London Citizen’s preferences towards the choice of hotel for overseas holidays

This study investigates the factors that contribute to the selection of hotels at international destinations for Londoners. The study follows a positivism philosophy and uses primary data collected through a questionnaire method. The study analyses the behaviour of London citizens and their choices while selecting a hotel at an international destination.

An Investigation of London Citizen’s
preferences towards the choice of hotel
when taking overseas holidays
Student Name: Student ID:
Subject Name: Subject ID:
Date Due: Professor Name:
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Part 3: Methodology
Methods: Research philosophy is an integral part of conducting any study, in this project.
Research philosophy is a standout amongst the most basic perspectives identified with any
investigation and in this manner needs uncommon consideration. In this area of the examination
a nitty gritty portray of research strategy that has been received by the researcher for effectively
finishing the investigation by meeting its destinations and obtaining answers for look into issues
recognized has been characterized. The section initially characterizes shifted parts of research
approach and afterward gives a legitimization to embracing appropriate techniques for achieving
this examination. An exploration theory is one that decides the general structure of the
examination by laying its supporting viewpoints. A researcher has the freedom of browsing of
any four of research theories specifically epistemology, cosmology, talk and axiology look into
reasoning. Epistemology look into rationality can be turned to by a researcher when essential
target of an investigation is to separate demeanor and succession of specifics that are on the right
territory. Axiology explore theory is utilized as a part of concentrates in which the scientist
utilizes style and morals as the most critical factors for ponder.
There are vital philosophical contrasts that considers emphasis on realities and numbers
(Gomm, 2008). The distinction between positivist and interpretivist inquire about rationalities or
amongst quantitative and subjective research strategies. Additionally, as it is outlined in table
beneath, there is well known information accumulation strategies related with each examination
theory. Positivism philosophy allows collection of large amounts of quantitative data with high
structured samples (Meyers, Gamst & Guarino, 2016). Every study analyses scopes pertaining to
their research question. For this study the research question is as follows;
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Research Questions: What factors contribute to selection of hotels at international destinations
for Londoners?
The research question implyies the factors that could determine choices for Londoners while
selecting their stays at particular hotels when they were taking international trip was analysed
(Myers, Well & Lorch Jr, 2013. In order to conduct this analysis data of primary nature and
quantitative characteristics were collected. The dependent and independent variable for the study
are as follows;
Dependent variable: These factors were considered to be dependent variable for conducting the
study. Frequency of Overseas travel, Trip Planning, Hotel Whereabouts, Purpose of Visit,
Arrival & welcome at the hotel, Check in procedure, Friendliness of reception/concierge
staff, Atmosphere and peace and quiet of your room, Cleanliness of the room and bathroom,
Technical conditions/thermostat control of the room, Room service and minibar content,
Atmosphere/cleanliness of public areas, Standard of restaurant services, Quality of food &
beverages served, Choice and quality of breakfast, Services of the coffee shop and the bar,
Banqueting services and function rooms, Service, quality and cleanliness of the Spa, Fitness and
Wellness center, Check-out procedure, price you paid at the hotel, location of the hotel, facilities
offered by the hotel, room size provided, child services provided, satisfied were you with your
stay, Recommend this hotel to family or friends and overall rating for the hotel on a scale from
1-7.
Independent Variable: The two independent variable for the study are Age and Satisfaction
variable.
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Hypothesis: Prior to conducting any type of study, it is imperative that hypothesis for the study
is assumed. There are two hypotheses for this study as given below;
Null hypothesis (H0): The independent factors do not affect the age of the subject for
international travelling.
Alternate Hypothesis (H1): The independent factors affect the age of the subject for
international travelling. It is a directional hypothesis that affects age in a positive manner.
In this study positivism philosophy has been followed. Primary data which is also known as the
first hand data was collected by questionnaire method from participants (Neuman & Robson,
2014). All data collected was of quantitative nature, meaning that which can easily be measured.
Procedures: The scholar adopted research design of questionnaire method. The scholar set out
an advertisement inviting participants, who have travelled in the last 5 years to international
holiday destinations to be a part of the University research procedure. Participants are referred to
as subjects in this study. In the invitation, it was included that subjects will be asked questions
pertaining countries they have travelled and regarding their experiences in the travel (Lewis,
2015). Interested subjects were called to participate in a workshop conducted at a local cafeteria,
where they were offered snacks and tea or coffee. They were briefed regarding the study
procedure in this workshop. A total of 250 subjects responded to the advertisement. Then they
were informed regarding aims of the study, was to analyse factors that affect their choices while
selecting a hotel at an international destination. They were told that they will be provided with a
questionnaire, which they would require to fill out for the purpose of this study. Each question
had a rating scale from 0 to 7, with 0 being the lowest and 7 being the highest possible scores.
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Once they understood regarding the procedure of the study, they were invited in batches of 25 to
the cafeteria from the following Saturday to fill out the questionnaire.
Each participant was provided with the University’s ethical form to make sure that they signed
the form before progressing on the study (Rothman, Greenland & Lash, 2008). Though data of
diverse nature was collected from subjects, none of them will be disclosed at the time of
publishing the study. The scholar abided to maintain strict conformance to adhere to ethical
principles, regarding not to disclose names of participants during or after the study.
Sample: The data collected form the sample was of varied nature comprising of varied age
group and nature (Muijs, 2010). Their age group range from 21 years to 68 years of age.
