Planning Considerations for LHR Runway and Terminal Improvements

Task a) Analyse the planning considerations taken by LHR for improving the runways and terminals;
1.1 To better understand the planning situation that LHR now finds itself in complete a Timeline Analysis of LHR Expansion Plans. A Media Analysis may
be a useful tool to utilise, an SBA has been designed to facilitate this.400words max – 10%
N.B. Customersmay need to add further boxes to the below table
Time frame Key Expansion Plans and Decisions References (short)
1997-2000 Policing of the airport is the responsibility of the aviation security unit of the Metropolitan
Police, although the army, including armoured vehicles of the Household Cavalry, has
occasionally been deployed at the airport during periods of heightened security.
Griggs, S. and Howarth, D.,
2019. Discourse, policy and
the environment: hegemony,
statements and the analysis of
UK airport expansion. Journal
of Environmental Policy &
Planning, 21(5), pp.464-478.
2001-2003 Full body scanners are now used at the airport, and passengers who object to their use after
being selected are required to submit to a hand search in a private room. The scanners display
passengers' bodies as a cartoon-style figure, with indicators showing where concealed items
may be.
Avanzi, P. and Zerjav, V.,
2020. Caught in a crossfire:
Front-end decision-making in
airport expansion
programmes. Transportation
Research Interdisciplinary
Perspectives, 8, p.100222.
2004-2005 Until it was required to sell Gatwick and Stansted Airports, Heathrow Airport Holdings held
a dominant position in the London aviation market and has been heavily regulated by the
Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) as to how much it can charge airlines to land. The annual
increase in landing charge per passenger was capped at inflation minus 3% until 1 April
Gordhan, S., 2020. Plan B
Earth v Secretary of State for
Transport: Airport Expansion,
the Paris Agreement and the

2003. Planning Act 2008. Journal of
Environmental Law, 32(3),
pp.559-575.
2003-2007 From 2003 to 2007 charges increased by inflation plus 6.5% per year, taking the fee to £9.28
per passenger in 2007. In March 2008, the CAA announced that the charge would be allowed
to increase by 23.5% to £12.80 from 1 April 2008 and by inflation plus 7.5% for each of the
following four years. In April 2013, the CAA announced a proposal for Heathrow to charge
fees calculated by inflation minus 1.3%, continuing until 2019. Whilst the cost of landing at
Heathrow is determined by the CAA and Heathrow Airport Holdings, the allocation of
landing slots to airlines is carried out by Airport Co-ordination Limited (ACL)
Rowe, A.D. and Pitfield, D.E.,
2018. The challenge facing
existing airport campaign
groups when incorporating
social media into their
campaign: A social network
analysis of Airport Watch’s
social media
utilisation. Geoforum, 96,
pp.236-247.
1.2Use the following Airport Analysis Audit tool as a starting point for the auditing activity. This is a starting point; customersmay add sections under the
Situational, Terminal and Airside Characteristics; this will depend upon your findings of LHR.
Complete the audit against the airport’s plans. Some sections may be limited to one entry, however other sections may allow for greater detail, for example,
Location could simply state: Urban or Rural, or the Elevation could be included here along with further relevant detail regarding the airport’s unique
characteristics, this is up to you. Remember to include any forecasts included within the Plans, for example, predicted Air Traffic Movements per year
(ATM’s), Number of Air-Bridges, type of baggage drop etc. CustomersMUST include short references against each piece of information. 400 words max –
10%
Situational Factorsplus forecasts LHR

Catchment Area An airport's catchment area size is defined as the combination of hinterland regions in which the airport has
a market share of over 1%. As market shares may differ between travel motives, catchment area sizes are
also allowed to differ between motives. (Papageorgiou, 2019). It is defined by several factors, including
geographical and access considerations and proximity of alternative aviation facilities.
Pax #’s over last 3 years Heathrow Airport is used by over 80 airlines flying to 185 destinations in 84 countries. The airport is the
primary hub of British Airways and is a base for Virgin Atlantic. It has four passenger terminals (numbered
2 to 5) and a cargo terminal. Of Heathrow's 78 million passengers in 2017, 94% were international
travellers; the remaining 6% were bound for (or arriving from) places in the UK.
The number of passengers in last three years are as follows:
January 2018 58,04,671
February 2018 53,91,855
March 2018 64,92,752
April 2018 65,81,579
May 2018 66,76,963
June 2018 71,24,524
July 2018 78,12,309
August 2018 76,71,950
September 2018 69,82,147
October 2018 69,54,019
November 2018 61,13,761
December 2018 64,95,487
January 2019 59,27,543
February 2019 54,82,288
March 2019 65,27,489
April 2019 67,98,212
May 2019 67,68,903
June 2019 72,46,597
July 2019 77,54,139
August 2019 76,80,327
September 2019 67,77,115
October 2019 70,64,779
November 2019 62,33,801