Role and Characteristics of Leader and Manager in Management and Operations

This report discusses the role and characteristics of leaders and managers in management and operations. It explores different theories and models of leadership and management. The report also highlights key approaches related to operation and management.

MANAGEMENT AND
OPERATIONS

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1 Role and characteristics of leader and manager.....................................................................1
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
P2) Different role of managers and leaders in different organisational situations......................4
P3) Different theories and models of leadership and management.............................................5
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................6
P4 Key approaches related with operation and management along with function of manager
and leader....................................................................................................................................6
P5 Operation management importance and value to achieve business objective.......................8
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................9
P6 Factors within business environment that impact on operation management and decision-
making of leader and manager....................................................................................................9
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Management and operations can be defined as a procedure that control and design
products as well as services of an organisation for improving the overall productivity of
organisation. The main concern of management and operations is to ensure right supply of raw-
materials and resources to manage them as per human resources of organisation. Operations
management is defines as department of organisation which manage cost, price and revenue of
firm (Bachrach and Mullins, 2019). This report is composed from point view of Rowlinson
Knitwear which is a medium sized organisation and perform their work in clothing industry.
Moreover, this report highlights on role and responsibilities of leader and manager. Along with
this example of leader and manager with their function in manager for different situation is
included in this report. In the last, key approaches of operations management and role of leaders
and managers will also be focused in this report.
TASK 1
P1 Role and characteristics of leader and manager
Leadership, top prominent authorities and superior of organisation are those persons that
leads employees to perform all work in right direction. The main motive of an effective leader is
to achieve organisational objectives within decided time period. Similarly, management direct
and control all resources of an organisation which add value in a company products and services.
It also concern that management and leadership perform an effective role in enhancing overall
profits of organisation by improving overall productivity of management.
Behavioural theory- This theory of management defines various ideas which are
adopted by organisation according to conditions of company. All task which are performed by
management are linked with environment that impacts on role of leader and manager. According
to this theory it leads manager to perform all task as per behaviour follow by organisational
workforce. In context of Rowlinson Knitwear it is leading organisation to develop positive
relationship within team and target. Further, this theory leads company to motivate employees
for accomplishing company goals and objectives (Bahmani-Firouzi and Azizipanah-Abarghooee,
2014).
Roles of Leaders and Managers- According to J. Kotter Roles of top authorities are
crucial for organisation so the main difference between leader and manager is to complete all
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task and operations that leads company to complete task and operations as per team and
individual basis by performing their role and leader. some essential roles of manager and leader
is as follow:
Basis Leader Manager
Functions The main function of leader is
to motivate employees for
performing their work as per
their directions and objectives.
From perspective of manager
company perform its task by
arranging resources of
organisation.
Work system Leader decide methods and
ways by which organisational
employees perform their work.
Manager control and manage
task of company through
which its task are complete in
minimum time period.
Attributes Leaders learn and adopt those
skills which develop their
personality as a charismatic
individual. So workforce
follow their culture methods.
In the present scenario, all
organisation are performing
their work with motive of
completing project as per top
management.
Authority Leaders are authorised to
decide company policy which
increases market area of
company.
On other side, manager are
responsible to formulate step
that work as company policy.
Characteristics- Manager and leader posses different characteristics some characteristics of
manager are as follow:
 Communication- Manager of an organisation completes all task and operations by
communicating decide projects with employees of organisation (Chiu and Lo, 2016).
From perspective of Rowlinson Knitwear manager concerned that all task are completed
as per communicating company policy with all persons.
 Problem solving skills- It is complex to manage and complete all operations as per
company policy as there are various challenges are faced in organisational process to
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complete all task. Therefore, manager of organisation leads company to deal with task by
overcoming from company problems.
Some of such characteristics of leaders are:
 Optimism- Leaders adopts optimist behaviour in organisation that leads company to
identify opportunities and possibilities for each situation. With an effective leaders it is
easy for organisation to implement right behaviour among employees by creating positive
environment in organisation (Dabic and et. al., 2016).
 Risk-taking- Risk are faced by organisation in each situation such as investment,
organise of resources, retain of employees etc. are major challenges which are faced by
organisation. So leaders of Rowlinson knitwear adopt risk-taking skills in order to
implement innovative ideas in organisation.
Functions of management
 Planning- Rowlinson Knitwear adopt various activities so first function of management
is to develop right plan for organisation.
 Organising- To perform all projects as per plans manager arrange and organise company
resources for completing work effectively.
 Directing- With directing function organisation directs all employees to perform their
work as per delegating right roles and responsibilities to teams and individuals.
