Life Cycle Analysis and Energy Efficiency

This report compares how the life cycle analysis for two commonly used devices differ. The devices are normally used in the kitchen for domestic cooking. The report outlines the procedures followed when conducting the analysis and highlights the key issues or problems of interest. The analysis is conducted using an application known as GaBi.

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LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT
Name of student:
Name of Institution:
Date:

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Executive Summary
This report compares how the life cycle analysis for two commonly used devices differ. The
devices are normally used in the kitchen for domestic cooking. In Australia, these two appliances
are used in most homesteads. However, the paper identifies the need to conduct this analysis as it
forms the basis of decision making on which appliance to purchase. This analysis should follow
the International Organization of Standards (ISO), an organization that sets standards on the rules
to follow internationally when carrying out such exercises (Aven, 2011).
This report summarizes the different aspects of the appliances. It outlines the procedures
followed when conducting the analysis. The report starts by examining the benefits of his
analysis as well as elaborating its context. To help address the questions raised exhaustively, the
report highlights the key issues or problems of interest. This way, the analysis would be more
specific to certain aspects other than addressing areas that are not really important. Just to
mention a few areas, the report covers the area of service selected and explains why it was
selected. The recommended procedure for conducting a life cycle analysis as recommended by
the International Organization of Standards is also outlined to carry out the life cycle analysis.
Introduction
Research has shown that the larger population in the country engage in domestic cooking. Due to
the fact that a majority go for work during the day, the research found that the meal commonly
cooked at home by the majority is dinner. The main argument is that the food cooked at home is
tastier than that bought from the outsets.

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This report compares two appliances commonly used for cooking by a majority of households in
Australia. The appliances are the Liquefied Petroleum Gas cylinder and a 4 Burner Gas Stove.
The effectiveness of these two appliances is compared. This is done by conducting a life cycle
analysis for the appliances.
Some of the main reasons why this it is important to conduct a life cycle analysis are that it helps
in assessing the environmental impact of the product as well as the cost of the product. Also, the
life cycle analysis may be conducted to support marketing claims and to improve the public
image for the product. Based on the results of this analysis, the manufacturer is able to identify
some of the key performance indicators for the product.
The life cycle analysis for these two products are is conducted using an application known as
GaBi. The findings of this analysis form the basis of decision making on which of the two
products should be preferred over the other. The product with the most favorable features as per
the results of the analysis is recommended. The most preferred appliance should have a minimal
negative impact on the environment. It should have very minimal quantities of carbon emissions
into the atmosphere.
Problem Statement
Service Wanted
Domestic cooking has been selected for this report since it is a common practice among many
Australians. A comparison is therefore done on the efficiency of the two selected cooking

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appliances. A life cycle analysis is conducted for both the appliances and the results recorded.
Both appliances require energy to operate.
The Two alternatives
A Liquefied Petroleum Gas cylinder and a 4 Burner Gas Stove are selected. An analysis is done
to these two appliances using the GaBi application and the results compared against each other.
Both appliances use gas energy. This form of energy is considered to be a factor than the
traditional methods of cooking. It is also more economical and has fewer carbon emissions to the
(Leeuwen, et al., 2017).
Why Choose this Problem?
Since a very big portion of the population engages in domestic cooking using the said appliances,
it is therefore important to critically analyze the efficiency of the appliances. If not done right,
the otherwise well-intended practice might turn to be a big threat to the environment and
economy in general.

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The Recommended Procedure by International Organization of Standards to conduct Life
Cycle Analysis
According to ISO, there are four main phases involved during this analysis. (Bcorporation.net,
2009). The charts below summarize the process.
Comparison
4 Burner Gas Stove LPG Gas Cylinder
Estimated weight 38 kilograms 9 kilograms
Dimensions 60 millimeters by 60
millimeters
Approximately 315 mm
diameter, 625 mm in height
Functional Unit 30-40 minutes to prepare fish Less than 20 minutes as per
the manual
Life Cycle Analysis Process
Step 1: Goals
and Scoping
Environmental,
economic and
social aspects
Step 2: Life
Cycle Inventory
Inputs and
outputs
Step 3: Impact
Assessment
Assess aspects such as
toxicity and
acidification.
Step 4: Interpretation
Impact data analysis

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Impact Analysis

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Hot spot Identification
A Liquefied Petroleum Gas cylinder produces more toxic gases like carbon dioxide than the 4
Burner Gas Stove. The gases can lead to the depletion of the ozone layer as well as cause climate
change. Therefore, a Liquefied Petroleum Gas cylinder is not sustainable enough.
Remedial Measures
There should be a controlled use of a Liquefied Petroleum Gas cylinder. People should be
encouraged to use the 4 Burner Gas Stove because it is less toxic. The impact analysis
demonstrates that the 4 Burner Gas Stove is more sustainable than the Liquefied Petroleum Gas
cylinder in the long run.

