Compilation of Management Research Studies

This assignment compiles a list of various management research studies, covering topics such as leadership, operations management, total quality management, data quality management, and supply chain management. The studies are sourced from academic journals and proceedings, providing insights into the latest developments in these fields.

MANAGEMENT AND
OPERATIONS

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1) Roles and comparison of leader and manager's functions....................................................1
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
P2) Impact of leader and manager's role in different situations for Morrisons plc.....................4
P3) Theories and models of leadership.......................................................................................5
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................6
P4) Key approaches to operation management and role of leader and manager for it...............6
P5) Importance and value of operation management to meet organisation's goals....................8
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................9
P6) Factors that impact on operation management and for decision making process................9
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCE.................................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Operation and management of any business entity are essential to achieve its
effectiveness and improving efficiency for competitive advantages. It is helpful to manage entire
business operations and decision making for providing better services. The present report is
based on understanding management operation concept for Morrisons plc to improve services
provided by it. It is one of the large scale organisation retail sector that provides groceries and
food items to million customers worldwide. However, importance of their roles for entity's
growth is to be introduced through this assignment. Moreover, importance of operations
management for Morrisons plc to improve services provided by it is to be described. In addition
to this, environmental factors impact on decision making of leader and manager regarding
business operations. Through this report, students are able to understand management and
operation concept for Morrisons plc to improve services provided by it. In order to this, role of
manager and leader can be introduced to accomplish the task with proper understanding.
Moreover, business environmental factors that affect organisation's performance can express
briefly.
TASK 1
P1) Roles and comparison of leader and manager's functions
Leader and manager plays crucial role to achieve effectiveness of Morrisons plc and
improving services provided by it. For this purpose, both play different roles in their ways. For
example; manager analyses current position of entity and further makes plan for enhancing
entity's efficiencies (Bolman and Deal, 2014). While, leader teams team and encourages workers
for better work performance and contribute in group work at high level as per their abilities. In
this regard, functions of leader and manager can understand as below:
There are different function that a manager need to perform for smooth running of the
organisation, that are as follows: Planning: The primary function of the manager is to plan strategies, plans, goal and
objective. Manager is the top level objective so he/she will make plans that is delegated
to the middle and lower level employees so that they can implement them in order to
achieve the ventures goal (Abualrub and Alghamdi, 2012). For example organisation
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need to start new project so the manager role is to make plans for the project so that it can
be divided into small task and delegated to the employees. Organising: Planning is made in the previous stage then the manager need to allocate all
the resources to the employees so that they can make use of it and obtain the
organisational goal. In this stage manager need to ensure that all the operations are going
in the right way according to the plans (Arnold and et.al., 2015). Directing: The responsibility of the manager is to guide their employees towards the
achievement of the objective. Manager main aim is to solve the hurdles which is coming
in between in their way to establishment of objective.
 Co-ordinating: Manager should put effort on all running activities to co-ordinate with
each other in order to reduce the wastage of resources and efforts. The manager function
is to bring all the employees together and create relationship among them so that they can
feel comfortable while working in the organisation (Bolton and Thompson, 2015).
Leader is the person who can be manager, but manager need different skills to be a
leader. A leader has various responsibility to give direction to the employees, that are as follows: Communication: leader is the person who need to communicate with all the stakeholders'
wheatear it is customer, supplier, employees, shareholder etc. His/her responsibility is to
exchange information in the organisation wheatear it is verbally or in written format.
Successful leader will always select the best way to communicate in the open, fair and in
honest form (Burke, 2013). Brainstorming: Effective leader always understand how the different functions of the
firm work together how it can respond to the internal and external changes (Management
and operations, 2016). He/she always identifies the strength and weaknesses of the
organisation and threats and opportunities they face. Decision making: leader know all the information about the organisation and he/she has
effective skills which help his/her to analyse all the situation and then take the decision
(Christopher, 2016). Team builder: A team is always effective when all the plans, developments and problems
are communicated internally (Harrison, 2013). Team building helps the members to
understand the contribution they made to achieve the company's goal.
