Management Information System

This solved assignment covers various aspects of Management Information Systems, including Decision Support Systems, Cloud Computing, Database Management, Data Mining, CRM, E-Policies, and Authentication Techniques. It also explores the impact of information systems on business operations, globalization, and sustainable technologies. The assignment provides detailed explanations and examples to help students understand the concepts and applications of MIS.

Management Information System

Table of Contents
PART A...........................................................................................................................................4
Question 1........................................................................................................................................4
a)Analyse the ‘Voyage’ related illustration below. What type of IS is represented by this
illustration? Why? At what organizational level is this IS used?................................................4
b) Analyse the relationships represented by the illustration below and determine whether the
statement/s represented in the table below are true account of such relationships. Circle ‘Yes’
or ‘No’ where applicable for each item below:...........................................................................4
Question 2........................................................................................................................................5
Question 3........................................................................................................................................6
a) Characteristics of cloud computing:........................................................................................6
b)Drawbacks of cloud computing:...............................................................................................6
Question- 4.......................................................................................................................................7
a). Define the database and also list the three reason why database management system are
better than other system as compare with the flat files. ..............................................................7
b). Importance of data mining tool and different type of information when they produce. In
what type of circumstance would give advice for the firm to use the data mining. ...................8
Question- 5.......................................................................................................................................8
a). Approach that improve the efficiency of local sandwich shop. .............................................8
b). Three primary components of CRM system.........................................................................10
Question- 6.....................................................................................................................................11
a). Companies should implement the certain e- policies to protect themselves. ......................11
b). Authentication technique is used for preventing the hackers from gain to access the system
of organisation. .........................................................................................................................12
PART B..........................................................................................................................................12
Identify the different major new information system trends and how the internet and www
related to other technology components of information system. '.............................................12
a). Information system can be changed the business operations and their product services.....13
b) Opportunities and Challenges of globalization in the term of flattened world.....................13

c). List the Six different strategies related to the business objective in term of information
system........................................................................................................................................14
d) Porter’s Five Forces analytical framework to UPS..............................................................15
e) UPS embracement of sustainable technologies and its benefits...........................................16
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................17

PART A
Question 1
a)Analyse the ‘Voyage’ related illustration below. What type of IS is represented by this
illustration? Why? At what organizational level is this IS used?
An organization is typically divided into upper, middle and operational level. Information
required by the user at all the level is different. So there are many information system supported
at each level in an organization. Out of which Decision support system is one of the information
system. This system is mostly used at senior management level of an organization. In this
“Voyage” related illustration below DSS ( Decision support system ) information system has
been used. This IS system is used at management level. The main objective of this system is to
provide problem solutions that changes frequently and are unique( Laudon and Laudon., 2016 ).
This system uses input from external system and internal system ( management information
system and transaction processing system). Users of this system are the professionals and the
staff of an organization. Examples of these systems are: Financial planning system, bank loan
management system. This illustration below is a Contract cost analysis system. In which at the
input stage all the MIS files like ship files, port distance restriction files as well as all the
transactional system files like port expenses file etc. are used. Then through analytical model
database processing is done and at last Online queries are fired by professionals or staff
members for decision making( Pearlson, Saunders and Galletta., 2016 ).
b) Analyse the relationships represented by the illustration below and determine whether the
statement/s represented in the table below are true account of such relationships. Circle
‘Yes’ or ‘No’ where applicable for each item below:
1 YES NO The services a firm is capable of providing to its customers,
suppliers,
and employees are a direct function of its MIS infrastructure.
2 YES NO The only service that will be affected by the quality of the MIS
infrastructure is the service provided to customers.
3 YES NO Ideally, this infrastructure should support the firm’s business and
information systems strategy.
4 YES NO This infrastructure should support the firm’s information systems
strategy, regardless of the business strategy.
5 YES NO The above illustration focusses more than anything else on the
relationship between Business Strategy and IT strategy.

