Comparison between roles and characteristics of leader and manager
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This study compares the roles and characteristics of leaders and managers in the context of Barclays Plc. It discusses the differences in their approaches to change, risk, and skill development. It also evaluates different theories and models of leadership.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................................3 LO 1.................................................................................................................................................3 P1 Comparison between different roles and characteristics of leader and manager....................3 LO2..................................................................................................................................................5 P2 Role of leader and function of the manager in different situational contexts........................5 P3 Critically evaluate different theories and models..................................................................7 PART 1............................................................................................................................................8 CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8 REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10
INTRODUCTION Managementandoperationareconsideredoneofthemostessentialbusiness development parameters that supports to lead high profitability in the business. Management is the strategic approach of the business that helps to lead high change with business to meet demand of global market. Management is responsible to align all business operations effectively so that organization achieves itâs all goals within timeframe. To understand role of management and operations has an example of Barclays Plc company. It is a British Multinational investment bank that offers retail and financial services. It is headquartered in London, England, UK which isdesignedintofourbusinessessuchaspersonalbanking,corporatebanking,wealth management and investment management. The brief study discusses about roles of leader and manager within organization and will discuss about change management, performance models work within business. LO 1 P1 Comparison between different roles and characteristics of leader and manager Leadership and managementboth formulate a comprehensive part in the overall operation of the Barclays Bank and fulfilment of the different aspects that are associated with the overall functions.Leadershipcan be defined as that capability of an individual or a group of them where they lead or guide the individuals towards the achievement of common goals and objectives by developing a clear vision and objectives. Aleaderis a person who carries out or implements the leadership policies and coordinates the different activities so that the overall goals can be achieved (Worline and Dutton, 2017). Themanagementon the other hand is related more with the organisation aspect where different activities are coordinated together so that the goals and objectives of the organisation can be achieved. Amanageris the person who supervises and manages all the functions and activities that are going on in a business (Sobratee and Bodhanya, 2018). The difference between the roles and characteristics of a leader and a manager in Barclays Bank can be evaluated in following manner: BasisLeaderManager ChangeThe leaders in Barclays Bank areManagers on the other hand focus
innovative in their approach where they tend to identify the changes i.e. they act as change agents. on the maintaining of status quo where they tend to stick with the normalworkingsystemsand structures. RiskThe leaders are more of risk takers as they venture into the unknown andaremoreinclinedtoview failure as a step to success (Pardey, 2016). The managers at Barclays Bank put effortstowardsriskminimisation and they try to either control or minimise the overall problems that an organisation faces. Skill development The leaders at Barclays Bank aim towardslearningsomethingnew everydayandtheyarealways curioustoknowandseek.This helps them in their personal growth comprehensively. The managers in Barclays Bank are the ones who tend to rely more on the proven skills and try to identify the characteristics that makes them successfulratherthanventuring into something new (Streich, 2016). The differences between the manager and leader are segregated for the Barclays Bank but the overall difference in the functions of leaders and managers are also prominent. There are different functions that are performed by the managers in Barclays Bank such as: ďˇPlanning: As per this function, the managers focus on the comprehensive planning related to the different aspects of the organisations such as developing mission, vision, strategies etc. for Barclays Bank. This helps the organisation in developing better strategies collectively. ďˇOrganising: Under this function, the managers of the Barclays Bank tend to manage and organise the different activities that are performed in the organisation on a day to day basis (Western, 2019). The matching and balancing of the different resources help in identifying the priority activities and hence better accomplishment of the objectives that have been developed. ďˇControlling: Controlling function involves ensuring that all the activities are performed and completed as per the planning that was done. The managers at Barclays Bank ensure
