Management Accounting and Reporting: A Case Study of Warwick Fabrics UK Ltd

This report discusses the management accounting system and reporting, budgeting control system, and different planning tools and techniques implemented in Warwick Fabrics UK Ltd to resolve financial problems. The report covers practical problems based on the stores and production level of the company. The report also includes a case study of Arrow Financial Services, a UK-based financial consultancy company.

MANAGEMENT
ACCOUNTING

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
P1. Management accounting and essential requirement of different kind of management
accounting systems-.....................................................................................................................3
P2. Various method that used in management accounting reporting:.........................................5
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................6
P3. Preparation of income statements under the absorption and marginal costing-....................6
Absorption costing ..........................................................................................................................7
Flexed Budget for the actual activity...........................................................................................8
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................9
P4. Advantages and disadvantages of planning tools used for budgetary control:......................9
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................10
P5. Comparison of organisations to solve the financial issues .................................................10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13

INTRODUCTION
Management accounting (MA) is called managerial accounting and cost accounting. It is
a process that is discussed as controlling, directing, administration of the operational and
functional activities of the business processing unit to prepare the financial reports and statement
from business transaction or records that assist in decision-making process to management
(Yahyavisaeen, Amirhosseini, and Poorzamani, 2015). It control the business operation and
apply the systematic approaches of management accounting process to management can take the
decision regards the achieving the business goal. For this report a financial consultancy company
that is Arrow financial services is selected that is UK origin company and provides the financial
consulting services to its valued customers. In further to another Client company of the this
particular company Warwick fabrics UK Ltd is choose for better understanding this report. This
is manufacturer of the cloth and supplier of fabrics that is located in Gloucester, united kingdom.
This reports covers the management accounting system and reporting, budgeting control system
and different planning tools and techniques that are implementing in the business to resolve the
financial problem of the business. It also covers practical problem on the basis of the stores and
production level of the company.
TASK 1
P1. Management accounting and essential requirement of different kind of management
accounting systems-
Management accounting: It consist of the detailed planning, monitoring and handling
the business activity or action to betterment in the business productivity and performance. This
process of management accounting includes the decision making system in the business from its
current business affairs and deals. Management accounting is combines the application of the
financial and non monitory information and data to handle the business concern and its
components. The company Warwick fabrics UK Ltd is manufacturer of the textiles fabrics is
used the management accounting system to conduct the business activities and deals (Sahu and
Kumari, 2015).
Management accounting system: management accounting system are appropriate and
systematic process of analyse the business final account and other statement and used the data
from the daily operation and records in the enterprises. These analysed data and information are

really helpful in order to make the business decision and redefine the organisational rule and
policies in structured manner. Warwick fabrics UK Ltd applies the management accounting
tools in the business function to better manage the short term operation. There are a lot of
management accounting system available to be utilize in the business. Some of them are
discussed below:
Cost accounting system: This is the main accounting system of management that is
described as structure of outlay which is recognize the accurate cost of production for a
processing unit. This is the system that used to evaluating the cost of the material, direct labour,
and other overhead and monitor the total works cost at the processing unit of manufacture. This
system is based on the cost and production value techniques to handle the overall cost. In the
relevance with Warwick fabrics UK Ltd company used this process to maintain the overall cost
of manufacturing, fabrication and designing section cost. So it help in the ascertaining the total
cost of production as well as profit from the processing unit of enterprises. This tools is also
helpful in devising the cost accompanying scheme, cost structure and annual budget (O’Grady
and Akroyd, 2016).
Inventory management system: It is a basic system of management accounting process
that defines as ascertain the level of the stock in the manufacturing unit, stores, and warehouses.
It further ensure the accessibility of the stock material at right time of consumption in making the
goods and services. The stock comprises the stage of the stock such as raw material
consumption, work in progress (WIP) and last stage of goods finished stock. This system play a
significant role in deciding the price tag for the particular product. The selected company
Warwick fabrics UK Ltd is using this particular tools in the system to ascertain the quality and
quantity of the stock available at the warehouse. This process monitor the stored quantity of the
goods to improved flow of the goods and services. There are antithetic concepts to confirm the
value of goods such as LIFO, FIFO and weighted average method (Nanshun and Ya, 2013).
Job costing system: This is the another method of the management accounting system
that refers to simply allocation of the cost on the particular task or projects. It is relevant with
grouping of the cost component that is related with particular product. It aid in evaluating the
different job allocation cost to improve the final capacity of particular manufacturing unit. It is
cost accounting method that is based on the estimation of the cost of the completed projects and

