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Life Sciences Workbook (doc)

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Added on  2021-07-09

Life Sciences Workbook (doc)

   Added on 2021-07-09

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Life Sciences WorkbookTo accompany RPL portfolio for Pg. Dip/MSc nursing programme.Candidate NameJhanneal WhyteCandidate CourseMental health NursingDate of completion09/07/211
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ContentsLife Sciences Workbook.................................................................1The Body Compartments, Cells and Homeostasis.........................4The Skin (Integumentary System), Wound Healing and Temperature Regulation.................................................................8The Musculo Skeletal System.......................................................13The Heart......................................................................................18The Blood and Blood Vessels.......................................................21The Respiratory System...............................................................25The Renal System, Fluid and Electrolytes....................................29The Gastro Intestinal System........................................................34The Nervous System....................................................................38The Endocrine System..................................................................41The Reproductive System.............................................................43Learning Resources......................................................................452
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Workbook on Body SystemsThe aim of this workbook is to enable our Pg Dip / MSc nursing applicants, who have been offered a place on the programme and who have not studied a health/science related degree before, to develop and enhance their knowledge of the structures and systems of the body. It is essential to have a good understanding of the anatomy and physiology of the body prior to commencing your programme of study as one of your modules will build upon this knowledge. The completed workbook must be submitted with your RPL portfolio as evidence that you have acquired this knowledge.You may use any resources you wish to help you with its completion and at the back of this workbook you will find a recommended reading list.3
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The Body Compartments, Cells and Homeostasis1)Define the following terms:- CellA cell is a small structured and functional unit of the body. Organ Click or tap here to enter text.SystemClick or tap here to enter text.Body compartments2)Identify the location of the following organs in the body cavities:SpinalcordVertebralLungsThoracic cavityKidneysLower abdominal cavityHeartThoracic cavityLiverAbdominal cavityStomachVentral cavity4
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Cells3)Insert the appropriate words in the blank spaces against the correct description below:-RibosomesMitochondriaNucleus Golgi apparatus CentriolesMitochondriais where production of energy in the form ofATP occursCentriolesare found near the nucleus and are involved in cell divisionRibosomesis an intracellular factory that manufacturesproteinGolgi aaratusis the processing and packaging station for the protein from the endoplasmic reticulum.Nucleusis essential for all cellular activities and contains genetic materials4)Insert the following appropriate words in the blank space against the correct description below:-OsmosisActive transportPinocytosisSimple diffusion LysosomesOsmosisis the movement of water through a semi permeable membrane from a region of low soluteActive transportis the movement of solutes/gas through a semi permeable membrane from a region of higher solute/gasPinocytosisis a mechanism by which cell membrane indents and actually engulf the substance 5
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to be absorbed into the cellSimple diffusionrequires energy derived from cellular chemical reactions to move molecules or ions against their concentration gradientLysosomecontains digestive enzymes which digest bacteria and cellular debris5)Which word fully describes the cell structure; please enter your response in the spaces provided under each heading?Cell structure LocationFunctionPlasma membraneForms the external boundary of cellsServes as a selectively permeable membrane which regulate material toand from the cell LysomeFound in the cytoplasmContains digestive enzymesMitochrondriaScattered throughout the cellsControl release of energyfrom food and forms ATPRibosomesFound in all cellsManufactures proteinNucleolusFound in the cytoplasmContains ribosomes and is involved in protein synthesis6)Describe the structure of the cell membraneCell membrane consist mainly of double layers of phospholip molecules that are align by chemical attractions. The phospholip molecules are designed with polar hydrophilic water head and two non polar hydrophobic water fearing tails. The membrane is formed with the heads face out and the tails face in forms a bilayerthat acts like fence. 7)Explain the function of the cell membraneClick or tap here to enter text.6
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8)Explain briefly what occurs during osmosis Osmosis is the passage of water from a region of high water concentration through a semi-permeable membrane to a region of low water concentration. This is basically done to re establish the equilibrium9)Explain how diffusion across the cell membrane occursClick or tap here to enter text.Homeostasis10)What are ‘receptors’?These are biological transducers that changes energy from both external and internal environments into elecetrical impulses. 11)What are the receptors that detect body temperature called? Thermoreceptor12) The ‘pathway’ that conveys messages towards the controlcentre is known as the Click or tap here to enter text.pathway. 13) The ‘pathway’ that conveys messages away from the control centre is known as the Click or tap here to enter text.pathway. 14) What are ‘effectors’?Click or tap here to enter text..15) The 2 most important systems involved in regulation and the maintenance of homeostasis are: 1Click or tap here to enter text.2Click or tap here to enter text.7
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16) Explain how the body strives to maintain homeostasis.Click or tap here to enter text.8
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