Interested subjects that responded by means of email to the advertisement consisted of bag
packers, honey moon couples, retired travellers, and students and so on. When actual turn out for
the study started only 50 subjects responded and filled up questions of the questionnaire. The
applicant was not forced to provide their outlook regarding topics that they did not want to reveal
or which they felt would harm their respect.
Ethical Consideration: It was guaranteed that no mauling of data has been was initiated in any
shape. Respondents are provided with security of data that has been collected in the research
procedure. The investment of respondents was through free assent and they were not constrained
in any shape to take an interest. Reason and extent of this investigation was properly disclosed to
the respondents along these lines making certain clarity of correspondence. The researcher
likewise guaranteed of not honing biasness in any frame.
Limitation: The examination is constrained by the way that example measure utilized for this
exploration is little when contrasted with populace estimate. It is because of this reality the
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example can't be considered as a due illustrative of whole populace. The study is focused on
analysing behaviour of respondents for London citizens only hence cannot be applied to any
other population.
Part 4: Research Analysis
Primary quantitative data once collected from a sample size of 50 subjects on various
independent variables and dependent variables (Brinkmann, 2014). Data collected for factors as
age, satisfaction variable, Frequency of Overseas travel, Trip Planning, Hotel Whereabouts,
Purpose of Visit, Arrival & welcome at the hotel, Check in procedure, Friendliness of
reception/concierge staff, Atmosphere and peace and quiet of your room, Cleanliness of the
room and bathroom, Technical conditions/thermostat control of the room, Room service and
minibar content, Atmosphere/cleanliness of public areas, Standard of restaurant services, Quality
of food & beverages served, Choice and quality of breakfast, Services of the coffee shop
and the bar, Banqueting services and function rooms, Service, quality and cleanliness of the Spa,
Fitness and Wellness center, Check-out procedure, price you paid at the hotel, location of the
hotel, facilities offered by the hotel, room size provided, child services provided, satisfied were
you with your stay, Recommend this hotel to family or friends and overall rating for the hotel on
a scale from 1-7. A weighted distribution of their scores was obtained and thereafter their
Multifactor ANOVA was determined. Multi-factor analysis of variance is a model that
determines level of significance for one or more than one factor (Burns & Burns, 2008). From
the data collected it was observed that significance level of subjects was at 95% confidence and
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5% level margin was observed. Then data was analysed using SPSS tools to arrive at findings
regarding the study. Data analysis tools adopted for this study was statistical techniques using
SPSS software. The calculations were made for the factors as sum of squares, df, mean square
and their level of significance. Data that had significance level below 0.05 can be avoided as they
are insignificant. Appendix includes graphical representation of the dependent and independent
variable for each factor. Attached SPSS output in Excel files.
Questionnaire
1. What is your age?
 18-34
 35-44
 45-64
 65 or above
2. How often do you travel overseas for leisure trip?
 At least once a month
 Few times per year a year
 Once in 3 years
 Less frequently than that
 Never
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3. How do you plan your trip?
 By yourself
 Through a travel agent
4. How did you get to know about our hotel?
 Newspaper
 Online adverts
 Emails
 Billboard
 Others
5. Purpose of your visit
 Leisure
 Official
 Educational
 Others
6. Rate services from 0-7, Arrival & welcome at the hotel
7. Rate services from 0-7, Check in procedure
8. Rate services from 0-7, Friendliness of reception/concierge staff
9. Rate services from 0-7, Atmosphere and peace and quiet of your room
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10. Rate services from 0-7, Cleanliness of the room and bathroom
11. Rate services from 0-7, Technical conditions/thermostat control of the room
12. Rate services from 0-7, Room service and minibar content
13. Rate services from 0-7, Atmosphere/cleanliness of public areas
14. Rate services from 0-7, Standard of restaurant services
15. Rate services from 0-7, Quality of food & beverages served
16. Rate services from 0-7, Choice and quality of breakfast
17. Rate services from 0-7, Services of the coffee shop and the bar
18. Rate services from 0-7, Banqueting services and function rooms
19. Rate services from 0-7, Service, quality and cleanliness of the Spa, Fitness and Wellness
center
20. Rate services from 0-7, Check-out procedure
21. Rate services from 0-7, price you paid at the hotel
22. Rate services from 0-7, location of the hotel
23. Rate services from 0-7, facilities offered by the hotel
24. Rate services from 0-7, room size provided
25. Rate services from 0-7, child services provided
26. Rate services from 0-7, room services given
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27. On a scale of 1 to 7 how satisfied were you with your stay?
28. On a scale of 1 to 7 how likely is it you would recommend this hotel to family or friends?
29. Give an overall rating for the hotel on a scale from 1-7.
Reference Lists
Brinkmann, S., 2014. Interview. In Encyclopedia of critical psychology (pp. 1008-1010).
Springer New York.
Burns, R.P. and Burns, R., 2008. Business research methods and statistics using SPSS. Sage.
Gomm, R., 2008. Social research methodology: A critical introduction. Palgrave Macmillan.
Meyers, L.S., Gamst, G. and Guarino, A.J., 2016. Applied multivariate research: Design and
interpretation. Sage publications.
Muijs, D., 2010. Doing quantitative research in education with SPSS. Sage.
Myers, J.L., Well, A.D. and Lorch Jr, R.F., 2013. Research design and statistical analysis.
Routledge.
Neuman, W.L. and Robson, K., 2014. Basics of social research. Pearson Canada.
Lewis, S., 2015. Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five
approaches. Health promotion practice, 16(4), pp.473-475.
Rothman, K.J., Greenland, S. and Lash, T.L., 2008. Modern epidemiology.
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Appendices
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