(PDF) Management and Operations Assignment Sample | Tesco
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Added on 2021-02-22
(PDF) Management and Operations Assignment Sample | Tesco
Added on 2021-02-22
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Management and Operations
Table of Contents INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1 TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1 P1 Define and compare the different roles and characteristics of a leader and a manager....1 TASK 2............................................................................................................................................2 P2 Analyse examples of how the role of a leader and the function of a manager apply in different situational contexts..................................................................................................2 P3 Apply different theories and models.................................................................................4 TASK 3............................................................................................................................................6 Covered in Appendices...........................................................................................................6 TASK 4............................................................................................................................................6 P6 Explained the factors within the business environment that impact upon operational management and decision-making by leaders and managers.................................................6 CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8 REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9 APPENDICES...............................................................................................................................10
INTRODUCTION Operation management refers to the planning, organising, controlling and supervising various processes within the organisation so that the higher level of efficiency can be developed. This term is used in the business for managing all the people, technologies, procedures and information so that the all organisational activities can be carried out in a most effective manner. This file is based on the Tesco which leading company working within retail industry. This study will cover about the various role and characteristics of manager and leaders and determine the difference between the role and characteristic of both of them with the help of appropriate theories and concepts. Along with this, how the role of a leader and the functions of a manager helpsthebusinessindifferentsituations.At lastthisstudywillfocusonassessingthe environmental factors that how they can impact on the decision making of leader and the functions of a managers. TASK 1 P1 Define and compare the different roles and characteristics of a leader and a manager. Leader:A leader is a person who has the ability to motivate the other people towards achieving the organisational goals and objectives. Other, leader within the organisation is responsible for guiding and controlling over the employees so that they will do their efforts in the right directions(Subramanian and Ramanathan, 2012). Manager:A manager refers to that person who is responsible for administering and directing of a group of people. Manager in the organisation focus on proper utilising all the monetary and non monetary resources of the business so that the business goals can be achieved easily. Role of a leader: In order to achieve the business goals in the pre determined time frame leaders of the Tesco company leader will play various role: Vision:This is the foremost role of business leader to provide specific vision to the team members so that all the members will give their more focus in understanding that how every individual efforts will help the business to drive in success. Risk aspect:Leader of the Tesco require to formulate effective strategies and plan in order to reduce the risk from their operations(Peng and Lai, 2012). 1
Role of a manager: Manager in the organisation perform various function within the organisation in which manager have an important role: Directions: In this role, manager will seek out the information related to the directing the employees activities and looking for required changes so that the employees can accomplish their work with great efficiency and appropriately(Galindo and Batta, 2013). Systems and process:The manager of Tesco business needs to evaluate their process so that the necessary changes can be implemented and the efficiency and success of the business can be assured. Characteristics of a leader: Confidence:A leader is always confident for their decisions as they does not need to communicate with other higher management due to which they can easily guide and motivate their employees to complete their work with great efficiency. Delegation:Leaders always concern for guiding and motivating their employees for accomplishing their work effectively rather than the delegation of the authority(Song and Parola, 2015). Characteristics of a manager: Communication:Aneffectivemanagerrequirestocommunicatewiththeirteam members effectively not only related to their responsibilities and expectations but also they should focus on listening their team and corporate them so that they can come up with the best outcomes. Reliability:The manager of Tesco business must be reliable within the organisation as reliability refers to the availability of the manager for their employees so that they can perform their task in a most significant manner. TASK 2 P2 Analyse examples of how the role of a leader and the function of a manager apply in different situational contexts. In any organisation leader and managers have their important role as because the success of the business depends on the effective leadership and management. As a single leadership or managerial approach is not suitable in every situation due to this the managers and leaders needs 2
to focus on implementing the theories according to the situation. This can be understood by below defining points: Situation 1: Implementation of new technology within the operations of Tesco company: In this case, the business leader and manager need to focus on adopting situation leadership theory in their firm as it will help to formulate their strategies and plans according to the situation(Omansky and Kanner, 2014).In this case the leader and manager have to plays various role and function which are as follow: Role of leader: While implementing new technologies in their business leader must focus on motivating and guiding their subordinates in a proper manner and also tell them the benefits of the new techniques in their working process so that they can perform their task in the significant manner which will provide benefit to the both the employees as well as organisation. Function of Manager: For successfully executing the updated technologies manager of the Tesco company needs to formulate effectively methods and strategies and also focus on conducting training and development programs so that the employees will be able to accomplish their task effectively. Situation 2: Decreasing in employee turnover ratio: In order to retaining their employees for a longer period of time the business of Tesco requires to adopt relationship oriented approaches as it will help them to build the healthy relationship with their employees so that they can support the business in achieving the goals and objectives. Role of leader: The leader of the Tesco company must focus on formulating effective strategies and plans regarding to establish proper communication channels, training sessions, assessing the employee demand and others so that they will be able to retain its employees for a longer period of time(Chevalier and et. al., 2015). Role of manager: For retaining their employees for longer span of time the manager must focus on evaluating their employees performance and give them rewards and benefits for their 3