6 YES NO The above illustration represents the centrality of MIS infrastructure
and services to the achievement of firm success.
7 YES NO Amazon is routinely sited as the most popular online shopping site.
The main reason for this is that Amazon has been in this
businessmore
than any other businesses.
8 YES NO Ultimately, what the firm delivers to customers, its quality, is a
direct
function of the power of its infrastructure.
9 YES NO New information technologies have a powerful impact on
businessand
IT strategies, as well as the services that can be provided to
customers.
Question 2
Your order of Choice/s of Information Systems Justification/s
 Point of sales system
 Sales management system
 Financial planning system
 Stock control system
 Budgeting system
 This information system can be used
as this system records daily sales
which will help them to maintain and
keep a track of their daily, monthly
and yearly sales so that they will be
able to maintain their competitive
edge.
 This information system takes input
from point of sales system to
maintain their sales. This system also
helps the organization to maintain
their sales and analyse area of sales
where they need to focus, in order to
maintain their position in the
competition.
 This system helps the manager to
evaluate different ways to achieve
goal. This system tries to adjust the
cost of their goods as well as their
expenses in order to achieve goal and
remain ahead in the competition.
 This information system keeps a
track of all the inventories at all the
level in order to manage
organizations sales as inventory
management is one of the most
important part of the organization.
 This information system gives an

overview to the organization of how
much money is spent within the
organization in short term as well as
in long terms. This system will also
help the organization to focus on
their competitive environment.
Question 3
a) Characteristics of cloud computing:
 Broad Network access: Through standard mechanisms capabilities can be accessed and
are available over the network that promotes all the clients. Examples: tablets, mobile
phones, laptops etc.
 Resource pooling: All the cloud computing resources are pooled together to serve many
customers with different resources assigned according to consumers demand.
 Rapid elasticity: Capabilities available on network can be elastically released and
provisioned, to scale rapidly commensurate with demand( Srinivasan., 2014 ).
 Measured services: Cloud systems controls and optimizes all the resources used by
leveraging capabilities at level of abstraction to the type of service (example: processing,
storing, active user account and bandwidth). All these resources usage can be monitored,
reported, controlled by providing transparency to the consumer and the provider (Cloud
Computing. 2018).
b)Drawbacks of cloud computing:
 It is completely dependent upon good internet connection because of which an
organization gets completely dependent on their internet connection. If internet service
suffers from slow connection or outages then usage of cloud computing might not be
possible. Example: In 2015 Apple iCloud suffered seven hours of outage which affected
their emails, iCloud drives and various other cloud services.
 Cloud computing simply means internet computing, so Organizations or individuals
should not store any information that they are not comfortable having on cloud
computing applications as cloud computing suffers data security issues. Example: NSA
snooping scandal in which NSA taps into Yahoo and Google data hubs( Stergiouand
et.al., 2018 ).

Question- 4
a). Define the database and also list the three reason why database management system are better
than other system as compare with the flat files.
A database system is basically collection of different information that organized and
easily access all the information or also manage, update in proper manner. Data can be organized
in the form of tables, columns and rows. In this way, it easier for people to find the relevant
information and data (Fuller and et.al., 2017). Database process is also followed the workloads to
create and update information. It also querying the proper data which contain and running the
application against them.
Database management system is better than other system because it allows to easily
access the single files and table at same time. In the file, the data can be easily store all the set of
files. This system will contain the flat file that does not have relation to another files. Database
management system is a type of software that allows for user to create, maintain and share the
data from one place to another. This system is specifying the type of data, constraints and
structure of data that store in the database system.
Compare between the database system and flat files-
Database system Flat files
 Relational database is used in the
multiple table structure.
 Relational database system is
developed by the IBM in the 1970's.
 This database will use the indexes to
easily identify the records which based
on the search criteria.
 Flat file can be stored data in the form
of single table structure.
 Flat file is based on the natural
development in the early age of
computation.
 This file is contain the plain text file
that store only one record in each line.

b). Importance of data mining tool and different type of information when they produce. In what
type of circumstance would give advice for the firm to use the data mining.
Data mining is a process that applicable in the organization to turn raw data convert into
the important information. Many firm used this process to identify the suitable information
which is beneficial for the growth and development of business. There are different type of data
mining tool useful in the organisation and also produce variety of information.
Importance of data-mining tool-
 Data mining tool is providing the facilities to identify the best data that implement in the
business development process. This tool is collecting and gathering all the necessary
information for management of business operations and functions.
 Data mining tool is beneficial for convert the data into the correct information and also
modelling according to the requirement of business (Kerzner and Kerzner, 2017). It is
also responsible for creating new data with the specified attributes. This tool is
represented the data in the form of structural format with change the data sets.
 The tool is playing important in the data-mining process to find the resources, blogs and
forums where the customer easily view the details of information.
According to analysis, It is the most important advice for organization to choose the best tool
that used for organization and also performing different functions such as customer opinion,
surveys and research, pre-processing data, extraction of information, online research, analysis of
competitors etc. These are important function that performed in the organization by using data-
mining tool and also manage the business process effectively and efficiently.
Question- 5
a). Approach that improve the efficiency of local sandwich shop.
There are different type of business approach that help for increase and manage the efficiency
and performance of sandwich shop.
Systematic approach- This approach is useful in the organisation to improve the productivity
and profitability with the help of technology. In the organization, it is very important for
manager to follows the business process in step by step. It is necessary for business development
to identify the best resources that beneficial for firms and also putting some innovative ideas to
develop the product and services to the consumers (Hitomi, 2017). This approach is applied in
the local sandwich shop to manage the entire business operations and function in effective