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that they are aware of all the activities that are taking place and regular monitoring practices are implemented. ďˇDirecting: The directing functions of the managers help them in communicating clear goals and objectives that have been developed so that the goals and objectives that have been developed by the Barclays Bank can be accomplished successfully (Hunt and Weintraub, 2016). The leaders in Barclays Bank on the other hand have a separate set of functions. These can be evaluated using the Adairâs leadership model in following manner: ďˇTask: The leaders at the Barclays Bank tend to focus on the achievement of the different tasks that have been set up where the focus is on the completion of the different tasks that have been set up and the resources that are required for the accomplishment of such tasks. ďˇTeam: The team aspect discusses that the role of leaders in Barclays Bank is also related to the team development where the communication ad coordination must be key the areas of focus. This helps in supporting the different individuals working together in a team (Azad and et.al., 2017). ďˇIndividual: The last function of leaders at Barclays Bank is to develop the employees on an individual basis as well where the proper direction and motivation, making them comfortable with changes etc. are the key areas of focus. The three functions are linked with the core functions of leader i.e. to organize, coordinate, motivate and direct, initiate etc. Therefore, in this manner the role and characteristics of leaders and managers are different in Barclays Bank. LO2 P2 Role of leader and function of the manager in different situational contexts Role of managers in solving conflicts in an organization Conflict occurs between the people of the group or team in any situation. In an organization there are wide number of people and all are different. The method of solving the conflicts determine either it is productive or not (Mash, 2018). The manager in an organization
plays an important role in solving the conflict in the positive way so that is might result in productive conflict. Managersthoughttheiremployeesaboutthedevelopmentandtransformationof organization (Thompson and Glasø, 2018). Manager identifies the ability of employees and motivate them. Conflict management is the ability, that mangers should apply during the conflicts, which results in the productive way. A manager creates an environment of the cooperation and teamwork. Manger helps in resolving conflicts by motivating their employees and also give them proper direction for the task given. A manager makes a positive compromise between the disputes. Managers cannot hesitate to put the issue during conflicts. Managers is able to remove the personal or mix feeling instead, has to focus on the team during the conflicts. Manager listens carefully to the point of conflicts and also resolve it with full efficiency (Angelova, 2017). Manager can also take various decision in resolving the conflicts and it is mandatory for all the employees to follow.Leader should make an effective team, which may results in the productivity of the company. Effective mangers knows how to bring an conflict to the productive way. They manage the conflict which further results in an opportunity for future productive relationship. Change management Change management is another situation that helps to bring change within company as per the busines situations. It also supports to minimize risks and improves productivity of the business operation in itâs global market (Azad and et.al., 2017). Barclays keeps constant change in itâs new technologies that has improved cost of financial services as result selling behaviour of customerdecreses.ToovercomethisissuesmanagerofBarclayspracticescontingency management theory to lead change successful within company as well as reduces cost of new technologies by developing effective strategy for the marketing department. While leaders help company in motivating staff to bring change in their practices successfully as result profitability can be achieved (Steinbachand et.al.,2017). Performance management situation
It is another situation of organization wherein employees are not performed as well. To deal with situation manager and leader practices different roles (Sobratee and Bodhanya, 2018). For example, Management of Barclays plc practices contempory management theory to elect talented staff within organization. Performance management is also another systematic approach that uses by managers of Barclays to measure individualâs performance while dealing with task. With this approach manager determine high skilful employees who can lead high productivity within business operations. On the hand, leaders monitor all employeeâs performance by assigning number of task and inspires them to give best performance at the working place (Reiche, Bird, Mendenhall and Osland, 2017). Apart from this leader helps manager to give realistic information about individuals performance. P3 Critically evaluate different theories and models There are different leadership theories and models and approaches are mentioned below: Situational leadership style Situational leadership is stated that a leader adjusts their style accordingly situation and inspires group of people or individuals to put all efforts towards common goals (Delegachand et.al.,2017).Thisleadershipstylecomprisesfourtypestylessuchastelling,selling, participating and delegating. As per the concept of situational leadership, the prior role of leaders is that they must understand needs of employer and employees then they can select appropriate leadership style. The operation management of Barclays plc practices the situation leadership style to deal with various type of situation that faces by employer and employees. For example, currently Barclays plc faces employeeâs resistance within organization to accept change. In that state operation management practices telling leadership style and improves technical skills of employees and negotiates them to accept change.thus, operation management deal with the situation effectively. The major drawback of the situational leadership is that it requires good analytical skills in leaders or managers then they can adapt appropriate leadership styleto deal with situation (Kerns, 2016).There are four different types of situational leadership which are described as Directing, coaching, supporting and delegating. Directing- This is the basic level of situational leadership. This states that the employess of the company needs a more directive style of leadership as they are very formative in their new job
