psychosocial factor are going to be discussed further.
Psychosocial factor which can impact individuals life and have an important role in getting age
successfully. Every individual have the life circle where they grow from childhood to adulthood
and then adulthood to old age and this process is called age. There are various psychosocial
factor which create an impact on health illness and wellbeing throughout life, where each
character have an important role within impacting individuals mental or physical health diseases
and their wellbeing (Lin, and et. al., 2018).
Loneliness is psychological factors which have drastic impact on individual life. When
people get lonely and having no any people to share with their feelings and to talk with them,
then in such condition, individual can get depressed and not having anybody to share their
feeling which create mental illness. This is a condition where people get lonely and like to share
their feelings and some part of activity but due to not having anyone they feel lonely and can get
mental illness and impact their mental state. Loneliness have the impact of mental status which is
related with mental health and impact wellbeing. This could also get worse with time and create
chronic illness within individual and needed for healthcare support. In this to age successful,
there is need for some other partner or any individual who can be anyone to share with their
feelings or their activity and many more. This can help them to get over through the loneliness
and have a balanced mental health to get age successfully (Russell, and et. al., 2019).
Work environment have also an important role to age successfully where due to having
healthy environment, people spend their working time successfully and easily without getting
any stress. Due to positive work environment, people feel better and can spent there one of the

big part of their life successfully and can lead to age successfully. Many individual spend one
fourth of their age at a working environment where positive work environment are highly
effective rather than negative one. Negative work environment can lead to create health-related
problem due to stress workload and many more. So, positive working environment have high
impact to expand one fourth of their lifetime successfully. This allows them to age successfully
without getting any negative mental impact illness or wellbeing (Brooks, and et. al., 2018).
Every individual have their own problem in their life, through which they are going. In this,
people need support either physical, emotional or economical. This support are highly required
to get over through any situation which can be negative for any individual. When an individual is
not able to overcome from their problem and taking stress regarding their problem, then it may
lead to create depression over time. Depression refers to one of the most common mental health
illness within individual. This can impact immune system and may leads to cancer, heart disease,
hypertension and many other medical condition which can impact individual health and
wellbeing. This can also lead to chronic illness (Isik, and et. al., 2019). Depression is the one
which have negative impact on mental health and there could be many negative impact on
individual. It can either influence to stay alone and not getting social with anyone or either it
could lead to suicidal thought. This is not good for any individual and can have negative impact
on health and can create risk of life. So, individual should overcome through depression by
getting support from either family members or any healthcare professional who can provide
better care and support and help to overcome through depression. This can highly effective for
better and improved health and allowed to age successfully. Individual need to age successfully,
where depression plays an important role and should not impact individual due to any reason
(Whitaker, and et. al., 2018).
Hopelessness is one of the main reason which can lead to create depression within an
individual which is related with mental health issue. Mental health is related with health-related
problem and can impact their wellbeing and needed better care and support. They need better
treatment or healthcare professional support. This can help in getting better lifestyle and
overcome through hopelessness. This allow to live life happily and effectively and individual can
age successfully (Evanoff, and et. al., 2020).
Stress plays an important role in age successfully. Any individual with stress can have the
higher chance of getting various medical condition like arrhythmia, back pain, headache, ulcer,

difficult breathing, suppression of immune system, fluctuation in blood glucose level within
diabetic patients and many more. So, every individual need to ensure that they should not take
any type of stress which have negative impact on their health and wellbeing. This can lead to
create illness within them that can be chronic. Due to having stress, people can not able to get
age successfully and to get over through this, it is highly recommended to effectively deal with
stress for their age successfully (Northwood, and et. al., 2018).
CONCLUSION
Form above discussion, it can be concluded that everyone can age successfully. For this it
is needed to evaluate various challenges and face them effectively within society that can help to
achieve this target of getting age successfully. There are various psychosocial factor that have
the role to impact physical or mental health along with well-being. These have also significance
to create chronic illness within individual and can impact their health and wellbeing. In this
essay, there is discussion about various challenges that can be face by an individual during an
aging society. There is also discussion about different psychosocial factors which are having
varios role and can impact individual health and their wellbeing. They can have also impact to
create chronic illness within individual where individual need to face this psychosocial factor
effectively and can age successfully.

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