higher efforts. This will direct positive impact on the employees which will provide success to the organisation(Fu and Wnuk, 2015). Hence, from the above discussion it can be stated that in order to attain higher success and growth manager and leaders needs to execute their various functions and roles according to the situation so that they will be able to overcome from the negative impact of the situations easily. P3Apply different theories and models The leaders of the Tesco business must give their focus on adopting various leadership approaches according to their business requirements or situations so that they can get higher success and growth in the organisation. Here are define some of the effective leadership theories: Situational leadership theory :This theory of leadership mainly focussed on the adopting that leadership style which is perfect as per the situation. As per this theory the most suitable leaders is one who leads the situation that has occur automatically. This theory helps the business organisation to cope up from all the negative situations within the organisation. History of situational leadership theory:This theory has formed by Blanchard and Hersey in 1969, after sometime this theory is known as “Life cycle theory of the leadership”. In the year of 1970 this theory was again figured as the situational theory of leadership. Example of situational leadership :For better understanding this theory lets consider a situation. In an organisation is facing the issue of lack of knowledge and experience in their employees then in this case the leader needs to focus on providing effective training and development programs to their employees so that they can knowledge, abilities and talent of them can be increased. But in this aspect the leader must consider each and every individual situation that in which an employees is lacking so that the necessary and effective training can be provided to them which enables them to deal with the situation effectively. Situational theory quotation: According to Margaret wheatley,Leadership depicts to the series of behaviour rather than role of heroes. According to Colin Powell,Leadership is solving issues. Characteristics of situational leadership theory : Insight:This characteristic is most crucial in the situational leadership as it allows the leaders to understand their followers and make adjustment accordingly so that the requirements of their can be fulfilled. 4
Flexibility: They must consider the flexibility factors as it will enables them to move easily from one style to another as per the situation. Trust:A leadership style must be able to attain their followers trust and confidence so that all the operation can be carried out properly. Benefits of situational leadership style : Situation leadership is the most suitable leadership style as it allows the leaders to implement it as per their situation and also it encourage all the member to work in a team so that the attainment of the business objectives and tasks can be assured.This theory contains four types of interchangeable leadership styles which are as follow: Telling- This style refers to the one way capacity of a leader to communicate which describes that how everyone will perform and which are their responsibilities. Selling-In this aspect the leader of Tesco will focus on guiding and supporting their subordinates so that they can accomplish their task effectively. Participating-It is also known as social style which inspire the leaders to involve their employees in their decision making process so that they can share their ideas, opinions and conflicts with them easily so that leaders will be able to make an effective decision to achieve their desire goals. Delegating-This style assist the leader to delegate the responsibilities to the employees and give them freedom to choose their task and direction for completing it. This will enables the business to get the higher support in accomplishing the organisational goals easilyastheemployeeswillwellacknowledgedfromtheirroleand responsibilities(Nakagawa, 2015). Systematic leadership style: This leadership approach is mainly concern for coming up with the best possible solutions for the complex systems with the help of effective leadership. This style enables the leader to make their systems according to their business requirement so that all the business activities can be carried out in a most effective way(Walker and et. al., 2014). Contingency leadership theory : This leadership theory pertains that a single leadership approach is not suitable in every situation. Due to this, it emphasize that the success of the business not only depends on the leaders skills or abilities but also depend on the company culture, working environment and 5
employees. So it is essential for the leader of the Tesco to give their focus on the all aspects of the business in order to attain success and growth in the business. History of contingency theory: This leadership theory has been developed in the year of 1958. Fred fielder believed that the leaders get success by considering the two factors which includes control of the particular situation and manager's set of skills. This theory has been formed after considering that the ability or the skills of the leaders remain fixed but the situations keeps on changing position. How does it works: This is advisable that the contingency theory is only suitable when the leaders is able to properly scan the situation and adopt the best leadership style as per the situation. This theory does not work on basis of that if a theory which they have adopted in their past will get success in the present time also. Fiedler's contingency theory: This leadership theory is considered a best theory of the leadership as the main focus of this theory on assessing that how much leadership style which have adopted by the organisation matched to the situation. Fielder's contingency theory was given by the Fred fielders who considered that the leaders falls into the one or situations which can be task oriented and people oriented. This theory also given their focus on maintaining the proper authenticity in the leader and their relationship with their followers. TASK 3 Covered in Appendices TASK 4 P6Explainedthefactorswithinthebusinessenvironmentthatimpactuponoperational management and decision-making by leaders and managers. In the business organisation various factors are available inside the business or outside the organisation which have great impact on the decision-making and operation management of the business. All these internal and external factors can impact the business in an effective manner which are described below: Internal factors: 6
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