task at central manufactured system. In addition to it can use other method of the cost to
appraise the production like process costing and batch costing.
Price optimisation system: This is the particular method of management accounting
process that is determine the cost of product and setting the price on the goods and services by
adding the profit margin. This system also confirm the value of the goods on basis of the
customer reaction. And it ascertain how customer will approaches the price structure of the
goods and services. So they can adjust the price or tag of the particular goods by make the
alteration the price. Warwick fabrics UK Ltd is using this tool to set the price on the goods to
maintain the profit level of the goods. There are different price strategies to be adopt by the
company to decide the price tag of the certain goods (Ling, 2013).
P2. Various method that used in management accounting reporting:
Management accounting reporting: This is the basic process that is defined as
aggregation of the financial information and data by the management of firm in order to prepare
the financial statement and reports for the specific time of period to make the financial decision.
These are internal reports for the management of the business that supply the particular by head
of the department of the processing unit of the business. Warwick fabrics UK Ltd uses the
different kind of reports in the making the future decision and strategies planning. Following
reports are created by the company defined as under:
Account receivable reports: This report can be generated by those company which are
involving in the trading of goods and services on credit basis. This reports is directed with
providing the internal data and information to management about the overdue payment from the
customers. So management and staff are analyse the credit amount and its duration to pay off.
Main motive behind this to ascertain the credit amount for the outstanding with the debtors. It
may help in tighten the credit limit for the customer who are not paying on time (Jersan, Dun-
hou and Chung, 2014).
Budget report: This reports contents the projection of the data related to particular
processing unit and compare with the actual performance of the unit. It derives the value from
the certain internal papers used by the management in order to estimates the projected data and
make a comparison with actual output and identify the clear variances between them.
Management of the Warwick fabrics UK Ltd is using this tool in the cost accounting to ascertain
the budgeted data and actual performance in the processing unit at the particular level.By

analyzing the assorted aspects of budget they can make proper business conclusion for the
improvement the function of the firm.
Inventory management report: This report is used by the business firm to track the
record of the stock. This reports contents with the raw data of stock at the processing unit's stores
and warehouse. It also records the inward and outward movement of the stock from a particular
location of the unit. By maintaining this report of cost management can better know the actual
situation of the inventory. In addition to, this report is also useful to canvass the actual position
of stock whether it is in transit or at warehouse. Warwick fabrics UK Ltd is generating this
reports to know the actual status of the stock of raw material, finished goods or at stored location
(Ionescu and Tudoran, 2013).
Performance report: This is reports covers the information related to overall
performance of the structure. It consists of the financial goals that required to attain in the
financial year. Performance reports are basically concluded the actual data and compare with
budgeted information to find out the variances that occur in the business. Warwick fabrics UK
Ltd is used this reports to evaluate the business performance by analyzing the performed task
that is well executed by the workers of the organization. With the help of this reports,
management can know the efficiency of the employees. This reports is used by the management
in order to give incentives to those worker who work as per abilities and beyond it.
TASK 2.
P3. Preparation of income statements under the absorption and marginal costing-
Income statement- This is the particular document that shoes the sales revenue,
expenditure, direct cost for material, labour and overhead etc. It derives the value of the gross
profit and net profit out of the sales revenue. It includes the both cost fix and variable. It is also
used in the costing techniques and some of them are discussed below-
 Absorption costing- This is the cost that is considered both fix and variable cost in the
computation of the profit under this costing techniques (Hajibabaei, S., and et. Al, 2014).
 Marginal costing- This costing tools is defined as expenses incurred while producing one
additional unit at production. It included fixed cost is taken as periodical cost and
variable cost as unit or product cost.
Part 1

Cost Cards
November
Sales = 70* 10000 = £ 700000
Direct Materials = £100000
Direct Labour = £ 150000
Fixed Overheads = £ 250000
December
Sales = 70* 8000 = £ 560000
Direct Materials = £100000
Direct Labour = £ 150000
Fixed Overheads = £ 250000
Inventory = £ 2000 units
Absorption costing
Profit as Per
absorption costing
£s November
£s
£s December
£s
Turnover 700000 560000
Less Full cost of sales 500000 400000
Direct Material cost 100000 100000
Direct Labour cost 150000 150000
Fixed manufacturing
overhead
250000 250000
Less:Closing Stock 100000
Gross Profit 200000 160000
Less: Under
absorption
0 50000

Profit 110000
Marginal costing
Profit as Per
absorption costing
£s November
£s
£s December
£s
Turnover 700000 560000
Less Full cost of sales 500000 400000
Direct Material cost 100000 100000
Direct Labour cost 150000 150000
Fixed manufacturing
overhead
250000 250000
Less:Closing Stock 100000
Gross Profit 200000 160000
Part 2
Flexed Budget for the actual activity
Particulars Budget Actual Variances Variances (%)
Sales 100000 122000 22000 22.00%
Less: Cost of
Goods sold
87500 114500 27000 30.86%
Direct Material 50000 60000 10000 20.00%
Direct Labour 25000 28500 3500 14.00%
Variable
Overhead
12500 15000 2500 20.00%
Gross Profit 12500 7500 -5000 -40.00%