 Controlling- Control and monitor is most important plan for organisation that leads
company to gain competitive advantage by working as per right decided plans.
Leadership trait- Leadership and its traits refers to the personal qualities which shapes the
behaviour of an effective leader (Davies, 2018). Empathy, willingness to work and the ability to
perform company task are some of the major aspects that leads individual to reach at different
places as it leads organisation to perform all work that reach out circle of organisation to perform
all task by understanding company behaviour to understand all perspective for completing work
in effective manner.
Leadership styles:
Transformational- By adopting transformational leadership leaders follow and consider
value, beliefs and behaviour of all employees. So it is easy for company to motivate employees
in minimum time period.
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Transactional- This style of leadership adopted by organisation to complete all work as
per manager policy that leads company to complete all task as per objectives of company.
From the perspective of Rowlinson Knitwear management adopts transformational leadership
style which leads company to gain top position in market. As it involves large number of
individuals to engage in operations (DiFazio and Chitrapu, 2016). So all task are completed with
in positive manner that leads management for accomplish organisational objectives in specified
time period.
Hard and Soft Leadership skills- Hard skills helps leader to maintain discipline in
organisation by providing clear instruction to employees to perform their work. Similarly, soft
skills helps employees to perform work with flexible approach.
TASK 2
P2) Different role of managers and leaders in different organisational situations
Rowlinson Knitwear is performing their work in clothing industry they manufactures
clothes at a large level to satisfy customer needs and wants. So to perform operations at large
level manager and leader plays an active role to deal with conflicts of company. This are mention
as follow:
Complex and conflict situation- Organisation face too many complexities while
performing their work at large level such as confusion in communication, change in values
followed by employees. Rowlinson Knitwear involves large number of workforce to manage
operations at large level. So leaders are responsible to perform work by motivating employees in
effective manner. Operation management refers to the area which is concerned with designing
and controlling production process to perform all work as per business objectives and goals.
Similarly, manager of organisation perform functions by which supervisors decide right policy
which help management to perform work as per trends. For Rowlinson Knitwear it is a positive
function because it is leading company to gain top position in market through generating positive
relations among company workforce and employees (Dobson and Dobson, 2018).
To implement essential modification- Changes are most essential aspects for the
organisation that leads company to gain top position in market. This also refers that the current
environment of company work as per international level due to which it is mandatory for all
Rowlinson Knitwear to adopts changes in organisation policy and strategy. Further, the role of
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leader in company is to decide new vision and mission which leads company to perform work as
per current situation. Like, leaders of respective organisation motivate employees to participate
in training and development classes. Similarly, managers are responsible for completing its task
and operations in proper manner that leads to complete all task with positive approach. This
enhances organisational benefits and task by managing work with collaborative methods (Katano
and Tamura, 2017).
With the above task and operations it is analysed that leader and manager of Rowlinson
Knitwear perform demonstrate some strength and weakness which are mention as follow:
Strength
 Leaders are highly skilled and potential that influence behaviour of employees towards
accomplishment of organisational goals and objectives.
 The another positive point of leadership approach is that top authorities decide right
persons to complete all work with in proper manner.
Weakness
 The major weakness of organisation is that company face challenges to engage all
employees towards a similar work.
 Another weakness of management face by manager is that organisation face difficulties
to organise their work.
P3) Different theories and models of leadership and management
Some of the major approaches and styles that is performed by leadership to adopt for
dealing with various situations are mention as follow:
Situational System- it is one of the main motive of leaders that it is leading company to
complete work as per situations of organisation. This also prevails to perform work as per
effective leaders that adopts new styles for completing work as per nature of activity and
situation. The situational system theory suggest effective leader adopt new style to complete
work as per model of management (Kurtz and Berston, 2019). Hersey and blanchard model
suggest four leadership methods which are mention as follow:
 Telling- As per telling strategy leader demonstrate individual to perform the functions.
 Selling- According to selling aspects leaders decides ideas as per followers to take
opinion about decisions.
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 Participating- With participate style leaders participate employees among functions and
decision-making.
 Delegating- This step help organisation to delegate right task to right persons.
For example- Leaders managers all situations in effective manner by implementing changes in
organisational work that leads employees to understand benefits by incorporating essential or
required modification in organisation (Kwok and et. al., 2018). It also helps company to
complete task as per conflict management to launch products and services in effective manner.
Autocratic leadership- Their are various challenges faced by organisation that directly
impacts on policies, procedures and strategy of a company. Therefore, autocratic leaders perform
an essential role to complete all work according to organisation structure and systematic process.
