Male Breast Cancer

Running head: MALE BREAST CANCER
MALE BREAST CANCER
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MALE BREAST CANCER1
Breast cancer is considered as the most prevalent type of cancer among women that
occurs due to uncontrolled growth of cells. Breast cancer development is very occasional in
case of men and account for approximately 1% of total cases in United States (U.S). The
prevalence rate of breast cancer among men has amplified from 1 in 100,000 men in 1975-
1979 to 1.3 in 100,000 men in 2010-2014 (Cancer.org, 2019). Breast cancer initiates hen the
breast cells grow uncontrollably and lead to tumor formation that can be detected using X-
Ray or the individual can detect the presence of lump. Men are considered to be treated with
advanced stage of breast cancer due to delayed detection using screening mammography, as
this detection process is not recommended for men. The occurrence rate of male breast cancer
rises with age among men like female.
There are various risk factors, which lead to the condition of male breast cancer that
includes continuous exposure to radiation, mutation of BRCA 1/2 gene, testicular disorder,
diabetes, klinefelter syndrome, obesity and family history of ovarian cancer (Silvestri et al.,
2016). It is assumed that one-third of the breast cancer cases result due to behavioural factors,
which are modifiable in nature and includes physical inactivity or alcohol consumption. The
symptoms of male breast cancer includes lump appearance in the breast that is painless. The
most prevalent indication of male breast cancer is nipple retraction, discharge of fluid from
the nipple and ulceration. Other associated symptoms of male breast cancer includes bone
pain, swelling of lymph gland and breast pain (Cancer.org, 2019).
There are different treatment options available for treating the condition of male
breast cancer that includes surgery, chemotherapy and estrogen hormone therapy. Surgery is
considered as the most significant treatment for treating the condition of breast cancer that
involves operation procedure termed as improved radical mastectomy. Chemotherapy
prevention technique is usually given to the patent post-surgery that will inhibit the
generation of cancerous cells. Chemotherapy is usually given when hormone therapy fails to