manner. According to this approach, management always ensure that the business process is
clearly understood and adopt the entire team.
Describe three sandwich shop business process and how this process can be coordinated with the
information system.
In sand-witch shop, The systematic approach will allow for manager to concern about the
solution and action plan. It is also identifying the specific changed that implement in the decision
of reinforces. There are three business process of sandwich shop as followings:
 Human resource management- HR management system is a process to handle the
business task and also performing different operations in effective manner. It also
coordinating or provide the training to the new candidates. This is also managed the
travel management plans by using information technology system (Storey and Song,
2017). This is applicable in the HR management system to improve the performance and
speed. IT system is beneficial to maintain all the records of business process and also
contain the information in centralized database system of company.
 Finance and accounting- It is a type of business process that help for develop the
integration between the operational system as well as financial. It has ability to utilise and
analyse the data in proper manner. Sometimes, it can be increase the risk of manual data
entry so that information technology is used for removing all the errors in fast ways. The
professional employees spend time for validating and collecting all the data by using tool
to analyse the overall budget of business activities.
 Marketing- Sandwich shop is use the variety of tool and platform to promote their
product and service in marketplace. This organization will create integrated marketing
plan to communicate with the consumer and also identify their need or requirement. This
process will support the centralist location of documentation. There are various type of
marketing plan applicable in the organization.
These are different type of sandwich shop business process that coordinate with the information
technology system to manage their task in effective manner. An advancement of technology is
applicable in the enterprise operations to manage their performance and efficiency in effective
ways. This will be used for generating the positive outcome or results towards the organization.

b). Three primary components of CRM system
Customer relationship management system is an effective approach that help for
managing the organization interaction with the consumers and current status. This process will
use the data to analyse about the history of customer. It also improves the enterprise relationship
with the customers. The main aim of organization to focus towards the growth and development
of business process. There are three primary components of customer relationship management
system. Drive marketing effectiveness and maximize the spend of marketing- Customer
relationship management system can improve the service quality of marketing. The
professional team is applied the different type of approach such as intuitive response
tracking, segmentation tool and campaign management etc. these are different approach
to easily identify the marketing effectiveness and increase the productivity in marketplace
(Kurbanova, Korableva and Kalimullina, 2018). In this way, it can be lead to increase
the qualified leads and representing the correct for sales. CRM is based on single system
that manage and track all the different channel of marketing campaigns. In this way, it
can be easily create dashboard to see the entire report of sales. This is the best ways to
manage the entire processing of business. Support the sales people and identify more details- Customer relationship management
system will provide the facility to build the history of consumers and also increase the
productivity or profitability in marketplace. It is based on the sales representative which
mainly focus towards the opportunities and also close the business with single place.
CRM system is providing the facility to easily find the information and history of every
consumers. It is needed for organisation to plan the strategies according to the
requirement of business development process. In this way, the sales representative always
gain the methodology to manage and close the deals. CRM system will help for
administration to automatically manage the flow of work in proper manner.

 Provide attractive service with create lifetime consumers- CRM system is continuously
process and it cannot be close deal. This process will use the tools that easily simplify
and managing the details of business operations. It is beneficial for organization to
contain the service cost with managing the quality of service. In this way, customers are
attracted towards the services and product for increasing the production or sales in
marketplace.
Question- 6
a). Companies should implement the certain e- policies to protect themselves.
E-policies are the important factor in the organization that help for providing the safety
and security in proper manner. This policy will manage the entire plan of business process
related to the information technology and physical. There are different type of policies
application in the organisation.
 Security policy- This is the main policy in the organisation because there are different
threats that affect the functionality of hardware system. It is important for company to use
different security aspects to protect against the threats. The unwanted virus and malware
send to the personal email (Avison, Davison and Malaurent, 2018). This threat is infected
the personal computer but every equipment that applicable on the network.
 Device use policy- This is also important policy when the people cannot do illegal work
and activities the system. It is a provide the benefits to protect against the liability of
instances. It cannot be allow for employee to connect their personal device to the
network of organisation.
 Data policy- This policy is mainly focused towards the security of data and manage the
personal information in proper manner. It is needed for every organization to use
different application and tool to provide the security. In this way, employee cannot send
the details of client and consumer to their personal devices. It is playing important role
for growth and development of organisation.