In context of Rowlinson Knitwear management is performing their work at small level. So at
time of huge order company implement autocratic leadership in order to meet with company
requirements within minimum time period. Leader plays an essential role to manage, direct and
control all work for employee's as it leads company to achieve their objectives within decided
time.
System Theory- According to system theory employees perform their work as per single
entity in order to complete all task within effective period. With changes in rules it is also
essential for organisation to implement changes as per situation. Example- quality is one of the
most important factor for organisation which leads company to gain more market area. So
Rowlinson Knitwear implement system theory to maintain quality of all production process in
order to gain competitive advantage in market.
TASK 3
P4 Key approaches related with operation and management along with function of manager and
leader
With different approaches related with operation management undertakes several factors
which are related with functions of management. So there is increase in the performance and
productivity of company. So some approaches related with operation management are mention
as follow:
Total quality management- TQM is one of the constant process through which
Rowlinson Knitwear reduces wastage of organisation (Miki and Natsumeda, 2017). Along with
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this organisation also understand issue to overcome from challenges which impacts on
organisational process. It results this is east for company to accomplish growth and development
within effective manner. For Rowlinson Knitwear TQM work as positive approach as it increases
overall productivity of organisation operations. Moreover, leaders plays an essential role in TQM
approach which leads employees to perform its work as per motivation tools. Along with this
managers are responsible to complete their task by managing functions in organised approach.
Just-in time inventory- This is one of the most effective strategy for organisation which
is implemented by management to complete task as per production process. Rowlinson Knitwear
manufacture and delivers large variety of products so it is essential for management to adopt
those methods through which organisation perform its work as per production and operations to
complete all task in proper manner (Reid and Sanders, 2019). This also refers that leaders plays
an important role in organisation as they develop positive relations with suppliers of
organisation. Managers perform all functions among which one task for management is to
control and manage company resources to maintain inventory of organisation in proper manner.
Capacity management
This refers to the act for ensuring and increasing business activities that increases
business area for organisation. Along with this capacity management work to measure business
actions that demonstrate how business organisation achieve their task by selling their activities
within decided time period. Along with this capacity also provides ability to perform all work as
per specific time that improves availability of resources.
Methods of capacity management
Business capacity management- Teams perform their work through capabilities, business
team and processes. It includes human resources, equipments, technology and facilities. As the
main function of operations is to plan resources of organisation which directly increases quality
and quantity of production.
Service capacity management- This system refers to perform all task with implement of
information technology in all services. Network, data centre space, power and disk space etc. are
major key aspects of information technology. For example- Rowlinson knitwear perform
function with use of IT services so it is easy for management to complete all work in proper
manner and within minimum time period (Steelman and Wolfeld, 2018).
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Component capacity management- It is low level capacity management with such as
planning the work with software licenses due to which company perform their work as per disk
required that match and plan resources as per business demands. From perspective of Rowlinson
Knitwear company manage credit risk and inventory management to perform their work as per
company goals and objectives.
P5 Operation management importance and value to achieve business objective
Importance of operation management leads organisation to accomplish company
objectives some importance of operation management is mention as follow:
Convert of semi-finished goods into finished goods- Operation management concern to
control cost of operations. This also control cost of company and manage company resources to
deal with transformation and utilisation of resources (Vibhor and et. al, 2019). It results company
transform and utilise different resources to complete its task with raw-materials by reducing
waste from process.
Logistics and inventory management- Inventory management perform their task and
operations by supplying right product to right customers. For the concern of Rowlinson knitwear
and its management. This is mandatory for organisation to perform their work as per inventory
and logistic department due to which all task are completed in proper manner. This results it is
also easy for management to increase their profits by reducing their inventory and logistic cost.
Scheduling- Operation management is designed to complete task as per schedule of the
organisation. This also results company perform all work for collect raw-materials, machinery
usage and supply of raw-materials in market. Due to which all task are completed within proper
manner. Along with this it is also important for the organisation to perform operations as per
schedule. So it is easy for management to complete their work as per routine and schedule.
Importance and value of operations management also leads company to complete its
work as per schedule which leads company to achieve its objectives as per decided time period.
This also leads company to maintain right schedule for their work due to which its task and
operations are completed with in proper manner (Welch and Long, 2015). Along with this
company perform all work that enhances company profits to manage its task within effective
manner it also enhances productivity of organisation.
