Literature Evaluation Table | Document

Literature Evaluation Table
Student Name:
Change Topic (2-3 sentences):
Criteria Article 1 Article 2 Article 3 Article 4
Author, Journal
(Peer-Reviewed),
and
Permalink or
Working Link to
Access Article
Fox, C., Wavra, T.,
Drake, D. A., Mulligan,
D., Bennett, Y. P.,
Nelson, C., ...& Bader,
M. K. (2015). Use of a
patient hand hygiene
protocol to reduce
hospital-acquired
infections and improve
nurses’ hand
washing. American
Journal of Critical
Care, 24(3), 216-224.
Patel, A., Kanwar, M.,
Rana, P., Thakur, S.,
&Jha, S. (2016).
Effectiveness of
Timing for Hand
Washing With Soap
and Water in Reducing
the Germs among
Nursing Students in
Selected Hospital at
Jagdalpur, Bastar CG
2015. International
Journal of Advances in
Nursing
Management, 4(3),
273-276.
Chakraborty, A., Pasha,
M. M., & Fatima, A.
(2019). A STUDY ON
PRACTICE OF HAND
WASHING AMONG
THE NURSING STAFF
IN A TERTIARY CARE
TEACHING
HOSPITAL. International
Journal of Scientific
Research, 8(3).
Sauvan, V., Hudry,
C., Registe-Rameau,
Y., Huttner, B.,
&Pittet, D. (2015).
Improving the
knowledge and
adherence of nursing
staff to infection
control
recommendations: a
quality improvement
pilot
program. Antimicrob
ial resistance and
infection
control, 4(S1), P272.
Article Title and
Year Published
Use of a patient hand
hygiene protocol to
reduce hospital
acquired infections
and improve nurses’
hand washing.
Published on May
2015
Effectiveness of timing
for hand washing with
soap and water in
reducing germs among
nursing students.
Published on 12
January, 2017
A study on practice of
hand washing among
the nursing staff in a
tertiary care teaching
hospital.
Published in 2019
Improving the
knowledge and
adherence of
nursing staff to
infection control
recommendations:
a quality
improvement pilot
program
Published on 16th
June 2015
Research
Questions
(Qualitative)/Hyp
othesis
(Quantitative),
and Purposes/Aim
of Study
The paper focuses
onpatient hand
hygiene that is
designed to reduce
hospital acquired
infection rates and
improve the nurses’
The aim of the research
was to analyze the
efficiency of the timing
of hand washing with
soap and water.
The research question
was to acknowledge the
The research aims to
prevent infection of
hospital acquired
microbes and bacterial
organisms that affects
the nursing staffs due to
improper hygiene. The
The aim of the
research was to
evaluate the
theoretical
knowledge of
controlling
infection among
© 2015. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.

hand washing
compliance in an
intensive care unit.
time required for
effective hand washing
and removal of germs.
aim of the research was
to study the practice
ofhand washing among
the nurses.
the nursing staff.
Design (Type of
Quantitative, or
Type of
Qualitative)
A quantitative
experimental study
was carried out.
Qualitative research
was conducted over
three experimental
groups.
The research was a
quantitative design
A qualitative
research was
conducted.
Setting/Sample The study was a pre-
experimental study
design for comparing
different types of
acquired infections.
The samples were
trained by the
researchers for the six
steps of hand washing.
150 nursing staffs were
studied for their hand
washing practice.
All the nurses and
assistants were
evaluated for the
knowledge for
infection control.
A 30 minute
interview was
conducted.
Feedback about
hand washing was
provided.
Methods:
Intervention/Instr
uments
A comparison was
carried out for a 12
month period for 2
common hospital
acquired infections,
central catheter
associated
bloodstream
infection, catheter
associated urinary
tract infection and
nursing hand washing
compliance was
carried out.
Three groups were
given training of hand
washing. They were
instructed to make the
beds of patients. Swabs
were taken for culture
growth.
A cross sectional study
was conducted among
the nursing staff in
tertiary care teaching
hospital.
The sessions
included
interviews with
predefines
questionnairesand
hand hygiene
measures.
Analysis A hand hygiene
protocol was for
patients and the
nurses were adopted
to reduce the hospital
acquired infections.
The swabs taken for
culturing if showed any
kind of growth of
microbes proved that
the hand washing
technique of the nurses
was wrong (Patel et al.
2016)
The hand washing
techniques and hygiene
maintenance were
analyzed before and
after handling patients.
The performance
of the Standard
Precautions
Questionnaire
showed that none
of the staffs
remembered or
received any
training for
infection control.
Few people had
knowledge about
hand washing and
hygiene.
Key Findings A significant
reduction in infection
All various durations of
hand washing were
77% of the nursing staff
was found to be
The hand hygiene
knowledge and
© 2017. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.