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Best alternative
The best alternative is the 4 Burner Gas Stove. A 4 Burner Gas Stove is the best alternative
because it produces fewer toxic gases. A 4 Burner Gas Stove does not process much dangerous
gases that might cause depletion of the ozone layer or climate change.
References
Apo News, 2012. Green Productivity: The carbon footprint and LED lighting technology.
Aven, T., 2011. On the new ISO guide on risk management terminology. Reliability Engineering
& System Safety, July, 96(7), pp. 719-726.
Bcorporation.net, 2009. Conducting a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), s.l.: s.n.

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Bunnings Warehouse, n.d. [Online]
Available at: https://www.bunnings.com.au/diy-advice/home-improvement/lighting/how-to-
choose-energy-saving-light-bulbs
Burkharda, B., Kroll, F., Nedkov, S. & Müllera, F., 2012. Mapping ecosystem service supply,
demand, and budgets. Ecological Indicators, October, Volume 21, pp. 17-29.
Griggs, D. et al., 2013. Sustainable development goals for people and planet. 20 March, Volume
495, p. 305–307.
Lee, T.-L., Xiao, X.-H. & He, L., 2009. LED lamp. 4 August.
Leeuwen, V., Richenda, Evans, A. & Hyseni, B., 2017. Increasing the use of liquefied petroleum
gas in cooking in developing countries, s.l.: s.n.
Lim, S.-R., Kang, D., Ogunseitan, O. A. & Schoenung, J. M., 2012. Potential Environmental
Impacts from the Metals in Incandescent, Compact Fluorescent Lamp (CFL), and Light-Emitting
Diode (LED) Bulbs. 13 December.
McCrindle, 2017. Australia's Cooking Landscape, s.l.: s.n.
Morejon, I. J., Zhai, J. & Thong Bui. ".", i. O. 1. 2., 2009. High-efficiency incandescent bulb
replacement lamp. 13 October.

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ENERGY EFFICIENCY
Executive Summary
In the current world, there is a shared need to drastically reduce the cost of living in all aspects of
life. The energy sector is one of the key areas of interest when cost reduction is concerned.
Organization and households are constantly adopting creative and innovative ways of reducing

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the cost of energy consumed within their premises. Energy saving light bulbs are some of the
most commonly used devices to reduce the cost of energy consumed in an environment.
This paper conducts an analysis to selected three sources of lighting. The analysis is focusing on
specific aspects of the devices. Some of the aspects under consideration include the efficiency of
the bulb, its cost, usage. The energy consumption levels are also a major area of interest for the
report.
Environmental conservation is one of the main areas of interest for most countries across the
world. Because of this, it is important to evaluate the environmental effect associated with the
use of the selected world. Regulation is important in a country. This paper, therefore, expounds
on the legal requirements set aside by the regulatory body in Australia in regards to energy
consumption in the country.
Three types of bulbs are selected for this analysis. The paper compares certain aspects of the
bulbs. Based on the research findings, the paper recommends the most convenient and efficient
type of bulb for households and organizations.
Problem Statement
With the growing population across the world, the resources available are becoming scarce day
by day. The use of chemicals that have high levels of carbon emissions to the atmosphere has
become a threat to the environment not only in Australia but also across the world. These reasons
and more informed the decision of the United Nations to challenge governments to their member
states to adopt sustainable development goals.