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role. In this kind leader needs to pay more attention towards the task rather than to nuild relationship, as relationships yet not exist. Coaching- This style is for followers who have developed some competence along with their improvement in commitment. At this time also leader needs tofocus on tasks which still reequire commitment but now the focus can now expand in developing relationship with the employee, building on the trust that has began to develop and encouragement that has demonstrated. Supporting- This type addresses followers who are now competent at the job but somewhat is not fully committed and is inconsistent. The leader must participate and must support its followers and no longer focus on task assigned and focus more on relationship among the followers, groups . Delegating â Ultimate goal is to create followers who are fully empowered and are competent enough to take the task and complete the same. Leader delegates the task to the followers with very low focus on task and also on relationship Contingency theory Itisknownasorganizationtheorythatallowscompanytobringchangeinthe organizational policies accordingly situations (Early, 2017). This theory help managers or leaders to lead advancement in decision-making skills and leadership skills as well. With this theory manager can create management objectives that will resolve all issues associated with business operations and improves performance of business in itâs sector. Managers of Barclays practices this theory within organisation to take effective decisions. It also supports managers to build good relationship with employees. It also possesâ some limitations such as uncertainty in leadership roles due to high availability of leadership styles. System leadership System leadership can be defined as the set of skills that usages by leaders or managers to influence and supports the system to bring high level of change within company. It comprises two type leadership styles such as collaborative and system leadership which creates productivity in the organizationâs action (Kark, Van Dijk and Vashdi, 2018). This leadership approach is generally implemented by organization to keep control on individuals working and enables them
to perform their actions accordingly business requirements.Managers of Barclays plc practices system leadership to bring change in their operations of the business and develops new strategies to reduce cost of financial services so that purchasing behaviour of customers increases. Thus, system leadership approach supports company to influence quality of working in employees within workplace. the major drawback of the system leadership approach is that it is time- consuming process. PART 1 (LO3 & LO4 Covered in ppt) CONCLUSION It can be concluded that top-level management of Barclays should always consider the actual concept of operations management, because it is very necessary to this company for gaining huge profit margins within the UKâs baking sector. Existing management of this company should properly understand this thing that, competition within UKâs baking sector is regularly increasing. In this situation, with the support of operations management Barclays will be enabled to achieve great competitive advantage within the market. The company need to always focus on providing quality services, because this is the only way to company for attracting large number of customers.
REFERENCES Books and journals Angelova,M.,2017.Conflictmanagementduringtheprocessoforganizational change.KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY INSTITUTE, p.14. Mash, R. and Adler, O., 2018. Human Resource Managers' Role Perception and Their Conflict Management Style.Journal of Sociology.6(1). pp.41-55. Worline, M. C. and Dutton, J. E., 2017. 31 How Leaders Shape Compassion Processes in Organizations.The Oxford Handbook of Compassion Science. p.435. Pardey, D., 2016.Introducing leadership. Routledge. Streich, R.K., 2016.Fit for leadership. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden. Western, S., 2019.Leadership: A critical text. SAGE Publications Limited. Hunt, J.M. and Weintraub, J.R., 2016.The coaching manager: Developing top talent in business. SAGE publications. Azad, N and et.al., 2017. Leadership and management are one and the same.American journal of pharmaceutical education.81(6). Sobratee, N. and Bodhanya, S., 2018. Leading in a global context: The balancing act between leadershipandmanagement.JournalofBusinessandRetailManagement Research.12(4). Delegach, Mand et.al.,2017. A focus on commitment: The roles of transformational and transactional leadership and self-regulatory focus in fostering organizational and safety commitment.EuropeanJournalofWorkandOrganizationalPsychology,26(5), pp.724-740. Early, G., 2017. A short history of leadership theories.Retrieved from. Kark, R., Van Dijk, D. and Vashdi, D.R., 2018. Motivated or demotivated to be creative: the role ofselfâregulatoryfocusintransformationalandtransactionalleadership processes.Applied Psychology,67(1), pp.186-224. Kerns,C.D.,2016.ManagingandNegotiatingConflict:AKeyManagerialLeadership Practice.International Leadership Journal,8(1). Reiche, B.S., Bird, A., Mendenhall, M.E. and Osland, J.S., 2017. Contextualizing leadership: A typology of global leadership roles.Journal of International Business Studies,48(5), pp.552-572.
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Steinbach, A.Land et.al.,2017. Top management team incentive heterogeneity, strategic investmentbehavior,andperformance:Acontingencytheoryofincentive alignment.Strategic Management Journal,38(8), pp.1701-1720. Thompson, G. and Glasø, L., 2018. Situational leadership theory: a test from a leader-follower congruence approach.Leadership & Organization Development Journal.