b). Authentication technique is used for preventing the hackers from gain to access the system of
organisation.
Authentication technique plays important role in the organisation because every firm
used the security application to protect against the hackers and threats. Each and every user has
been provided the login username and password to authenticate. In this way, it can be beneficial
for see all the information to the authorized person (Cook, 2017). This technique will use
different type of authentication protocol such as Basic, Digest, Microsoft password and client
side certification etc. These are the protocol that applicable in the security aspects to provide the
facilities to protect their information and personal data.
In case, if the hacker can break the system so that the application providing the message
where the attacker gain the access. In this way, it is beneficial for user to easily identified the
location and IP address for hackers. Mostly, the hacker try to gain the access towards the login
screen where the application request to the username and password. Authentication technique is
verified the attacker phase and also identified that which automated tool assess the information
and also return the error code.
PART B
Questions
Identify the different major new information system trends and how the internet and www
related to other technology components of information system. '
An advancement of technology and innovation are mandatory part of organizations to
manage their business operations and function in effective manner. This technology will help for
change the ways of enterprise practice's and also transform their social life. Almost every
business have registered on the internet where all the customer easily check the detail of product
and services (Crişan, Pintea and Palade, 2017). Information system is the expanded technology
that record the response of consumer demand and it also minimizes the inventory at the low
level. There are three major new information system trends as followings:
 Cloud computing is the new information system that help for deliver the enterprise
application through online. This technology is beneficial for organisation to store all the
information and data on the cloud system because it is provided the security and privacy.

 Big data is advanced technology that help for capture, store and analyse the large amount
of data with the help of social media platform, twitter, Facebook etc. These are the most
popular medium to collect all information in the form of big data.
 Mobile technology is also the fastest growing digital platform that help for
communication between the management system and customers. Many business can be
done by using mobile technology. This is the best platform to provide the information
such as solving query of consumers etc.
a). Information system can be changed the business operations and their product services.
Information system is main component of every organization because it can be performed
different task for increasing the productivity and profitability in marketplace. Information system
can be changed the management process of business in followings ways.
 Manager and other employee can use the online option to provide the information
regarding the product and services. It also collaborates with the social media network to
promote their scheme and quality of service. In this way, It will improve the performance
and efficiency of business all over the world.
 Artificial intelligence technique is used the different equipment that applicable in the
business process and it easier for manager to develop their decision power. They easily
identified that which process is better for growth and development (Nicholas and Steyn,
2017).
 Social media network is the depended on the internet which help for build a strong
communication between the suppliers, employees and customers. There are different
equipment used in the organisation such as wireless devices, laptop, tablet, smart phones
and internet help for doing work from any place and anywhere. Information system is
also changed the creation of enterprise values in the term of consumer and supplier.
b) Opportunities and Challenges of globalization in the term of flattened world.
The globalization is the process by the organization to develop firm that influences or
operating the enterprise on the basis of international scale. It is also associated with the other
business to develop the operations and function all over the world. This economic process can be
interaction and integration with the social culture. The globalization is impact on the economy
development of the country.

Opportunities:
Customer cannot be depend on the local business because there are many options in the
global marketplace where they choose the right product and service according to their need and
requirement. Globalization is provided the better services to their consumer and they can buy the
product by online application. Many firms are provided the product delivery services on their
door steps. It is also beneficial for give the 24 hour services to their customers. Another
opportunity is that when the internet emergency services will reduce the cost of operational and
also managing the transactions at every global world or scale.
Challenges:
The main challenge is that when the employee always needed to update their skill at high
level. Sometimes, there job experience cannot be outsourced. On the other hand, It is also
avoiding the marketing concept where the organisation is provided the less expensive good and
services.
c). List the Six different strategies related to the business objective in term of information
system.
Strategies are important part of each and every organization that help for managing the
business operations and functions in proper manner. Strategy helps for increasing the business
performance and efficiency in effective manner(Crişan, Pintea and Palade, 2017). Many
organizations used the marketing strategy that increase demand of consumers and also build the
good relationship them. There are different types of strategies application in the business
objectives.
 Operational Excellence- Business can be used the different type of tool and platform
that help for improve the speed and efficiency of business. It is also beneficial for
increasing the production and sales in marketplace. It is important for organisation to use
innovative idea to develop the business all over the world.
 New business model- Business model is used the information system that allow to create
new product and service in marketplace. For Example- many companies used the online
music streaming to increase the popularity where many consumers attracts towards their
services.

