Report on Protection Method for Power Transformers
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Added on 2020-06-04
Report on Protection Method for Power Transformers
Added on 2020-06-04
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Literature Review(ElectricalEngineering)
TABLE OF CONTENTSPower Transformer Differential Protection Using Current and Voltage ratios..............................1ABSTRACT.....................................................................................................................................11. INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................12. LITERATURE REVIEW............................................................................................................23. EVALUATION............................................................................................................................84. CONCLUSIONS..........................................................................................................................85. REFERENCES..........................................................................................................................10
Power Transformer Differential Protection Using Current and Voltage ratios.By '___'Affiliation () Study noABSTRACTIn a power distribution network, transformers play a crucial role and any failure in itleads to disruption of power supply to consumers. To prevent any interruption in the system, it isessential to keep transformers protected from the external and internal threats. The main hurdlein protection of transformer is to create a fast and efficient differential algorithm that can keepthe system isolated from the damaging agents. In this report, revised and robust differentialprotection method for power transformers is explained. Various approaches of using differentialprotection method for protection of the power transformers will be discussed in this paper. Thefindings that are obtained from this research includes the most effective method for protectingpower system is the “Wavelet Transforms”. However, it may be recognised that there are somelimitations in the tactic which are to be filled.to be overcome. 1. INTRODUCTIONPower transformer is a static machine which is used for transforming high voltage powerfrom one circuit to another (Sarimuthu and et. al., 2016). The frequency of the voltage can bealtered using step-up and step-down transformers and this application makes it more effectivethan traditional ones. However, there are many subjects of failure likewise other power systems.There can be two types of failures of faults in the system, internal or external. The major reasonbehind the faults includes short circuits in the windings. Also, some failures occur inside thetransformers. Hence, to deal with these issues it is necessary to render proper protection of thepower system (El Arroudi and Joos, 2017). There are various parameters on which the selectionof the protection depends such as on the cruciality of load, size of the system on the basis of thetotal load, etc. For transformers rated above or equals to 10 MVA, the most widely usedprotection technique is Percentage differential. However, it may be recognised that the tactic canfail due to various process linked with the transformer cord such as non-linearities. The mainprinciple of this scheme is one simple conceptual technique and that is the differential passage1
actually compares the magnitudes of current of primary and secondary components of the powertransformer. The main objective behind protection of power transformer is to prevent malfunctioningof protective relays. This issue arises when the phase difference of two or more similar electricalquantities exceeds some predetermined level. This mal-operation of the passage may be causeddue to any of the reason among the following: magnetic inrush current, external faults withcurrent transformer saturation, simultaneous inrush with internal faults (Ashraf and et. al., 2017).Inrush current in the power transformer interferes with the operation of the system and causesvarious issues such as arcing of primary circuit components, fuses, injection of noise, etc. Theseproblems become more severe when a simultaneous inrush occurs with internal faults. Besidesthis, the internal faults may cause due to the energisation of the primary or secondary componentof the power transformer. In this paper, some approaches are addressed to overcome thechallenges faced in context to differential protection of three-phase power transformers. Thesemethods of protect power system is based on the current and voltage ratios. These ratios help indiscriminating between the energisation and internal faults due to inrush current. This approachis useful in getting robust, secure and dependable relay for power transformers (Babu, andGargava, 2017). There are numerous approaches that are been proposed to distinguish between the inrushand internal current faults are explained. The differential protection scheme detects the faults onthe basis of three general methods which are time over current relay, percentage differentialrelays on the basis of the current going and coming from the protection zone and percentagedifferential relays with restraint by harmonics method. However, it may be recognised that thereare some techniques which are less effective as their discrimination of the faulty sector is notclear and satisfactory. Thus, to overcome these limitations some methods are modernised (Aliand et.al., 2018)2. LITERATURE REVIEWHere, the concept of transformer differential protection is reviewed. There are variousapproaches introduced by different researchers for the inrush and internal fault currents.Differential protection principles are based on the ratios of current and voltages. According toMurugan and et. al. (2017), the transformer related faults can be easily identified with the help of2
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