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 Motivating and guiding employees: The main role of the leader is to motivate them, fill
enthusiasm in employees so that they can able to achieve the organisational goal
effectively and efficiently. He/she always finds out the needs of the employee so that he
can able to motivate them on the basis of need (Jardine and Tsang, 2013). His objective is
guide employees in the proper way so that they can able to work in the optimal way.
Comparison between leader and manager's functions:
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TASK 2
P2) Impact of leader and manager's role in different situations for Morrisons plc
Work performance of leader and manager of Morrisons plc impacts on its effectiveness
and managing all business operations effectively. However, their performances' impact on entity
can describe as:
 Increasing productivity and profitability: Manager and leader prepare planning
including foresting and decision making regarding operations of business entity. It
influences productivity and profitability of organisation (Bon and Mustafa, 2013). Thus,
role of manager and leader as decision makers is essential for firm in respect of its
productivity and profitability. In addition to this, effective ideas are generated for
optimum utilization of resources and fund. Thus, for improving services provided by
Morrisons can be gained through setting effective planning and decisions in an efficient
manner.
 Creating positive and peaceful environment of Morrisons plc: Performances of
manager and leader are crucial for creating positive and understanding environment of
entity. It is beneficial for creating coordination among workers and encouraging them for
better work in group. Thus, systematic planning regarding segmenting work according to
employees' performances and making decisions creating environment of entity is suitable
for proper growth. In addition to this, conflicts and disputes can reduce efficiently
(Burke, 2013).
 Solving out issues occur in business operations: It is one of the essential tool for
decreasing in number of problems occur at workplace during business operations. In this
regard, several strategies are prepared to reduce issues and improving services provided
by Morrisons plc. Leader plays leading role in solving out issues obtained in managing
entire business operations and implementing set plans . Therefore, getting adjusted
according to risks for creating solution affects entity's effectiveness and its services.
 Proper management of all business operations: Decision makers as manager and
leader are essential for managing all operations and increasing efficiency of organisation.
However, through making decisions regarding business operations and entity's
effectiveness, manager and leader plays effective roles (Cavarretta and et.al., 2015).
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Thus, role model of manager and leader impact on entity's growth and proper
management of all operations. In addition to this, several tools are gained to improve
service provided by Morrisons plc for adopting new technologies. Hence, it is appropriate
for allocation of fund and resources adequately.
Thus, it is recognised that manager and leader plays crucial for for decision making on providing
better services. However, adopting new technologies for implementing services are recognised
that proceed to increase marketing and competitive strategies of the firm. However, leader is
leading player to encourage its team workers to enhance their working efficiencies and
contribute in team building at higher level. For this purpose, he organises training and
development programs which is helpful for their personal and professional development
effectively. While, on the other side, manager analyses actual performance of entity on the basis
of which further ideas are created for improvements in its services. For this goal, he prepares
plan, organises, directs and control over excess of activities. Thus, it is recognised that effective
role of manager and leader impacts on entity's effectiveness as well remains able to improve its
services on large scale (Daire, Gilson and Cleary, 2014).
P3) Theories and models of leadership
Leadership theories: A leader follows several leadership styles for team building and
encouraging its workers for effective contribution in group. In this regard, some of the leadership
theories can understand as:
Situational leadership:
In situational leadership, leader of Morrisons plc prepares plans to get mold according to
situation occurred. Including this, he tries to make positive environment towards flexibility for
goal accomplishment.
 It is one the great trait to present problem solving skills of leader in respect of
effectiveness of Morrisons plc (Dale, 2015).
 For getting adjusted according to situations occur at workplace, leader performs his work
effectively with flexibility.
 Encourages workers for getting mold according to situations and doing their best in every
situation.