rate was observed for
a 12 month period for
both types of
infections but drastic
reduction was not
observed. A 12
month nurse hand
washing compliance
also improved but
significant change
was not observed.
effective in reducing
the growth of germs.
practicing hand washing
before examining any
patient. 90% of the
staffs hand washed after
examining any patient.
compliance had
low scores. They
had no education
regarding infection
control
Recommendations The knowledge about
hand washing should
be included in the
school and syllabus
of nursing career.
According to the
feasibility of the
worker, any timing of
hand washing can be
carried out before
handling any patient.
A counselling is
required on hand
washing for the health
care professionals.
Diverse media
education was
effective in
improving the
knowledge,
attitude and the
compliance with
the nurses.
Explanation of
How the Article
Supports
EBP/Capstone
Project
The article was based
on EBP, reflecting to
the fact that hand
hygiene protocol
within ICU is linked
with decreased rates
of hospital acquired
infections (Fox et al.
2015). Improvements
in hand washing,
demands continuous
monitoring for lasting
efficacy for
eliminating infections
The research is based
on evidence as it
provided suitable time
slots of hand washing
that can eliminate the
germs. The time
feasibility of the health
workers can ensure
better rates of
adherence
Yes the research is
based on scientific
evidence and makes use
of stated intervention of
hand washing for
ensuring that the rates of
compliance to hand
hygiene is well
maintained.
Unfortunately, the
research is not
based on evidence
that were formed
previously. It
worked on
exploring the ideas
of the nurses in
regards to hand
hygiene policies. It
would be fair
enough to state
that perception of
an individual is
subjective and may
change with the
passage of time
and cannot be
considered as
evidence.
However, it is
important to
consider the
perception of
nurses as they are
the first line of
contact
© 2017. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.

Criteria Article 5 Article 6 Article 7 Article 8
© 2017. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.