Less: Fixed
Overhead
10000 11000 1000 10.00%
Net Profit 2500 -3500 -6000 -240.00%
TASK 3.
P4. Advantages and disadvantages of planning tools used for budgetary control:
The budgetary control refers to a process of the discern different actual result with
budgeted information and data for a business over a period of time. It set the standard business
target to the business activities and compared with actual situation to determine the variances.
Cash budget- This is the budgeting control system that is defined as future estimation of the
cash receipt and cash payment during a certain period of time. It forecast the cash inflow and
outflow assorted future activities are included accumulation of budgeted cash sales, receipts from
debtors, expenses etc.
Advantages- This budget is helpful in to understand the liquidity position of the company
on regular basis (Goudarzvand Ghegini and Esmaeili, 2015).
Disadvantage- This is based on the forecasting the future data and information which may be
true or wrong. so future result can be lead the outflow of the cash.
Operating budget- This is annual budget that includes estimation of the total value of fund and
resources needed to perform the business operation. Company Warwick fabrics UK Ltd used
this budget in the business processing unit of manufacturer the fabrics to ascertain the total sum
of the resources required.
Advantages: Management can handle the fund and resources such as expenditure,
budgeted income, sales revenue, direct expenses etc.
Disadvantage: In the limitation of the this budget it require long term planning and
decision making regards the financial operation. It may lead extra costing by the management.

Master budget: This is detailed budget contents the summery of various budget such as cash,
sales, fix and flexible budget and other relevant budget. Company is using this tools to
summarised the financial information and data to understand capital and resources from related
department.
Advantages: It is used in well planning to allocate the funds and resources in the different
head by the help of the assorted type of budget planning.
Disadvantages: It fails to give accurate information taken up from subsidiary budgets
which may lead the cost maximisation in the particular projects (Gajevszky, 2013).
Warwick fabrics UK Ltd uses the different kind of budgetary control system in the
business in an effective and efficient manner. The business of management deals with current set
of manner that helps them to manage their sections. Warwick fabrics UK Ltd uses this report to
provide the information regarding the late customer who are entertain with the credit amount.
TASK 4.
P5. Comparison of organisations to solve the financial issues
In the current business market, enterprises of production and manufacture are facing the
difficulties due to lack of the fund and other resources of the business. In context to the Warwick
fabrics United Kingdom that are totally depends on the management how they settle these issue
or problem. Warwick fabrics UK Ltd is using this tool to analysis the total production cost by
allocating the estimated on the different task and projects. Some financial issues and problem are
described as follow:
Less sales: This is the particular issue of the company Warwick fabrics UK Ltd that is
facing the problem related to decrements in the sales. It this concern, It is required to settle the
issue as soon as possible otherwise It may cause the decrements in the profit too. This is most
common issue to business that is business is facing. Currently, company is stuck at the financial
problem (Eslami Eshlaghi and Khamseh, 2019).
Higher expenses: In this particular financial problem, company's expenses are higher
and profit is lower. The reason behind it, inappropriate management of the operating and
functional resources at the processing unit that may create the financial crises. This is crucial for
institution to get over from this financial problem early.
Methods for deducting financial issues:

 Ratio analysis – This is the accounting tools that is defined or computes to information
related to sales and profit gaining by an organization. As a company calculate the gross
profit ratio to find out the profit on sales revenue on annually. Management of the
company used this tool to ascertain the actual sales and profit.
 Bench-marking – It is basic standard on the industry that is ruled to strategies, policies,
proper regulation of the company. By setting the standard on processing unit the quality
of products can be improved. With the help of this techniques company is able to find or
ascertain the issue of higher expenses.
Basis Warwick fabrics UK Ltd Airdri limited
Financial issue This firm is facing the financial
problem related the lower sales.
This particular financial problem
can decrease the profit efficiency of
the organisation.
In this particular business, company
is facing the financial hurdle
regarding the high expenditure on
operational activities. These can be
direct and indirect expenses. It may
harm the profit structure.
Techniques To find the particular issue of the
lower sales. Firm is using this tools
of ratio analysis to find out the sales
related problem. This ratio analysis
is the accounting techniques to ass
certain the sales level.
This financial problem can be
identified by applying the tools of
bench-marking that provides the
standard data to marked expenses
and make a comparison analysis
with last year data.
Management
accounting system
To settle this particular issue related
to finance, management of the
company should apply the price
optimization system of
management tool by distribution
the exact price to particular product
so its sales can be higher.
This problem can be resolved by
setting off the cost management
system in the business function so
the expenses can be controlled. It
will definitely settle the difficulty
of extra operational cost
(Chaturvedi and Sangwan, 2016).

CONCLUSION
From the above report it is concluded that management accounting and its requirement in
the business organisation play a crucial role to enhance the capacity and productivity by applying
the tools. Certain MA tools like cost and price optimisation techniques are help in the setting the
price to its product and services and also control the cost and allocation of the effective manner.
These MA reports are help in the decision making system of the processing unit. In further to
this, budgetary control that help in forecast the business condition as income and expenses at
particular level of production. It resolve the financial issues and problem with the help of these.

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