Importance of Machine Learning in Medicine: An Ethical Perspective

Business Research Method 1
Business Research Method Proposal

Business Research Method 2
Executive Summary
The research study is taken into consideration for the purpose of identifying the importance of
machine learning in medicine. The use of technology has developed the medical industry in an
extended edge. In relation to this study, the role of ethical aspect in context of machine learning
in medicine is also explored in depth manner. This study is carried out with sample size of 18
respondents as the experts in medical industry. Additionally, the primary and secondary data
have been used to gather the data from targeted population. The problem for this research is
defined as the utility and importance of machine learning in the medicine. On the other hand, the
research study is limited in sampling size, data, time and financial resources. Over the data
analysis, it can be concluded that the machine learning is important in the medicine to innovate
the new ways of resolving the medical disease in most feasible manner.

Business Research Method 3
Table of Contents
Executive summary.........................................................................................................................2
Introduction......................................................................................................................................4
Research objectives.........................................................................................................................5
Research questions...........................................................................................................................5
Literature Review............................................................................................................................7
To investigate the importance of machine learning in medicine.................................................7
To assess the ethical acceptance of machine learning in medicine:..........................................10
Research Methodology Design......................................................................................................12
Sampling........................................................................................................................................15
Limitations and Caveats of study..................................................................................................17
Data analysis and interpretation.....................................................................................................18
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................29
Recommendations..........................................................................................................................30
Reference.......................................................................................................................................31
Appendix........................................................................................................................................35
Questionnaire.............................................................................................................................35

Business Research Method 4
Introduction
The medical industry is one of the growing industries in the global market. In relation to this, the
advancement of technology has also developed the medical industry in a new era of competitive
environment. In the recent years, the application of machines in diagnosis of disease has also
increased. The main aim of this study is to explore the role and importance of machine learning
in medicine with respect to its development and advancement in technology. Along with this,
this investigation is also carried out with respect to the assessment of ethical accept of machine
learning in the medicine. The literature is described with the inclusion of proposition and
hypotheses about the utility of machines in medical industry.
The main reason for carrying out this research is to identify the practical implications of
machines in the medical industry and how the machines are supporting the doctors and
researchers. This study is focused on determining the applicability of machine learning to
enhance the relevancy of technological system in advancement of medical industry. The chosen
topic is relatively important for the investigation as it has came into the light with the emergence
of hi- tech machines in medical problem diagnosing. At the same time, it is also crucial to study
as the technology has given the automated machines that are useful to evolve the new medicine
and automatic diagnosis for medical treatment. With relation to this, the investigation is also
deriving implications on the medical students to explore the knowledge about their study. Along
with this, it might also be useful for the professionals to find the innovative ideas from the study
to lead new inventions in this field.

Business Research Method 5
Research objectives
The research is carried out for determined objectives with relation to the medical industry. The
main objectives of this investigation are as follows
 To investigate the importance of machine learning in medicine
o To develop understanding about concept of machine learning in medicine
o To evaluate examples of application of machine learning in medicine
o To develop the understanding about Brain Age Project as part of applications of
machine learning medicine sector
 To assess the ethical acceptance of machine learning in medicine
o To analyze different ethical issues that are faced with application of machine
learning in medicine sector
o To evaluate the impact of ethical issues or challenges, if not resolved timely with
application of machine learning in medicine sector
o To provide recommendations for overcoming the occurrence of ethical issues and
challenges with application of machine learning in medicine sector
Research questions
The research questions have been designed on basis of devised aims and objectives, which are as
below
 What is the importance of machine learning in the medicine?
o What is the concept of machine learning in medicine sector?
o What are different examples of application of machine learning in medicine
sector?

Business Research Method 6
o What is Brain Age Project as part of applications of machine learning medicine
sector?
 How the ethical aspects of machine learning in medicine can determine?
o What are different ethical issues that are faced with application of machine
learning in medicine sector?
o What can be the consequences of ethical issues or challenges, if they are not
resolved timely with application of machine learning in medicine sector?
o What recommendations can be given for overcoming the occurrence of ethical
issues and challenges with application of machine learning in medicine sector?

Business Research Method 7
Literature Review
To investigate the importance of machine learning in medicine
To develop understanding about concept of machine learning in medicine
According to Meng et al. (2016), machine learning can be defined as the use of computer
enabled algorithms and artificial intelligence for purpose of making important calculations and
interpretations of data with regards to a particular problem. The machine learning can enhance
the ability of human being to make different complex decisions with better level of accuracy. In
contrast to this, Jordan and Mitchell (2015) depict that machine learning stands for the usage of
an automated data analytical model that is taken into account for making different types of
calculations and statistical algorithms. This data analytical model is based on the application of
computer enabled technologies, software and artificial intelligence. One of the key attributes of
machine learning is that it takes into account the minimum level of human intervention in the
calculation, as human is needed for feeding the inputs or raw data for calculations.
To evaluate examples of application of machine learning in medicine
Cufoglu and Coskun (2016) explain that there are different types of new treatments that are
visible in the field of medicine like brain age project. Machine learning can play a vital role in
this type of treatment for finding resolution to the challenges that are faced in today’s ageing
society in the healthcare system. As per a report published by authorities of European Union
Eurostat the growth rate of population is very high. At the same time, life expectancy is also
increasing across the Europe but issues of good health are not increasing with the same rate.
There is need of highly efficient and advance medical support system for purpose of meeting the
increase life expectancy need of people. According to this report, the problem of dementia will

Business Research Method 8
become as a major healthcare problem for future generations. As per observation of Daly and
Walsh (2018), WHO or World Health Organization has provided estimation that the number of
patients with the health issue of dementia will increase to 75 million by end of 2030 and its triple
times by end of 2050. These are certain facts that are already known by the healthcare
professionals. So there is need of finding out some solution to the indicated health issues. The
solution to these problems can only be ascertained through application of advance technologies
and innovations emerging in the field of medicine sector. Machine learning is anticipated as a
primary component that is required for origination of innovations in the field of medicine and
healthcare sector. In contrast to this, the application of artificial intelligence enables the
computers to analyze data, perform different calculations in order to determine specific pattern
available in the data and to provide better decisions to human being.
In the views of Cabitza et al. (2017), machine learning plays an important role in the field of
medicine and medical line. In healthcare sector, the application of machine learning is taken into
account for different purposes of research and development works, conducting diagnosis of
different disease symbols, and for better analysis of treatment outcomes. Example of a company
that is using machine learning technique in the field of medicine is Deep Mind Health of Google.
Core focus of this initiative is to find out solution to problem of macular degeneration in aging
eyes. In support of this, Faggella (2018) comments that machine learning technology is highly
adopted by the healthcare experts for diagnosis and identification of ailments with regards to any
disease in the field of medicine. IBM Watson Genomics is example of an initiative that is
planned and implemented with Quest Diagnostics that has emphasized on integration of genomic
tumor sequencing with the cognitive computing for purpose of making the strides in precision
medicine. Another example of application of machine learning in the field of medicine is Berg