Author, Journal
(Peer-Reviewed),
and
Permalink or
Working Link to
Access Article
Kingston, L.,
O'Connell, N. H., &
Dunne, C. P. (2016).
Hand hygiene-related
clinical trials reported
since 2010: a
systematic
review. Journal of
Hospital
Infection, 92(4), 309-
320.
White, K. M.,
Jimmieson, N. L., Obst,
P. L., Graves, N.,
Barnett, A., Cockshaw,
W., ...& Martin, E.
(2015). Using a theory of
planned behaviour
framework to explore
hand hygiene beliefs at
the ‘5 critical moments’
among Australian
hospital-based
nurses. BMC health
services research, 15(1),
59.
Chun, H. K., Kim, K. M.,
& Park, H. R. (2015).
Effects of hand hygiene
education and individual
feedback on hand hygiene
behaviour, MRSA
acquisition rate and MRSA
colonization pressure
among intensive care unit
nurses. International
journal of nursing
practice, 21(6), 709-715.
Brosio, F., Kuhdari,
P., Stefanati, A.,
Sulcaj, N., Lupi, S.,
Guidi,
E., ...&Gabutti, G.
(2017). Knowledge
and behaviour of
nursing students on
the prevention of
healthcare associated
infections. Journal of
preventive medicine
and hygiene, 58(2),
E99.
Article Title and
Year Published
Hand hygiene-related
clinical trials reported
since 2010: a
systematic review.
Published on April
2016
Using a theory of
planned behavior
framework to explore
hand hygiene beliefs at
the ‘5 critical
moments’ among
Australian hospital-
based nurses.
Effects of hand hygiene
education and individual
feedback on hand
hygiene behavior,
MRSA acquisition rate
and MRSA colonization
pressure among
intensive care unit
nurses.
Knowledge and
behavior of nursing
students on the
prevention of
healthcare
associated
infections
(Chakraborty et al.
2016)
Research
Questions
(Qualitative)/Hyp
othesis
(Quantitative),
and Purposes/Aim
of Study
The aim of the
research was to
analyze the
consequences of a
methodical search for
peer reviewed
published studies that
concentrated on hand
hygiene compliance
among the health care
professionals.
The aim of the
research was to device
methods for improving
hand hygiene among
the health care
workers who are
associated with
infections in hospital.
The aim of this study
was to explore
hospital-based nurses’
beliefs associated with
performing hand
hygiene guided by the
World Health
Organization’s
(WHO).
The research aimed to
find the effects of hand
hygiene education and
practices on MRSA
acquisition rate among
the intensive care unit
nurses.
The aim of the
study was to
evaluate the
alertness about the
risk factors and the
effective measures
of prevention
adopted by the
nursing school
students.
Design (Type of
Quantitative, or
Type of
Qualitative)
Qualitative study was
carried out.
A qualitative research
was carried out
A qualitative study was
carried out
Qualitative study
was carried out.
Setting/Sample 57 publications and
16 clinical trials were
included.
Hospital based
registered nurses from
5 wards across 3
24 medical intensive
care unit nurses received
hand hygiene education
339 students of
nursing school was
included for the
© 2017. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.

hospitals and session regarding
the hand hygiene
frequency.
survey.
Methods:
Intervention/Instr
uments
Examinations of the
review papers were
conducted.
Thematic content
analysis of the
qualitative data was
carried out
Education and individual
feedback sessions were
carried out.
An anonymous
questionnaire was
prepared for
investigating the
knowledge in three
specific areas:
infections
associated with
healthcare practices
(HAI), standard
precautions (SP)
and hand hygiene
(HH)
Analysis Four studies adopted
the five steps of hand
hygiene frame work
that was set in the
WHO guidelines.
The attitudinal,
normative and control
beliefs of the nurses
were analyzed.
Individual feedback
provision and hand
hygiene education was
very effective (Brosio et
al. 2017)
It was found that
that students lacked
knowledge
regarding the
practices of
hospital and safety.
Key Findings A multi phasic
approach to hand
hygiene improvement
strategies were
implemented.
Advantages,
disadvantages,
referents, barriers and
facilitators were
identified.
The frequency of hand
hygiene and its methods
increased significantly.
A sufficient level
of knowledge by
the students was
observed. Health
care practices and
hand hygiene
knowledge was
very poor among
the nursing students
Recommendations Other multi modal
frame works can also
result in improvement
in hand hygiene
compliance
Hand hygiene
continued to be the
most neglected
practice of the nurses.
It was expected that
health care associated
infections can decrease
and other methods can
be adopted.
Periodic checking
of the nursing
students’
knowledge should
be carried out.
Explanation of
How the Article
Supports
EBP/Capstone
The mentined
research is based on
evidence as it makes
use of systematic
reviews. The research
carefully synthesizes
the possible
implication and
reasons for not
adhering with hand
hygiene practices
while proposing
better structures for
controlled rates of
The research works on
evaluating the existing
research literature and
provides a clear
understanding about
the importance of hand
hygiene within the
clinical settings. The
various settings
provides a clear idea
on the ways that can
be implemented for
ensuring better rates of
infection prevention
MRSA colonization is a
matter of concern and it
is for the same reason
the study works on
measuring the baseline
data providing suitable
for ensuring better
health outcomes in
regards to hand hygiene
The mentioned
research is based
on the
understanding of
the existing
perception
supported by
scientific evidences
for better health
outcomes
© 2017. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.