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Cognitive leadership:
In cognitive leadership, leader makes instructions and action plans to be followed on by own. In
order to this, he segments work to all members of the group acording to their abilities. Including
this, he sets timelines for all group and its members to meet goals in certain time to accomplish
tasks. In this leadership approach, leader performs his role as:
 Leader depends upon the situations occurred in Morrisons plc.
 Gives instructions to workers for following on to accomplish set targets for Morrisons
plc.
 Prepares strategies for reaching out objectives through team building and implementing
action plans.
TASK 3
P4) Key approaches to operation management and role of leader and manager for it
Morrisons uses few key approaches to improve the quality of its goods and services.
Approaches are as follows:
Empirical Case Approach: This approach focuses on analysing the past reports and
experiences of the company (Galindo, Gina and Rajan, 2013). It is a study of history of the
company for managers which shows the success and the failures of product and services.
Uses:
 This is used by professionals to evaluate and manage the future risk.
 It is the way of gathering information about the company which further helps in acquiring
skills.
 Morrisons improve its management principles with the help of this approach.
Limitations:
 These reports are based on history of the company so it is not helpful in creating any
basic difference in development of products and services.
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 The approach is not useful for Morrisons as it focuses on old techniques and the
organisation can not make use of old strategies because of regular advancement in
technology and changing market trends (Graves, Laura and Margaret, 2013).
Human Behaviour Approach: It helps the company in developing new methods and
theories according to human behavioural changes. In contrast to this, manager need to
understand the psychology of employees in order accomplish organisational goals. Motivation is
the key to increase productivity and to improve the work efficiency of staff.
Uses:
 Morrisons uses this approach to make employees work efficiently and effectively.
 It helps the manager in determining factors like pressure, attitude, disputes within the
organisation which need to be resolved as soon as possible (Hannah and et.al., 2014).
Limitations:
 It is important for manager to understand employees behaviours but still the approach can
not help Morrisons to improve its quality of products and services.
Social System Approach: This approach helps the company in establishing coordination
and cooperation of production operations and management functions of the organisations.
Manager emphasize on maintaining relation between external and internal environment of
Morrisons. Firm focuses on establishing balance between employees and organisational goals.
Uses:
 It is important for manager to maintain friendly and social environment in the company
which helps in effective functioning of production activity and tends to meet consumer
needs and wants on time (Jiménez and et.al., 2015).
Limitations:
 It creates boundary for employees like they have to work with team in order to complete
the goals on time
 For this concept manager need to understand the techniques and management principles
for creating a stable work environment of staff members
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Socio-Technical Approach: It complies two factors of the Morrisons that is social and
technical. Manager can understand the actual pattern of the company by interaction of theses two
factors.
Uses:
 Approach helps manager in estimating the need of workers and technology for specific
work (Jokisaari and Markku, 2013).
 Social factor of the company are determined by psychological factors and social laws.
 Technical factor of the company can be judged by advancement of technology in
Morrisons.
Limitations:
 This approach for working is not new for Morrisons as it is taken into account from past
many years.
P5) Importance and value of operation management to meet organisation's goals
Management and operation plays vital role in improving services of Morrisons plc. It
generates different ideas for better services and encouraging workers to enhance their efficiency.
In addition to this, operation and management are crucial for increasing productivity and
profitability of entity adequately (King and Farrel, 2015). It is helpful for optimum allocation of
resources and fund that affects production and distribution system for producing goods. In this
regard, significance of operation and management for Morrisons plc can understand as:
Improving productivity of Morrisons plc: Management and operation is helpful to
prepare strategies regarding systematic business operations that affects its productivity.
However, it is related with profitability and entity's competitiveness affects further business
operations. Managing and operating business operations increases productivity of Morrisons plc
and also beneficial for systematic production and distribution system (Kwon, Lee and Shin,
2014). Thus, management and operations of services provided by entity get managed effectively
through this process.
Economic development: Management and operations of Morrisons plc are effective for
its financial development. Including this, it is useful to adopt innovative tools and techniques
better services. In context to monetary growth of entity, it is recognised that management and
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operation of all activities remains favourable for financial development. Therefore, monetary
position of Morrisons plc can improve through this approach systematically.