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TASK 4
P6 Factors within business environment that impact on operation management and decision-
making of leader and manager
Business environment undertakes internal and external aspects which impacts on the
performance of Rowlinson Knitwear. Employees, workforce, teams and groups are internal part
of the organisation. On the other side, supplier, customers, buyers etc. are external aspects of
country. This results performance of organisation is directly impacted as it impact on operations
and functions of business (Werner and et. al., 2014). Some of the major dimensions by which
business environment of Rowlison Knitwear is impacted is mention as follow:
Corporate social responsibility: It is a model of the business that is developed by Tesco
to be social with the public, stakeholders, clients etc. It is also known as corporate citizenship
and Tesco is very much aware about there market image and include the aspects like social,
environmental, society benefits that enhance the positive change in the society
This is one of the most important model for business which is organised and developed by
Rowlinson Knitwear to perform their operations in effective manner. It is also leading company
to perform its functions and operations according to ethics and value in society. Moreover, CSR
practice also recognise as citizenship that aware market of companies to complete work as
society and environment that benefits society. This determines that with all task and operations
company is managing its work as per consideration of society residents. It results goodwill of
organisation will be improved.
Culture is one of the most important factor that helps leaders for identifying behaviour of
employees and society. This is also concern about implement of responsibilities that are done by
understanding culture behaviour of society. Along with this manager also manage all activities
that leads organisation to implement and attracts all persons through which changes in society
are implemented effectively. Value is another most important aspect of corporate social
responsibility that helps leaders to maintain organisational values on individual and society basis.
Rowlinson knitwear impact on role of organisation. So it results this is easy for manager to
perform all work that increases value and impact positively to improve goodwill of company in
society. Ethics undertakes and includes power to perform all work as per honest, charismatic, fair
and unbiased results that increases productivity of company. It also results leadership quality of
company leads company to perform all activities by completing work on transparent and clear
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basis. Along with this with sustainability factor the leaders of the organisation attain better value
and image of organisation that improves performance of all activities to improve their goodwill
in market. Rowlinson knitwear achieve most of its sales from internal part of UK. So by concern
of all aspects management is also able to perform activities that leads company to retain in
market for longer period (Wright and et. al., 2014). It also results that business organisation such
as Rowlinson Knitwear manage all task with motive of completing work according to decided
schedules and organised process.
CONCLUSION
In the last, by the above report it is concluded that leaders and manager of an organisation
perform different roles in an organisation. So the role and responsibilities which are fulfil by
both is different from each other. All organisation undertakes essential aspects to understand
characteristics and behaviour of leader and manager. The main motive to understand behaviour
of employees as well as top management is to increase productivity of organisational operations.
Moreover, all essential concepts related with operation management of Rowlinson Knitwear to
support all activities on contemporary and historical basis is included in this report. Along with
this it also includes those methods by which operations management and process of company is
also improved to accomplish company objectives. In the last, factors related with operation
management such as culture and ethics that impacts on decision-making process is also included
in this report.
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REFERENCES
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Chiu, L.S. and Lo, J., Western Digital Technologies Inc, 2016. System and method for optimized
management of operation data in a solid-state memory. U.S. Patent 9,268,646.
Dabic, M and et. al., 2016. Industry-specific CSR: Analysis of 20 years of research. European
Business Review.
Davies, B., 2018. Exploring chaos: Theory and experiment. CRC Press.
DiFazio, R.A. and Chitrapu, P.R., InterDigital Patent Holdings Inc, 2016. Bandwidth
management (BWM) operation with opportunistic networks. U.S. Patent 9,313,766.
Dobson, D. and Dobson, K.S., 2018. Evidence-based practice of cognitive-behavioral therapy.
Guilford Publications.
Katano, S. and Tamura, N., Fujitsu Ltd, 2017. Operation management device, operation
management method, and recording medium. U.S. Patent 9,541,980.
Kurtz, D.L. and Berston, S., 2019. Contemporary business. John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated.
Kwok, N. and et. al., 2018. How leader role identity influences the process of leader emergence:
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Miki, K. and Natsumeda, M., NEC Corp, 2017. Operation management apparatus, operation
management method, and storage medium. U.S. Patent Application 15/535,785.
Reid, R.D. and Sanders, N.R., 2019. Operations management: an integrated approach. John
Wiley & Sons.
Steelman, L.A. and Wolfeld, L., 2018. The manager as coach: The role of feedback orientation.
Journal of Business and Psychology. 33(1). pp.41-53.
Vibhor, A. and et. al, 2019. Work flow management for an information management system. U.S.
Patent 10,169,121.
Welch, J.P. and Long, B.S., Masimo Corp, 2015. System for generating alarms based on alarm
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Werner, A and et. al., 2014. CSR in the textile sector: European fashion firms and the
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Online
What is operations Management. 2019. [Online] Available through:
<https://www.topmba.com/mba-programs/what-operations-management>.
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