Report on Roles and Characteristics of Leaders and Managers
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Added on 2020-06-06
Report on Roles and Characteristics of Leaders and Managers
Added on 2020-06-06
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Management and Operations
TABLE OF CONTENTSINTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1P1 Roles and characteristics of leader and manager..............................................................1M-1 Role of a leader and function of a manager by applying theories and concepts............2P2 How functions of managers and leaders apply in different situations .............................3P3 Different theories and models of approach.......................................................................4M-2 Strengths and weakness of different approaches............................................................5P4 Various concepts of operations Management...................................................................6P5 Importance of Operations Management............................................................................8M3 Impact of leaders and managers on the operational efficiency of business.....................9P6 Environmental factors and its impact on the business......................................................9M4 Factors affecting business environment.........................................................................11CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11REFERNECES:.............................................................................................................................12
INTRODUCTIONManagers and leaders plays a crucial role in achieving the goals and objections oforganisation. They develop strategies and take decision for performing the activities. Theyensure all employees efforts are integrated together so that common goals and objectives can beachieved (Jacobs, Chase and Lummus, 2014). Moreover, they assign task to them and evaluateperformance in order to improve their efficiency. This report will show the roles andcharacteristics of leaders and managers. It will give description about various leadership theories.It will give brief about the importance operational management in achieving business objectives.Also, the various factors that affect the business environment in decision-making.For undertaking this the organisation selected is Marks and Spencer. The cited firmbelongs to retail sector and operates all over the world. The existence of company on global levelrequires experienced managers and leaders in developing business strategies.P1 Roles and characteristics of leader and managerManagement and leadership differs from each other in various ways. There is hugedifference between functions and roles of manager and leader. But there common purpose is toachieve goals and objectives of organisation in effective way (Chevalier and et..al 2015).Different authors have given definitions on this - Management- Henry Fayol said that management is a process to forecast, plan and organiseactivities. According to Mary Parker Follett management is art of getting things done throughpeople. Leadership- It is the ability of individual to influence people or team within an organisation.Management by objective- It is an approach developed by Peter Drucker that shows that theremust be balance between objectives of employee and organisation. Also, objective must bedetermined with the help of employees (Kuhn, Balke and Wood, 2017). This will provide qualityin achieving goals. Its basic goals is to growth and development of employees. There are many differences between leadership and management functions given by J, Kottler. 1
Leadership- It is defined as act of leading a group of people or team. The function of leader is tomotivate employees in achieving their goals. The key traits of leadership includes focus onchange, creating vision, motivating and communicating. Management- It is defined as controlling and managing activities and people. The function ofmanger is to develop processes to be followed. The key traits are developing policies, managingthings and measuring performance. A manager and leader role differs from each other in various ways. It is described below:-Managers maintain status- Manager focus on polices and procedures. They ensure that thingsare going in same way as defined by them (Burgess, and et..al 2016) They stick with them toaccomplish task. Leader creates vision- Leaders focus on long term goals thus they create vision. They prefer towork in team rather than individually whereas mangers set standards for individual employeesand measures their performance. Relationship- Leader develop relationship with customer and employees by gaining their trust.On other hand manager creates structure that shows who will communicate to whom. Risk taking- Leaders often take risk by innovating new process and methods to complete task.They think outside the box and knows that they will learn something from it. Manager resistsrisk taking and develop plans to control situations. They minimise risk by taking appropriatemeasures. Goals- Leader focus on long term goals. They think of the future and act accordingly. Whilemanager focus on short term goals, they develop plans to achieve them (Krajewski, Malhotra andRitzman, 2015). They think that achieving short term goals will lead to long term goals.Leader coach – Leader knows the skills and abilities of employees, therefore they only guidethem in critical situations. Whereas manager direct employees on how to complete task andassigns task according to their skills and abilities. M-1 Role of a leader and function of a manager by applying theories and concepts.The role of a manger and leader is completely different from each other. Manager isresponsible for making plans and strategies while leader is responsible for motivating employeesto achieve that plan by guiding them. Manager creates vision but a leader shows the road map2
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