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The organization is running a campaign to encourage governments to align their development
goals to these sustainable development goals (Griggs, et al., 2013). The primary objective of this
initiative is to encourage the responsible bodies to implement projects that do not result in
depletion of resources when implemented. Rather, the projects should allow for minimal use of
available resources but instead maximize productivity and impact. These factors form the basis
of this research.
Comparison
The incandescent lighting bulbs, the compact fluorescent lights (CFLs), and the LED bulbs are at
the center of interest for this research. The report compares the cost, units consumed per hour,
the levels of carbon emissions to the atmosphere, lumens, the lifespans and the total number of
hours of operations for these types of bulbs. Table 1 records these aspects as per each type of
bulb. The sources of information recorded in the table include (Lim, et al., 2012), (Lee, et al.,
2009), (Apo News, 2012), (Bunnings Warehouse, n.d.), and (Morejon, et al., 2009).
Table 1
LED Globes Compact Fluorescent
Lights (CFLs) Bulbs
Incandescent Bulbs
Bulb Lifespan 10,000-50,000 hours 6,000-15,000 hours 1200 hours
Rate of carbon
emissions in
0.01825 4 grams/ 0.152083

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tones/year
Lumens
220
1300
4W
18W
5-7W
18-23W
25W
100W
The Cost of the Bulb $ 39.95-$99.95 $ 4 - $ 50 $ 3 - $ 45
Rate of Power
Consumption (W)
6 13-15 50
Units consumed per
Hour
0.006 0.004 0.05
Total hours of
operations per day
10 4-5 10
Energy Sources
Australia is one of the countries in the world with an abundance of both fossils and renewable
fuels. Some of the main sources of energy are coal, gas, crude oil, liquid petroleum gas,
condensate, geothermal energy, wind energy, solar energy, hydro energy, and bioenergy. These
sources of energy can be classified as either renewable or non-renewable energy. LED globes
use electric power. They are good energy saving bulbs are very efficient.
Advantages of LED globes over the other sources of light
LED globes have a relatively long lifespan compared to the other types of bulb. On average, a
bulb can last to as long as 50, 000 hours. This type of bubs has no mercury, neither do they have

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carbon. These bubs are way more efficient compared to the rest of the options. Their lack of the
two hazardous substances (mercury and carbon) make them very environmentally friendly. This
type of bulb is slightly more expensive in comparison to the rest of the options. However, they
offer value for money.
Selecting the state
I have selected Victoria
Regulatory Bodies in Victoria
In Australia, the government mandates the Australian Energy Regulator (AER) to regulate the
mass consumption of all forms of energy in the country. This body is mandated to protect the
interests of not only the citizens (consumers) as well as the suppliers. It licenses organizations to
supply energy after evaluating their compliance with the set regulations.
Conclusion
In conclusion, it is evident that there is a need to reduce the levels of energy consumption in
Australia. It is also necessary that we use devices that minimize environmental pollution and
carbon emissions to the environment. This way, the word, and the country would be a better
place to be. The use of LED Globes is one step towards achieving this goal.

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References
Apo News, 2012. Green Productivity: The carbon footprint and LED lighting technology.
Aven, T., 2011. On the new ISO guide on risk management terminology. Reliability Engineering
& System Safety, July, 96(7), pp. 719-726.
Bcorporation.net, 2009. Conducting a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), s.l.: s.n.

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Bunnings Warehouse, n.d. [Online]
Available at: https://www.bunnings.com.au/diy-advice/home-improvement/lighting/how-to-
choose-energy-saving-light-bulbs
Burkharda, B., Kroll, F., Nedkov, S. & Müllera, F., 2012. Mapping ecosystem service supply,
demand, and budgets. Ecological Indicators, October, Volume 21, pp. 17-29.
Griggs, D. et al., 2013. Sustainable development goals for people and planet. 20 March, Volume
495, p. 305–307.
Lee, T.-L., Xiao, X.-H. & He, L., 2009. LED lamp. 4 August.
Leeuwen, V., Richenda, Evans, A. & Hyseni, B., 2017. Increasing the use of liquefied petroleum
gas in cooking in developing countries, s.l.: s.n.
Lim, S.-R., Kang, D., Ogunseitan, O. A. & Schoenung, J. M., 2012. Potential Environmental
Impacts from the Metals in Incandescent, Compact Fluorescent Lamp (CFL), and Light-Emitting
Diode (LED) Bulbs. 13 December.
McCrindle, 2017. Australia's Cooking Landscape, s.l.: s.n.
Morejon, I. J., Zhai, J. & Thong Bui. ".", i. O. 1. 2., 2009. High-efficiency incandescent bulb
replacement lamp. 13 October.

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