Technological forecast: Management operation of Morrisons plc is helpful for
technological forecast and advancement in its services (Stadtler, 2015). However, using new
techniques and increasing efficiencies is possible through this approach. Using and adopting
innovative techniques technically affects further implementations and competitive advantages for
Morrisons plc. In this regard, all operations and activities of business entity get managed
effectively.
Competition forecast: It is essential to analyse market position of entity as per which
forecasting for further operations is created. In this regard, varieties of ideas are created for
improving services provided by organisation to achieve customer satisfaction and competition
advantage at maximum level (Kwon, Lee and Shin, 2014). Management and operation of
Morrisons plc are effective proper competitiveness and sustaining its position for long time
period. Thus, entire business operations and marketing as well competitive strategies get
developed efficiently.
TASK 4
P6) Factors that impact on operation management and for decision making process
For improving services provided by Morrisons plc, several factors are impacted on
decision making process of manager and leader of the organisation (Reichard and et.al., 2016).
For example; management of business operations, all functional departments' performance as
well coordination among them etc. In this regard, following factors get impacted as:
 Information inputs: Varieties of information are achieved as well exchanged that leads
to make decisions regarding business operations of Morrison plc. Through this method,
actual performance of entity is recognised by which its services can improve effectively.
Information input is one of the most vital factor for decision making regarding entity's
growth and technological advancement (Marchetti and et.al., 2014). Thus, proper
information are gained related to organisation's performance and its growth effectively.
 Attitude towards risks and uncertainties: It is essential to have positive attitude
towards risk and problems obtained at workplace. It is helpful to increase working
efficiencies of employees and personal characteristics at maximum level. However,
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manager and leader of the entity formulate and implement strategies related reducing
risks and improving services provided by entity (Renz, 2016). It is one the great approach
for decision making and regarding solving out issues and implementing plans for better
services on large scale. Therefore, organisation's effectiveness can achieve and its
efficiencies can improve effectively.
 Inventory decisions: Management and operation approach is benefited for improving
services of Morrisons plc. It is linked with utilization of resources and fund properly to
achieve effectiveness of entity in adequate manner. In addition to this, business,
marketing and competitive strategies of organisation can improve efficiently (Sekar and
et.al., 2014). On behalf of this, decisions are made to manage inventories and all products
of the entity effectively.
 Quality decisions: Management operation approach of Morrisons plc is vital to improve
quality of services produced by it. In this regard, several tools are applied for better
performance and creating innovations in goods to gain satisfaction from customers at
higher level. Therefore, quality substances regarding material used in production are
identified. In addition to this, leader and manager make decisions regarding services of
Morrisons plc and their improvements effectively (Slack, 2015). Thus, management and
operation plays crucial for quality improvement and its management for effective
business operations.
CONCLUSION
The report is concluded that management and operation are essential for Morrisons plc to
improve its services. In this regard, following results are obtained as:
 Manager and leader plays crucial role in organisation's effectiveness and it growth.
 Management and operation is vital for optimum allocation of resources and fund.
 Morrisons plc can achieve its growth by using different tools for proper management of
all business operations.
 Different leadership theories and management approaches are presented to accomplish
organisation's tasks in different ways.
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As per this assignment, it is recognised that management and operation is crucial for
Morrisons plc to manage entire business operations and improving its services. In accordance to
this, roles and functions of leader and manager are presented to achieve organisation's
effectiveness and improving its services systematically. Moreover, it is analysed that entity can
manage all its operations by using this approach and implementing actions for competitive
advantages. Thus, several aspects of management and operation are recognized for organisation
through this report in a systematic manner.
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REFERENCE
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Galindo, Gina. and Rajan Batta. 2013. "Review of recent developments in OR/MS research in
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Online
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Management and operations. 2016. [online]. Available through:
<http://tn.upi.edu/pdf/Operations_Management.pdf>. [Accessed on 12th July 2017].
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