 Supplier and consumer intimacy- The relationship between the supplier and customer
are important because supplier is provided the best product and manage the supply chain
of delivery in proper manner. In this way, it can say that information system allow
recording their experience and choice.
 Improved decision-making- Information system is the best approach that help for
increasing the decision making power in the firm.
 Competitive advantages- It is important for competitive advantage in the firm because
information system help to increase the performance and capacity against the
competitors.
 Survival- Information system is necessary for business process to put some innovative
concept to develop the product and services in marketplace. Many organizations used this
concept to handle their operations in proper manner.
d) Porter’s Five Forces analytical framework to UPS
 New entrant threat: This business field new entrant brings innovation, new ways of doing
things which can put pressure on UPS by introducing low pricing strategy, cost reduction
and by providing new value proposition to customers.
 Suppliers bargaining powers: UPS buys their raw material from numerous suppliers. If
the suppliers are in dominant position then it can decrease the profit of UPS that they will
earn from market.
 Buyers bargaining powers: Mostly buyers are more demanding they want to buy best
things by paying the lowest price. So the smaller customer base of UPS increases the
bargaining power of buyers.
 Threat of substitute product: When new services or products are introduced to customers
in a better way profitability of organization suffers. In this industry threat of substitution
is high which will affect the profitability of UPS.
 Existing competitors' rivalry: rivalry among existing competitors is intense in this sector
which as a results drive down the prices and overall profitability. UPS operated in an
environment where competition is much intense which affects its profitability.

e) UPS embracement of sustainable technologies and its benefits.
 Warehousing robotics: In this technology robots pic orders and restock shelves. This will
help UPS to maintain their warehouse and increase their logistics and delivery service by
reduced time and improved cost.
 Self-driven vehicles: UPS can become one of those companies that does delivery through
driverless commercial vehicle which will in enabling logistics operations by lowering
freight cost by 40% and can also reduce traffic accidents.
 Online delivery reports: UPS can embrace online delivery report system in order to
automate their delivery system. Through this technology their delivery reports can be
updated in the real time after delivery of the packet.

REFERENCES
Books and journals:
Avison, D.E., Davison, R.M. and Malaurent, J., 2018. Information systems action research:
Debunking myths and overcoming barriers. Information & Management. 55(2). pp.177-
187.
Cook, M., 2017. The management of information from archives. Routledge.
Crişan, G.C., Pintea, C.M. and Palade, V., 2017. Emergency management using geographic
information systems: application to the first romanian traveling salesman problem
instance. Knowledge and Information Systems. 50(1). pp.265-285.
Fuller, M.A. and et.al., 2017. Information Systems Project Management: A Process and Team
Approach, Edition 1.1. Prospect Press.
Hitomi, K., 2017. Manufacturing Systems Engineering: A Unified Approach to Manufacturing
Technology, Production Management and Industrial Economics. Routledge.
Kerzner, H. and Kerzner, H.R., 2017. Project management: a systems approach to planning,
scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley & Sons.
Kurbanova, E., Korableva, O. and Kalimullina, O., 2018, January. Enhancing the effectiveness
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Enterprise Information Systems, ICEIS 2018 (pp. 171-178). SciTePress.
Laudon, K.C. and Laudon, J.P., 2016. Management information system. Pearson Education
India.
Nicholas, J.M. and Steyn, H., 2017. Project management for engineering, business and
technology. Routledge.
Pearlson, K.E., Saunders, C.S. and Galletta, D.F., 2016. Managing and Using Information
Systems, Binder Ready Version: A Strategic Approach. John Wiley & Sons.
Srinivasan, S., 2014. Cloud computing basics. Springer.
Stergiou, C., and et.al., 2018. Secure integration of IoT and cloud computing. Future Generation
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Online
Cloud Computing. 2018. [Online].Available through:
<https://www.techopedia.com/definition/2/cloud-computing>